Unit 1 语法知识点总结讲义-2022-2023学年高中英语北师大版（2019）必修第一册

语法:动词不定式和-ing/-ed形容词 (一)动词不定式 1. 肯定与否定形式:to do/not to do 2. 疑问词+不定式:how/when/what+to do sth 可作主语、宾语或表语等, 可转换为相应的从句He told us what to do.(=He told us what we should do.) 3. 复合结构: “for/of+名词/代词(宾格)+动词不定式” It is/was+形容词+for sb+to do 对某人而言,做某事是...的 It is/was+形容词+of sb+to do 做某事,某人是...的 4. 时态和语态 to do 和主句动作同时发生,主动,要做某事 I'm glad to see you. 我很高兴见到你。 to be done 和主句动作同时发生,被动,将要被 There were many talented actors out there just waiting to be discovered....等着将要被发现。 to be doing 正在做某事,主动 He pretended to be reading a book when I came in. 当...他假装正在读书。 to have done 发生在主句动作之前,主动,已经做了 We seem to have met each other before. 我们好像以前已经见过面了。 to have been done 发生在主句动作之前,被动,已经被 He was said to have been told about the news. 据说他已经被告诉这个消息了。 5. 作主语时常用“it”作形式主语,而把真正的主语——动词不定式(短语)放在句末。 It is not easy to learn English well. 学好英语不容易。 6. 不定式作表语一般表示具体的动作,特别是表示将来的动作,说明主语是什么或者要做什么。 My wish is to join the army after graduation. 我的愿望就是要参军。 7. 不定式作宾语 (1)like/want/try/begin/decide/ask/forget/promise/hope/love/ offer/ refuse/wi