2023年中考英语一轮复习—状语从句

中考复习——状语从句 用来修饰主句中的动词、副词和形容词或整个句子的从句叫状语从句。在复合句中作状语,其位置可以在主句前或主句后。状语从句可以分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、比较、让步、条件等几种。状语从句由从属连接词引导。 1. 时间状语从句 (1) 通常用when,as,while,before,after, since, till, until, as soon as 等连词来引导。时间状语从句一般放在句首或句尾。 It was raining hard when we got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2)在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,而是用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。 I'll ring you up as soon as I get to New When you finish the work, you may go out to play with Sam. I won’t leave until Mum comes back. 【辨析】 ①when, while, as的用法 若主句表示的是一个短暂性动作,从句表示的是一个持续性动作,三者都可用: He fell asleep when (while, as) he was reading. 若主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作,且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间,通常要用 while: Don’t talk while you’re eating. I kept silent while he was writing. 但是,若主从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边…一边”之意思,通常用 as: She sang as she went along. 若从句是一个短暂性动作,主句是一个持续性动作,可用 as / when 但不用 while: It was raining hard when (as) we arrived. 若主、从句表示的是两个同时(或几乎同时)发生的短暂性动作,用 as / when: I thought of it just when (as)you opened your mouth. 若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况,相当于汉语的“随着”,一般用 as: Things are getting better and better as time goes on. As it grew darker, it became colder. 表示“每当…的时候”(暗示一种规律性),一般要用 when: It’s cold when it snows. He smiles when you praise him. 若主从句所表示的动作不是同时发生,而是有先后顺序时,一般要用 when: I will go home when he comes back. when 和 while后可接现在分词、介词短语、形容词等构成省略句,但as 一般不这样用: When (While) reading, he fell asleep. When (While)in trouble, ask her for help. ②until和till的用法: 用于肯定句作“直到…为止”解时,主句的动词一般是延续到until / till所表示的时间为止。 He waits until / till the children are asleep. 用于否定句作“在…以前”、“直到才”解时,主句的动词一般是非延续性的,它所表示的动作直到until / till 所表示的时间才发生。 He didn't come until / till late in the morning. 用于延续性动词的肯定或否定句中,但含义不同。 The meeting continued until / till 7:00. 会议一直开到七点。 We didn't have the meeting until /till 7:00. 直到七点我们才结束会议。 用于“It is / was not until...that”或含有“not...until...”的强调结构中,其中的until不能改为till,不可替换。