2023年中考英语常见易混淆动词用法辨析及练习

初中常见易混淆动词用法辨析及练习(一) ⑴ speak, say, talk, tell 1. speak “说话”,做及物动词时后接语言(speak English); 做不及物动词时与 to 连用,意为“对…说”。 · My teacher spoke to me. 2. say 强调内容,及物动词,后需接说话内容。 · She said that she was late for school. 3. talk “交谈”,不及物动词,常与to 或with 连用。 · I like talking with my friends. · They are talking about the news. 4. tell “告诉”, 及物动词,强调讲给别人听,tell sb. sth. · My grandmother told me an interesting story. · 短语 tell a story/ tell a lie · My mother often me that don’t to strangers on your way to and from school. A. speak; says B. speak; tells C. talk; speaks D. talk;tell ⑵ bring, take, carry, fetch 1. bring “带来” · Bring a gift to me. 2. take “带走” · Take your bag when you leave. 3. carry “带”,“搬”,没有固定的方向 · Please carry this bottle. 4. fetch “去取来”,强调往返 · Please fetch a cup for me. · Mother _ some apples for her son. 妈妈去拿来了一些苹果给儿子。 A. fetched B. took C. carried D. brought · They _ the boxes into the factory.他们把箱子搬进了工厂。 A. fetched B. took C. carried D. brought ⑶ 到达: arrive, reach, get 1. arrive 不及物动词,可单独作谓语,构成“主谓“结构;如需加地点需要有介词in +大地点/ at+小地点 2. reach 及物动词,后需直接接地点名词, 如 reach Beijing 3. get 不及物动词,后接地点副词 get home/ there; 或后+to+接地点名词,get to school. · - When did you Shanghai? - Yesterday. A: reach B. get C. arrive D. arrive at ⑷ 花费: spend, cost, take, pay 1. spend 用法 sb. spend 时间/金钱 + on sth. 或 sb. spend 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth. · I spend three hours on my homework/ in doing my homework. 2. cost 用法 sth. cost sb. 金钱 · This book cost me 10 yuan. 3. take 用法 It takes(took) sb + 时间/ 金钱+ to do sth. · It takes me 10 minutes to go to school. 4. pay 用法 pay for · I paid 10 yuan for this book. · 1. His parents were worried that he _ too much time chatting on line. A. spent B. cost C. paid D. had · 2. He _ every Sunday volunteering in an old people’s home. A. spends B. gives C. uses D. takes · 3. - How long does it _ you to go to the post office, Jack? - About half an hour. A. take B. spend C. cost D. pay ⑸ borrow, lend, keep 1. borrow “借进”, 用法 borrow sth. form sb. · I borrowed a book from Lily. 2. lend