内容正文:
第1讲 妙用技法,巧解三大层次题
完形填空的设题方式大致可分为句内层次、句组层次及语篇层次三种题型。句内层次题和句组层次题较容易,能保障考生取得基本分数,但高考是选拔性的考试,每篇完形填空总会有2~3个比较难的语篇层次题成为考生取得高分的“拦路虎”。二轮复习在确保句内层次题和句组层次题全做对的前提下,要全力争取语篇层次题不失分。
(一)句内层次题
句内层次题的答案可以由其所在句子内决定,不用超越本句的范围。在读懂文章的前提下,利用本句的一些解题信息就可直接作答。对于此类题目,可边读边填,将原文信息尽量复原。
完形填空主要考查语境中对词义的理解,我们可以通过本句语境中的关键信息,即根据空格前后的相关已知信息,推导出正确答案。
[示例](2022·全国甲卷)When I first dated Steve, I __43__ he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora.
43.A.feared B.doubted
C.hoped D.learned
解析:本题可以利用句内语境暗示解题。由上文的“When I first dated Steve (当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时)”和常识可知,第一次约会会得知对方相关情况,作者从而得知史蒂夫有一只狗和一只猫。故选D项。
完形填空所选短文前后连贯,脉络自然有序,因此我们可以充分利用逻辑关系语快速解题。逻辑关系语主要有:
单词
and,but,or,because,though,however,yet,therefore,otherwise,despite等
短语
in other words,in addition,because of,as a result (of),on the contrary,instead of 等
其他
that is to say,what is more,generally speaking等
[示例1](2022·全国甲卷)While I was 44.thrilled that he was an animal lover, I __45__ that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 46.Flora ,the cat.
45.A.predicted B.worried
C.regretted D.insisted
解析:本题可以利用句内逻辑关系解题。while在句中意为“虽然”,表示转折。由下文的“three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 46.Flora ,the cat”可知,作者认为三条狗可能太多了,且自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫,针对这种情况,作者是担忧的。故选B项。
[示例2](2020·天津卷)Just a few days after the signs went up,he found people sitting there and engaging in active and __28__ conversations.
28.A.formal B.joyful
C.awkward D.crazy
解析:本题可以利用句内逻辑关系解题。空格前的and连接两个表达相同感情色彩的词,均用来修饰conversations。由active可知,人们进行着积极愉快的谈话。从而确定答案为B项。
完形填空有时考查一些较为简单的固定搭配、英语地道习惯用语及固定句型。如:see...as (把……视为/看作);look out for(当心);make it(成功做成某事);make it clear that...(弄清楚);seeing (that)...(考虑到)等。相应地,在备考过程中要有意识地加强对固定搭配、句型及习惯用语的积累和掌握。
[示例1](2021·全国乙卷)She was 49.grateful for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her.On her day of discharge, we shared in her 50.delight at her recovery.As she was 51.leaving she was eager to say __52__ to each of us in the nursing team.
52.A.sorry B.hello
C.goodbye D.yes
解析: 本题可以利用固定搭配解题。根据语境可知,在她的出院日,当她