专题16阅读理解之词义猜测题专讲专练2023年高考英语二轮复习重点难点、易混易错、一网打尽之策略（全国版）

专题16阅读理解之词义猜测题专讲专练 题型解析 1：词义猜测设题方式 1． 对考纲外生词的猜测 2． 对考纲内熟词新义的猜测 3． 对句义的猜测 4． 对文段中的习语、短语及划线部分的猜测或对指代进行理解 2：解题思路 顺藤摸瓜法：定义、重述、对比、因果、构词、语法、常识、上下文实词联系理解 1：定义法：由生词后的同位语或定语从句可猜词义，也就是定义猜词法。常见信号词mean, the same as, that is to say, in other words, 注意：同位语有时也使用破折号、冒号、分号、引号和括号等表示 例题分析： 1：A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter. 木匠 2：We are on the night shift --- from midnight to 8 a.m. --- this week. 夜班 2：对比法：根据对比关系猜测词义。句中有yet, though, although, on the other hand, instead，but, however等表转折的词时，前后句含有对比意义，据此可猜测生词词义。 例题分析： 1. Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. 脏的 2. John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things; his wife, however, is very thrifty. 节俭的 3：语义复现法：根据同义词、近义词或反义词猜测词义。这类同义词、近义词或反义词往往有and, or, but, however，namely, that is to say, in other words等信号词作暗示。 例题分析： 1：In competitive world of today, examinations have a highly selecting or filtering role. 过滤 4：列举法：根据举例猜测词义。这类信号词有：for example, such as, for instance, consist of, include, especially等词语. 例题分析： 1：Today young couples who are just starting their household often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing machine, fridge and color TV sets. 电器用具 5：上下文联系：俗话说，“词不离句，句不离文”。特定的上下文往往是推测词义不可忽视的重要因素。 例题分析： 1：The pupils assembled in front of the school hall. They came together to listen to the headmaster announce the result of the sports meeting. 集合 6：根据因果关系猜测词义。表示因果关系的信号词有：because, so, therefore, thus, so...that等。 例题分析： 1：Since I could not afford to purchase the original painting, I bought a replica. An inexperienced eye could not tell the difference. 复制品 2：He’s such a shrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade. 精明的 高考真题感悟 例题1：As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside