主谓一致 讲义+练习（讲义）通用版英语六年级下册

第十八章 主谓一致 在英语句子里,主语和谓语之间存在着一致性关系,基本原则是:主语为单数时,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。 一、语法形式的一致原则 1.谓语动词与主语在人称上保持一致。如: He/She likes chocolate. 他/她喜欢巧克力。 We/They/You like apples. 我们/他们/你(你们)喜欢苹果。 I like football,but he likes tennis. 我喜欢足球,而他喜欢网球。 2.谓语动词与主语在单复数上保持一致。如: His son is a teacher. 他的儿子是一位老师。 This building was very high. 这栋大楼很高。 His sons are teachers. 他的儿子们都是老师。 These buildings were very high. 这些大楼很高。 3.不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。 当不可数名词作主语时,不论其数量多少,谓语动词都要用单数形式。如: Water is necessary to everyone. 水对每个人都是必需的。 Too much salt does a lot of harm to your health. 吃太多的盐对你的身体非常有害。 The air in some big cities is very dirty. 有些大城市的空气很脏。 二、概念意义的一致原则 下面是两类特殊情况: 1.主语在形式上为单数,但谓语动词要用复数。 ①英语中有些形容词前面加定冠词the可以用来表示一类人,如果这些词作生语,谓语动词要用复数。常见的这些词有:the young(年轻人),the old(老年人),the rich(富人),the poor(穷人),the blind(盲人),the deaf(聋人)等。如: The rich are not as happy as the poor think. 富人并不是像穷人认为的那么幸福。 The young should respect the old. 年轻人应该尊敬年 ②有些词既可以表示民族,又可以表示这个民族所使用的语言。当表示民族时,谓语动词用复数形式;表示语言时,谓语动词用单数形式。如: The Chinese love peace.中国人民热爱和平。 Chinese is a very difficult language.汉语是一门非常难学的语言。 2.主语形式上为复数,但谓语动词要用单数。 英语中有些单词以s结尾,如news(消息),works(工厂),maths(数学),physics(物理)等,这些单词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。如: The news is very exciting.这个消息令人激动。 The United States is a big country.美国是一个大国。 练习题 一、单项选择。 ( )1.He_ to watch cartoon. A.like B.likes C.is ( ) 2.The boy with his girlfriend _ to a party tonight. A.go B.is going C.are going ( )3.Too much water _ not good to the grass. A.is B.are C.be ( )4.No one _ to read such books. A.want B.wanting C.wants ( ) 5.None of the money_ mine. A.is B.are C.were ( )6.To work for the country_ a great honor(荣誉). A.are B.will C.is ( )7.Something _ wrong with my computer. A.is B.are C.were ( )8.Most of the Japanese _ peace. A.loves B.loved C.love ( )9.The whole class_ reading English now. A.are B.is C.be ( )10. _ people in the city are rich. A.Little B.Few C.A little 二、用括号里单词的适当形式填空。 1.Physics_ interesting to me.(be) 2.Both of you _wrong.(be) 3.The news _exciting.(be) 4.The whole family. _watching TV now.(be) 5