阅读理解之推理判断题 《决战中考 》系列教材 2022年中考英语二轮复习题型专项复习

阅读理解之推理判断题 1.题型特点 推理判断题主要考查学生对文章言外之意的理解。这种题目有一定难度,往往不能直接从文中找到答案,而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后,才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理,获取作者在文章中没有直接表述出来的态度、观点等。这种类型的题主要有三种形式:语义推理题、结论推理题和出处推理题。语义推理题要求学生根据文章、段落或句子的表层信息推断出深层含义,比如推断文章或段落的中心思想、句子的言外之意等;结论推理题和出处推理题要求学生根据文章中所列举的事实推断出符合逻辑的结论或文章的出处。 2.推理判断题主要的设问方式 ①It can be inferred/concluded/seen from the passage that... ②Which of the following conclusions can be drawn according to the passage? ③The writer suggests that... ④The writer uses the example of...to show that... ⑤What’s the writer’s attitude toward...? ⑥What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage? ⑦From the passage,we know... ⑧The writer probably agrees that... 3.推理判断题的解题技巧 中考的阅读理解不仅要求考生读懂短文中的每个句子,而且还要求能理解句子之间的内在联系。有的试题要求根据中学生必须具有的常识,对所读的短文进行一定程度的推断;有的试题还要求了解其内在的逻辑关系,从而对所读的内容形成较深层的理解。一般来说,这类问题都不可能直接从原文中找到答案,必须根据原文提供的有关信息,进行合理的推断才能回答。完成推理判断题,通常应注意以下两点: (1)特别留心特定细节 所谓“特定细节”,就是问题所涉及的范围和对象中的细节事实。它一般包括事实根据、名字(人物或地点)、数字(日期或统计数字)、关键词语的其他表达方法(同义词、近义词、反义词)等。 (2)注意作者的语气和态度 作者的语气和态度通常体现在短文所使用的措辞和句式上。要特别注意感情色彩比较浓重的形容词和副词,特别留心短文句子的长度和结构。从措辞上我们可以推断出作者对所讨论话题的态度(肯定或否定,赞成或反对,褒扬或讽刺,喜好或厌恶等);从句式的长短和结构可以判断出作者讨论问题的语气(郑重其事还是轻松活泼,实事求是还是夸大其词,真挚热诚还是冷嘲热讽等)。 （2021常州中考） B In the Spring and Autumn period (475-221 BC) there lived a man called Ji Zha. He was the fourth son of the king of the Kingdom of Wu. Because of Ji Zha’s sticking to righteousness (义) and wide learning, he was his father’s favorite, and the king wanted to make him his heir (继承人). However, Ji Zha refused because he thought the king’s eldest son should be the one to receive the throne. Later, Ji Zha served as an ambassador (外交大臣) of Wu to other kingdoms in China. Once, on a mission to the Kingdom of Lu, Ji Zha passed through the Kingdom of Xu. The king of Xu received him as a friend, and admired the valuable sword (剑) Ji Zha was wearing. Although his host didn’t mention it, Ji Zha could see he wanted to own it very much. However, as he still needed to go to Lu, Ji Zha didn’t give the king of Xu his sword as a present. A