内容正文:
第02讲 必修三Unit1 Grammar(原卷版)-【帮课堂】2022-2023学年高一英语同步精品讲义(译林版2020必修第三册)
【目标导航】
本单元语法是省略句
【知识精讲】
在英语句子中,常见的省略情况有以下几种:
一. 状语从句中的省略
1. 在when, while, if, as if, though, although, as, until, once, whether, unless等连接的状语从句中,若从句中的主语与主句主语一致且谓语中含有be动词,常省略状语从句中的主语和be动词。当从句的主语为it时,则从句中主语和be动词常被省略。
①She fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework. 他在做作业时睡着了。
②Often she would weep when (she was) alone. 她一个人时,常常哭泣。
③If (it is) possible, I'll go outing. 如果可能的话,我将去郊游。
完成句子
①While ___________(cycle), don't forget the traffic lights. 骑车时,不要忘记看红绿灯。
②He opened his mouth as if ___________(say) something. 他张开嘴好像要说什么。
③If ___________(leave) untreated, the disease may become chronic.
如果得不到治疗,此病可能会转成慢性。
注意:有些由if构成的省略结构,已属固定短语,如if any, if necessary, if possible, if not, if so:
①There are few, if any, mistakes in that book. 那本书就是有错误也不多。
②If necessary, ring me at home. 如果必要,可以打电话到我家找我。
③If possible, I wish to go there next summer. 如果可能,我希望明年夏天去。
④He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now?
他可能很忙,要是这样,我以后再来拜访。要是不忙,我现在可以见他吗?
2. 在than, as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些成分。
①I know you better than (I know) him. 我了解你胜过了解他。
②He runs as fast as Bob (runs). 他跑得和鲍勃一样快。
二.定语从句和宾语从句中的省略
1.定语从句中的省略
(1)在限制性定语从句中,作宾语用的关系代词whom, which, that可省略(但whom, which紧跟在介词后时不能省略)。
The man (who/whom/that) you want to meet has come. 你要见的人来了。
(2)修饰way的关系词that/in which可以省略。 Do you know the way (that/in which) work is measured?
你知道衡量工作的方式吗?
2.宾语从句中的省略
(1)及物动词后接宾语从句时,连接词that一般可以省略;但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句,那么只有第一个that可以省略。
①I believe (that) beauty comes from within. 我相信美丽来自内心。
②He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.
他说这篇课文很重要,我们应该牢记在心。
(2)when, where, how和why引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。
She wants to learn English well, yet she doesn't know how (she can learn it well).
她想学好英语,但她不知道怎样才能学好。
三. 动词不定式的省略
1.当不定式在形容词afraid, anxious, eager, glad, happy, ready, willi