Unit 3 Section Ⅱ LESSON 1 The Sixth Extinction-2021-2022学年新教材高中英语选修第一册【金版新学案】教师用书（北师大版）

Section Ⅱ　LESSON 1 The Sixth Extinction 词语积累 ①wipe out彻底消灭，全部摧毁 ②unusual /ʌn'juːʒuəl/ adj. 特别的，不寻常的，罕见的 [反义]usual adj. 寻常的，通常的 ③varied /'veərid/ adj. 各种各样的，不相同的；多变的 ④volcanic eruption 火山喷发 ⑤asteroid /'æstərɔɪd/ n. [C]小行星 ⑥decrease /dɪ'kriːs/ n. [C，U]减少，降低，减少量 vt.&vi. (使大小、数量等)减少，减小，降低 ⑦be to blame(for sth.)(对坏事)负有责任 blame vt. 归咎于，责怪，指责 ⑧at...rate 以……的速度 rate n．[C]速度；比率 ⑨cause for concern担忧的原因 ⑩based adj. 在……居住(或工作) ⑪ look at思考，考虑，研究 ⑫factory farming 工厂化养殖 ⑬overfishing /ˌəʊvə'ʃɪ/ n. [U]过度捕捞 [构词法]over­可用作前缀，表示“太，过于”。 overproduction n. [U]生产过剩 overconfident adj. 过分自信的，自负的 ⑭affect /ə'fekt/ vt.影响 [辨析] effect n. [C，U]效应，影响 ⑮survival n. [U]生存，存活 survive vi. 生存，存活 ⑯at risk有危险，冒风险 ⑰avoid (doing) sth.避免(做)某事 ⑱take action 采取行动 [近义] take steps/measures 采取措施 ⑲endangered /ɪn'deɪndʒəd/ adj.(物种)有灭种危险的，濒临灭绝的 ⑳solar adj. 太阳能的；太阳的solar energy/power太阳能 in short总之，简言之 [同义] in a word/in brief lay eggs下蛋，产卵 begin a programme 开始一项计划 raise vt. 熟词生义 饲养，培育 hatch vi. 孵化 restore /rɪ'stɔː(r)/ vt. 使复原 habitat /'hæbɪtæt/ n. [C，U](动植物的)生活环境，栖息地 natural habitat 天然栖息地 wildlife habitat 野生动植物的生存环境 Extinctions, where entire species are wiped out① , are not unusual② in our Earth’s history.In fact, over 90 percent of all species that ever lived are now extinct. In the last 500 million years, there have been five times when life on Earth has almost ended. These include the third mass extinction, known as the “Great Dying”， which killed 90% to 96% of all species [1].And the fifth event, which occurred 66 million years ago, caused the death of the dinosaurs. The reasons for extinctions are varied③ . According to scientists, they include volcanic eruptions④， asteroids⑤ hitting the Earth from space, changes in sea levels, the decrease⑥ of the oxygen content of the sea and global warming. Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth’s sixth mass extinction. This time, human activity will be to blame⑦. [1]画线部分中“known as the ‘Great Dying’”为过去分词短语作后置定语，与which引导的非限制性定语从句共同修饰the third mass extinction。　　 Alth