第十三章 定语从句精讲与精练（学生版+教师版）-2022届高考高三英语复习

第十三章 定语从句精讲与精练 一、定语从句从句讲前练：在空格处填入适当的词 I have a dog, [1]_____ears are long.I often walk it in the park, [2]________ the air is fresh and heavy with the smell of beautiful flowers. The reason [3]_________ I am fond of walking my dog is that it does good to its health.However, there was a time [4]_________I hated walking the dog. At one time,we lived in an old house [5]________was located on the river bank.There was an atmosphere [6]______made me upset.The dog barked loudly at night, [7]_______made me unable to sleep.And therefore, I got angry with it. But now things have changed a lot. We live in a comfortable house with a big yard, [8]________ the dog has more freedom to enjoy itself. It has a sharp sense of smell, of [9]______I feel proud. [10]__________is often the case, the dog is loyal to me. Keys:  1.whose 2.where 3.why 4.when 5.which/that 6.which/that 7.which 8.where 9.which 10.As 二、定语从句考点精讲： 定语从句考点1、定语从句的基本概念 1.定语从句起形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的名词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词,关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。 EG1：The man who is talking to our English teacher is Tom’s father. 2.关系词的作用： ①放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用; ②在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致; ③指代先行词的作用，关系代词的含义就是先行词的含义，关系副词的含义等于介词+先行词的含义。 EG2：This is the factory where（in which）his father once worked. 这是我父亲曾经工作的工厂。 【解析】关系词where/in which 除了连接主句“This is the factory”与从句“his father once worked”外，还在从句中作地点状语，而且指代先行词，相当于in the factory. EG3：We should do all that is useful to the people. 我们应该做一切有益于人民的事情。 【解析】关系词that除了连接主句“We should do all”和从句“is useful to the people”外，还在从句中作主语，而且指代先行词all。 3.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 EG4: Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college. 【限制性定语从句】 她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。 （隐含意思：或许不止一个哥哥） EG5:Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college. 【非限制性定语从句】 她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。（隐含意思：她只有一个哥哥） 注意： ①限制性定语从句与主句之间没有逗号分开，非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开。有无逗号是区分它们的标志。 ②注意定语从句的翻译：限制性定语从句翻译成“......的......”; 而非限制性定语从句翻译成两个句子。 ③限制性定语从句是对现行词的修饰和限定，作宾语的关系代词可以省略；而非限制性定语从句是对先行词的补充和说明，关系词不可以省略。 对比练习 1.I am reading Harry Porter, _