Unit 1 知识 2022-2023学年沪教牛津版（广州沈阳通用）八年级英语下册

沪教牛津八年级下Unit1知识清单 1. Write a letter to the head teacher to ask permission to raise money. 1) write a letter to sb. 给某人写一封信;同 write to sb. You can write a letter to him.=You can write to him. 2) ask permission报请批准 permission〔 不可数名词〕准许；批准 Tell him to ask my permission before he borrows something. They took away the books without permission. [拓展]permit ①〔动词〕许可;准许 permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 Will you permit us to leave now? ②[名词〕许可证；执照 a travel permit 旅行许可证 (3) raise [及物动词〕 ①筹集，筹募 We raised money for the sick gitl yesterday. ②增加；提高 He raised his voice to answer the question. 辨析：raise 与 rise 两者都有“升起”之意，但有区别： raise 及物动词，常指人为地〝举起，提高” 主语通常是人 rise不及物动词，常指自然地上升，升高 主语通常是物 Raise your hand if you know the right answer. The sun rises in the cast. 2. Could you give me a hand, Lo？ (1) Could you do sth.？你能做某事吗？ 用于委婉地请求别人做某事，有时也在you后加please，再接动词原形，即“Could you please do sth？”“请你做某事好吗？” Could you (please) close the door? —Yes, sure. [拓展] Would/ Will you please (not ) do sth.? 请你（不)做某事好吗？ 肯定回答常用 “Sure./Certainly./Of course / No problem.” 等;否定回答常用“Sorry, I'd love/like to,but I..” 等。 - Would you please go to the movies with me tonight？ - Sure, I'd love to./I'd love to, but I have to look after my sister. (2)give sb. a hand帮助某人 This box is too heavy for me to carry. Please give me a hand. Reading部分 1. helping disabled people 帮助残疾人 disabled〔形容词〕丧失能力的;有残疾的 在句中作定语或表语。 He is a disabled singer. Though the girl is disabled, she lives a happy life. [拓展〕disabled 前加定冠词the，表示有残疾的一类人,意为“残疾人”，此时表达复数概念。 the old 老年人 the rich 富人 the young 年轻人 2.I talked to children without parents. 1)talk to 和⋯交谈 后接表示人的名词或代词，相当于 talk with 拓展：talk about 谈论 2)without［介词］没有；不 其后常接名词（短语）、人称代词宾格或动词-ing 形式。其反义词为 with，意为〝有，具有”，用法与without 相同。 There are many families without children. He left the classroom without saying a word. 3.I helped sick children. 辨析：sick与 ill 二者都可用作形容词，意为“生病的”，但用法不同： sick:用作表语或定语，the sick 指病人 His elder brother was sick. ill：用作表语，不能作定语 Jack was ill yesterday. 4.Three teenag