1.2 Grammar【练习】-2022-2023学年八年级英语下册同步精品课堂（沪教牛津版）

Unit 1 Grammar 基础篇 一、夯实基础 A 不定式的语法功能 1.作主语 1)眼见为实 ________ _________ is to believe 2) 昨天我花2小时做作业。 It _________ me 2 hours _________ __________ my homework yesterday. 3) 对一个13岁的男孩来说，独自去外国旅游真的是很勇敢。 ________ brave ________ a 13-year-old boy ________ ________ around the foreign countries alone. 4)对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。 ________ _______very dangerous for children _________ __________ the busy street. 【答案】1) To see 2)took to finish 3)It’s of to travel 4.It is to cross 【解析】2，3，4，题it 是形式主语。不定式作真正主语。 2. 作宾语 习惯接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, ask, choose, decide, hope, learn, offer, plan, promise, want, wish, would like等 1）她希望将来去美国留学 She hopes_________ _________ in America in the future. 2)我想买个新相机。 I want ________ _________ a new camera. 3)她答应会来。 She promised _________ _______. 4)他们决定步行去那儿。 They __________ __________ ____________ there on foot. 【答案】1)to study 2)to buy 3)to come 4)decide to go 【解析】这些不定式都是做宾语。 3.作表语 1)我的梦想是当一名老师。 My dream is ___________ ___________a teacher 2)他似乎很有钱。 He seems __________ ________ very rich. 3)他的任务是照顾好他的妹妹。 His task is______________ _________ ___________his sister well. 【答案】1)to be/become a 2)to be 3)to look after 【解析】这些不定式都是做表语。 4）不定式作宾语补助语 这类结构常见于ask sb. to do sth. tell sb to do sth want sb. to do sth. advise sb. to do 这类动词常有：advise, allow, ask, encourage, help, invite, order, teach, tell, want, wish等。 1）我爸妈不许我晚上外出 My parents don’t allow _________ _______ _______ out at night. 2）老师叫我们把这些单词写下来。 The teacher told _________ _________ ________ ________the words. 3)他鼓励我努力学习 He encouraged _________ ________ ________ hard. 4)他昨天用机器人完成他的作业。 He used _________ _________ ________ _________his home work. 【答案】1)me to go 2)us to write down 3)me to study 4) a robot to finish/do 【解析】这些不定式都是做宾语补助语，补充说明宾语。 5）不定式作状语 1）他来借钱。 He came _________ _________ some money. 2)他每周六都去那照顾病人。 Every Saturday, he went there _________ _________ ______ the patients. 3)很高兴见到你 I am glad_________ _________ you. 【答案】1)to borrow