2023届高考英语二轮复习非谓语动词学案

高考二轮语法复习 非谓语动词 【走进高考】 1. [2021新高考Ⅰ]But that’s how nature is—always leaving us_______（astonish）. 2. [2021全国乙]Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking（远足）and accommodations aim _______have） a low impact on the natural environment. 3. [2021全国甲]It is possible_______（walk） or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 4．(2020·浙江卷)Something significant is happening to the world population—it is aging. The median (中位数的) age of an American in 1950 was 30—today it is 41 and is expected (increase) to 42 by 2050. 5．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)They make great gifts and you see them many times (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 6．(2020·北京卷)And third, tiger sharks have teeth perfectly (design) for cutting their food, so it is certain that the damage will be disastrous. 【语法精讲】 考点一 　　　　　　非谓语动词的形式及意义 非谓语动词 主动语态 被动语态 意义 不定式 一般式 to do to be done 不定式的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生 不定式 进行式 to be doing 不定式的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生 完成式 to have done to have been done 不定式的动作发生在句中谓语动词的动作之前 现在分词/动名词 一般式 doing being done 其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生 完成式 having done having been done 其表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作发生 过去分词 一般式 done 与句中主语为逻辑上的被动关系，表完成 考点一 非谓语动词作状语 一、不定式作状语 1．作目的状语，可用so as to/in order to替换，但so as to一般不可置于句首，意为“为了；想要”。 ◆(2018·北京卷)During the Mid－Autumn Festival, family members often gather together to share a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. 在中秋节期间，家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭、赏月、品尝月饼。 2．作结果状语，常用于下列结构中：only to do(表示意想不到的结果)；enough to do(足够做……)；too...to do...(太……而不能……)；so/such...as to...(如此……以至于……)等。 ◆(四川卷)Tom took a taxi to the airport, only to find his plane high up in the sky. 汤姆乘出租车去了机场，结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。 She was old enough to decide for herself. 她已经大到可以自己做决定了。 He was too frightened to move. 他吓得一动也不动。 3．作原因状语，常用在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to do”结构中。这类形容词有easy, difficult, hard, cheap, expensive, fit, comfortable, heavy, good, important, impo