内容正文:
专题11 阅读理解——备战2023年高考英语考试易错题
技巧1 运用规则突破词汇观
1. (2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel ( 旅 社 ). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you'll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort.
21.What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?
A.Comfort. B.Security.
C.Price. D.Location.
【解析】根据题干指向,快速查阅原文,可以定位信息出处。但是pricey这个词并不在课标词汇范围内,根据构词法并和选项比对,可以判断pricey和选项中的price为同根词。根据同义转述原则,可以判断出pricey的含义为“价格高的”,因此可以推断出正确选项。
【答案】C
策略一 运用构词法——扩大词汇圈
新课标对构词法提出了明确的要求:了解词汇的词根、词缀,掌握词性变化规律,在语境中,理解具体词语的功能、词义的内涵和外延,运用构词法,扩充词汇量。所以运用词根和词缀串联记单词,能够帮助考生迅速扩大词汇圈,有效地理解有关主题的信息和观点。
英语构词法主要有三种:
派生法:一个词根加上前缀或者后缀构成另外一个词。一般来说,词根决定词义,前缀改变单词的含义,后缀改变单词的词性。
合成法:两个词或更多的词合成一个词。
转化法:一种词性转化成另外一种或几种词性,即常见的熟词生义或旧词新意。
策略二 强化词块意识——构建有效语义网
根据新课标要求,考生除了要更深入地理解和更广泛地应用已学词汇外,还要重点培养语境中的词块意识。为了提高理解效率,不能单纯依靠单词词义的英汉对应,而是要结合具体主题、在特定语境下进行综合性的理解,所以要运用有效的语义网,迁移词语运用能力,将内化的语块能力应用到阅读理解中。
1. 猜single-use词义
(2021·全国卷乙阅读C)Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to reexamine their relationship to singleuse plastic products.
2. 猜packed up词义
(2021·全国卷甲阅读C)When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless bluesky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
技巧2 一划(二括)“三会意”分析长难句
1.翻译句子
Another institution funded by the National Science Foundation will analyze hundreds of simulations of aerosol injection, testing the effects on weather extremes around the world.
【解析】本句主干是Another institution will analyze aerosol injection;
funded是过去分词作定语修饰institution,意思是资助;
Testing是现在分词作伴随状语,
【答案】另一个由美国国家科学基金会资助的机构将分析数百个气溶胶喷射的模拟,测试其对世界各地极端天气的影响。
【语法链接】have effect/influence/impact on对...有影响
Her words had a magical