内容正文:
专题05 说明文(三)
一.(2019·高一课时练习)语法填空
Growing up in a poor neighborhood ___1___ (great) reduces the chances that a child will graduate from high school, according to a study. And the ___2___(long) a child lives in that kind of neighborhood, the more harmful the effect will be.
The study by Geoffrey Wodtke and David Harding of American universities is the first ___3___(discover) it. ___4___(compare) to growing up in normal neighborhoods, growing up in neighborhoods with high levels of poverty and unemployment reduces the chances of high school ___5___(graduate) from 96% to 76% for black children. The effect on white children is also harmful, but not as large,___6___(reduce) their chances of graduating from 95% to 87%.
Edward, a famous journalist said, “ ___7___ seems that an immediate effort from the government ___8___(need) for neighborhood improvement in order to solve the problems ___9___ we found in our study. Great neighborhoods may have a great impact ____10____ children’s development many years or even generations later. ”
参考答案:
1.greatly 2.longer 3.to discover 4.Compared 5.graduation 6.reducing 7.It 8.is needed 9.that/which 10.on
【分析】本文为说明文。一项研究表明,生长在贫困和高失业率的社区会降低学生高中毕业的可能性。
1.考查副词。句意:一项研究表明,在贫困社区长大会极大地降低孩子高中毕业的可能性。修饰动词应用副词greatly。故填greatly。
2.考查形容词的比较级。句意:一个孩子在那样的社区生活的时间越长,有害的影响就越严重。此处为“the+比较级.…the+比较级.…”结构,意为“越……,越……”,故本空应用形容词long的比较级longer。故填longer。
3.考查不定式。句意:美国大学的Geoffrey Wodtke和David Harding的研究是第一个发现这个现象的。本空作定语,修饰the first,故应用不定式。故填to discover。
4.考查固定短语。句意:与在普通社区长大的孩子相比,在贫困和失业率高的社区长大的黑人孩子高中毕业的可能性从96%降至76%。compared to意为“与……相比”。 故填Compared。
5.考查名词。句意参考上题。根据空前的of和句意可知,本空应用名词graduation。故填graduation。
6.考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知,此处在句中作伴随状语,The effect与reduce之间是逻辑上的主动关系,故本空应用现在分词。故填reducing。
7.考查固定句型。“It seems that…”是固定句型,其中seems是系动词,that从句是表语从句。故填It。
8.考查时态及语态。句意:……为了解决我们在研究中发现的问题,政府似乎需要立即努力改善社区。根据第7空后的seems可知本空应用一般现在时,且an immediate effort和need之间为被动关系,故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is needed。
9.考查定语从句。本空引导定语从句,修饰problems, 关系词在从句中作宾语,指物,故应填that或which。故填that