Unit4 单词、短语及句式-2021-2022学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册
Unit 4课文重点单词、短语及重点句式
Part I 课文重点单词
1. rescue n. & vt. 营救；救援
【教材原句】
What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area? 在受灾地区，救援人员和士兵在做什么？
【高考例句】
①（2016北京）Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.
现在，电击训练和医疗正在帮助营救这些大鸟。
②（2017全国1卷）I work with volunteers for wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. 我和野生动物志愿者一起工作，这是一个位于蝗虫谷贝利植物园的救援和教育组织。
【常用搭配】
rescue sb./ sth. from…从……中营救某人/某物
come to sb’s rescue 营救某人
【练一练】
- Firefighters _______________ from a burning building.
消防队员从着火的大楼里救出了一个孩子。
2. damage vt. 损害；破坏 n. 损坏；损失
【教材原句】
Which buildings were damaged in Seoul？首尔哪些建筑物受损？
【高考例句】
（2015北京）But if the damage is caused by the user, you will have to pay for the repair. 但是，如果损坏是由用户造成的，那您必修支付维修费用。
【常用搭配】
do damage to sb/sth对……造成损害
【练一练】
- _____________________________________________________. 吸烟严重损害健康。
- What human did to the environment in the past has done damage _________their living planet now.
3. ruin n. 破坏；毁坏；废墟（多用复数） vt. 破坏；毁坏
【教材原句】
In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. 不到一分钟，一座大城市成为一片废墟。
【高考例句】
（2018全国2卷）Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? 谁会想通过吃垃圾视频来
破坏他们的良好训练呢？
【常用搭配】
in ruins 破坏，成废墟
【练一练】
- _____________________________________________________. 坏天气毁了我们的旅行。
- In a second, the bridge lay in ________(ruin).
4. shock n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.（使）震惊
【教材原句】
People were in shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. 人们惊呆了。接着，在下午晚些时候，唐山又发生了一次大地震。
【经典例句】
（牛津高阶）The local community was shocked by the murders. 当地社会对这些谋杀案感到震惊。
【相关拓展】
be in shock 处于震惊中 shocked adj. 感到震惊的 shocking adj. 令人震惊的
【练一练】
- __________________________________________________. 听到这个令人震惊的消息，我感到很震惊。
- __________________________________________________. 听闻他去世了，我们都处在震惊中。
5. trap vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n. 险境；陷阱
【教材原句】
Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 地震后不久，部队派了15万名战士到唐山将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。
【高考例句】
①（2015湖北）He freed it from the trap. 他把它从陷阱里救了出来。
②（2017江苏）By paying attention to firms’ data assets, antitrust regulators could avoid the size trap. 通过关注公司的数据资产，反垄断监管机构可以避免规模陷阱。
【常用搭配】
be trapped in…… 被困在……中
【练一练】
- Some of the workers _______________ the ruins. 有些工人被困在废墟中。
- _________(trap) in the net, the bird couldn’t fly away.
6. bury vt. 埋葬；安葬
【教材原句】
Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 地震后不久，部队派了15万名战士到唐山将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。
【高考例句】
（2015陕西）Holden cared little where Judy was buried. 霍尔顿并不关心朱迪埋葬的地方所在。
【常用搭配】
bury one’s head / oneself in… = be buried in…专心致志于……
【练一练】
1.__________________________________________________. 我父亲专心致志地看他的报纸。
2.___________(bury) in reading, he didn’t notice the thief enter the house.
3.They sent the injured to the hospital and _________(bury) the dead.
7. supply n. 供应（量）；补给；[pl.] 补给品 vt. 供应；供给
【教材原句】
The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.
向灾区提供的物资是从全国各地收集的。
【经典例句】
We cannot guarantee adequate supplies of raw materials. 我们不能保证提供充足的原料。（牛津）
【常用搭配】
supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb向某人提供某物
【练一练】
- __________________________________________________. 俄罗斯向欧盟国家输送天然气。（天然气 natural gas）
- The volunteers supplied the victims __________food and water.
- On the Mid-autumn Day, our school will supply a mooncake _________each of us.
- deliver
① vt. & vi. 递送；传达
【教材原句】
However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，危险的状况和被毁坏的道路将使运送食物和供应品变得困难。
【高考例句】
（2017浙江）I finally quit delivering newspapers and didn’t see Mrs. 我最终停止了送报纸，没有见到夫人。
② vt. 发表
【高考例句】
（2018全国3卷）He was just saying: “I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!” once his message was delivered, he allowed me to stay and watch. 他只是说：“我是这个森林的国王，这是您的提醒！”一旦他的信息发出，就让我留下来观看。
③ vt. 接生；生（小孩）
Lin Qiaozhi often went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family. 林巧稚经常在深夜去为贫苦家庭的产妇接生。
【常用搭配】
deliver a letter/message 送信，传话 deliver a speech 发表演讲 deliver a baby 接生
【练一练】
1.____________________________ about the economic development. 总统将就经济发展发表讲话。
2.On a stormy night, his mother ____________(deliver) his sister.
3. The ___________(deliver) of the parcel will be arranged tomorrow morning.
9. power n．能力；力量；权力