专题 01 名词专题

LESSON 1 名词 【课前检测】(5mins) I.单句语法填空 1.[2020 全国Ⅱ,70]1.Where is ________(Lucy) sweater? I can't see it. 2.[2020全国I,64] The far side of the moon is of particular__________( interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山)... 3.[2020全国Ⅱ，61] Chinese New Year is a _________( celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. 4.[2020北京,7]Now,lots of__________(country)and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them. 5.[2020浙江1月,63]A child born in the US today has________ very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly. 6.[2019 全国I,66]In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements , leading to a_________( believe) that populations are increasing. 7.[2018 浙江 11 月,64] One study showed that_______( woman) who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were more likely to have children with birth defects. II.单句改错 1.I failed to respond to their various question. 2.The teachers often encourage us to make more friend in the school. 3. She's getting married next month and decides to buy some furnitures. 4.She likes shopping at the shoe's shop. 5.The two thing that change your life are the people you meet and the books you read. 一．定义：名词(Noun，简称 n.)是表示人或事物名称的词，它分为普通名词和专有名词两大类。普通名词又可分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词包括个体名词和集体名词，有单数和复数之分;不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，没有复数形式。 二、名词的分类 按照是否可数分类，名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词 1.可数名词即指可以分为个体，且可直接用数目进行计数的名词。如: book, box, potato, knife 2.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时,用单数形式:指两个及以上人或事物时,用复数形式。 可数名词复数的规则变化: 1.一般的名词词尾直接加-s.如: book → books desk → desks boy → boys house → houses day → days cellphone → cellphones 2.以 s,x,ch,sh 结尾的名词，在词尾加-es。如: class→ classes box → boxes watch→ watches brush → brushes 3.以”辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，要先将y 改为i再加-es。如: family → families story → stories city → cities 以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词，直接加s,如： boy → boys day → days