内容正文:
Period Three Grammar and usage
Learning Aims(学习目标)
1.Learn grammar—Subject-verb agreement.(重点难点)
2.Learn some important words:adapt,regard.(重点难点)
Activity 1 读文探究
阅读教材P6的一段短文,完成下题。
主语+谓语动词单数:
Everyone was;its old age shows;The new film uses;not only the animals but also the jungle is;Building the jungle environment on the computer was;The Jungle Book lasts;there is enough tension and humour;Two hours seems
主语+谓语动词复数:
its film team members were;Mowgli and his animal friends live
Activity 2 感悟规律
(1)主谓一致是指句子的谓语在人称和单复数上要与主语保持一致。
(2)当主语为可数名词单数,不可数名词,表示书名、著作的专有名词、动名词、不定代词、或表时间、距离、金钱的复数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。当主语为可数名词的复数形式或由and连接的两个或两个以上的并列成分时,谓语动词用复数形式。
(3)not only...but also...连接并列主语或由there、here 引出的主语不止一个时,谓语动词的单复数与临近的主语保持一致。
Activity 3 语法精析
主谓一致是指句子主语和谓语在“人称”和“数”方面保持一致,即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语人称和数的变化而变化。
英语中的主谓一致常见的有下列几种情况:
一、语法一致原则
语法一致原则是指主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。
1.主语是单数,谓语动词用单数;主语是复数,谓语动词用复数。
The results of the exam are to be announced soon.
考试结果将很快被公布。
His advice has been accepted.
他的建议已被接受。
2.动名词短语、动词不定式短语、单个从句作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。
Reading aloud is good for us to learn English.
大声朗读对我们学习英语有好处。
To see is to believe.眼见为实。
When we can go out freely has not been decided yet.
我们什么时候能自由出行还未决定。
3.复合不定代词anyone,somebody,everything,nothing 等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
If anyone sees Mary,ask her to come to my office.
如果有人看见玛丽,请她到我办公室来。
4.“many a+单数名词/more than one+单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Many a student comes into the classroom.
很多学生进了教室。
More than one student wants to join the army.
不止一个学生想参军。
二、意义一致原则
意义一致原则是指形单意复的名词或形复意单的名词要根据其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数。
1.当people,police,cattle等词作主语时,谓语动词往往用复数。
The police are searching for the missing child.
警察正在寻找那个失踪的孩子。
2.表示时间、金钱、距离、体积、重量、面积等的复数名词作主语时,通常将其视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数。
Two miles is too far for the child.
两英里路程对这个小孩来说太远了。
3.“the+形容词”表示一类人,在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
The rich are to help the poor.
富人要帮助穷人。
4.表示国人总称的the Chinese,the British等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
The Chinese are hard-working.
中国人民是勤劳的。
5.以-s结尾但意义为单数的news,maths,physics等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Politics is a difficult subject for many students.
对许多学生来说,政治是一门困难的学科。