专题02 重点语法归纳+练习--2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版2019）

北师大版（2019）高二英语上学期期末考点大串讲 专题02 重点语法归纳+练习 选择性必修二 Unit 3 Conservation 限制性和非限制性定语从句 观察： Lucy, ①whose father is our English teacher, is a lovely girl ②that/who is loved by us all. She is also warm­hearted and helps those ③who are less fortunate. Yesterday, she went to the bookstore ④where she often buys books. On her way, she found a little boy ⑤who/that was crying. He said he got separated with his mother, ⑥who was busy buying vegetables. So Lucy comforted the boy and accompanied him until his mother found them, ⑦which made both of them grateful to her. 我的发现 1．加黑处①、⑥、⑦为非限制性定语从句，加黑处②、③、④、⑤为限制性定语从句。 2．加黑处④为关系副词引导的定语从句，其他加黑处为关系代词引导的定语从句。 3．加黑处⑦的先行词是整个主句内容。 语法知识精讲 一、定语从句的种类 根据定语从句与先行词之间关系的紧密程度，我们将定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。 1．限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，两者之间不用逗号分开；关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有who、whom、whose、that、which、as；关系副词有where、when、why。 ◆This is the computer (that/which) he bought for his son yesterday.　这是他昨天为儿子买的电脑。 ◆The woman who/that survived the earthquake is Amy's English teacher. 在地震中幸存的那个女人是埃米的英语老师。 2．非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词或主句做些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系词与引导限制性定语从句的关系词略有不同。除that和why不能引导非限制性定语从句外，其他都可以。 ◆He is English, which I know from his accent. 他是英国人，那是我通过他的口音知道的。 ◆I heard a terrible noise, which brought my heart into my mouth. 我听到了一个可怕的声音，这使我非常害怕。 [即时演练1]——用适当的关系词填空 (1)(2021·浙江卷1月)BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. (2)(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. (3)(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Thank you for your letter, really made me happy. (4)(2020·天津卷7月)Dr.Rowan, secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. (5)(2020·江苏卷)Many lessons are now available online, from students can choose for free. 二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的用法比较 1．形式不同 限制性定语从句和主句之间没有逗号；非限制性定语从句往往用逗号与主句隔开。 ◆Here i