内容正文:
Unit 1 Lights,Camera,Action!
重点语法主谓一致
一、单句语法填空
1.These means of travel (be) popular among the young people.
2.Seven people out of ten(=in ten) (have) received middle school education.
3.He rather than you (be) to blame for the accident.
4.A large quantity of books (donate) to the rural school last month.
5.Many a college student (be) sent to the poor area to help the children there last month.
6.Littering in rivers and lakes (do) great harm to the ecosystem.
7.The number of students who are wearing glasses in our class (be) 39.
8.Here (be) what you should think about before downloading an app for language learning.
9.Not only Tom but also I (see) the new movie tomorrow.
10.He as well as his team (award) the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology the other day.
11.Not only you and I but Peter, the top student in our grade, (be) not able to solve the problem now.
12.The girl, as well as her friends (enjoy) the sweet music.
13.The director said that not only the animals but also the jungle (be) digitally created.
14.There (be) many flowers on sale in the market, but the variety of what he prefers is limited.
15.Five hundred dollars (be) more than he can afford.
16.The young (be) the vital forces in our society.
17.My father, together with some of his old friends, (be) there already.
18.Many a student (realize) the importance of learning a foreign language.
19.War and peace (be) a constant theme in history.
20.Over 70 percent of the population in this province (be) farmers.
21.Each teacher and each scientist (be) invited to take part in the conference.
22.Listening to loud music at rock concerts (have) caused hearing loss among some teenagers.
23.Dr Smith, together with his wife and daughters, (be) going to visit Beijing this summer.
24.Either you or one of your students (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
25.Laying eggs (be) the ant queen’s full-time job.
26.My family (be) a small one with three people.
27.The police (be) looking for the criminals now.
28.Up to now, neither the actors nor the director (know) the outcome of the selection.
29.The teacher and writer (prefer) to encourage students with inspiring stories.
30.Two-fifths of our students (admit) to the well-known university so far.
31.The number of campus bookstores in this city (jump) from a few to over 100 in the past three years.
32.I think Tom rather than you (be) to blame.
33.Exchanging ideas (be) a good way to have a better understanding of each other.
34.Dancing and skating (be) her hobbies so she feels happy.
35.Neither I nor your father (agree) to your plan, so you’d better make a more practical one.
36.Neither you nor I (be) equal to the job, because it calls for work experience.
37.A great deal of time (be) wasted playing but ought to have been made full use of.
38.A large number of supplies (send) to the countries struck by the earthquake so far.
39.There (be) a variety of theme parks in the world.
40.“To be, or not to be” (refer) to the choices to be made between dying or continuing to live.
二、完成句子
41.不仅学生们反对这个计划,这个老师也反对。(not only...but also...)
the students the teacher against the plan.
42. he I to go to the laboratory.
不是他就是我要去实验室。
43.当时张先生和两位年轻的机械师负责那个项目。
Mr Zhang, two young mechanics, in charge of the project then.
44.More than one boy .
不止一个孩子已经读过这个故事。
45.As a teacher, learning to be patient .
作为一名教师,学会有耐心是非常重要的。
46.Doing eye exercises to protect our eyes.
做眼保健操是保护我们眼睛有用的方法之一。
47.昨天商店里人如潮涌。
in the shops yesterday.
48.Physics once you understand the rules.
一旦你理解了规则,物理就不难学了。
49.如今,骑自行车和慢跑、游泳一样被认为是最好的运动方式之一。
Nowadays, one of the best forms of exercise.
50. ; this is to say, not both of you are right.
要么他对,要么你对,也就是说,不是你们两个都对。
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试卷第1页,共3页
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Unit 1 Lights,Camera,Action!
重点语法主谓一致
一、单句语法填空
1.These means of travel (be) popular among the young people.
【答案】are
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:这些旅行方式很受年轻人欢迎。主语“These means”中,“means”是单复数同形的名词,此处被“These”(这些)修饰,表复数概念;句子描述客观事实,用一般现在时,因此be动词用are。故填are。
2.Seven people out of ten(=in ten) (have) received middle school education.
【答案】have
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:十个人中有七个人接受过中学教育。分析句子可知,主语“Seven people out of ten”表示“十人中的七人”,核心词为“people”,是复数概念,且句子为现在完成时,助动词用have,符合语境。故填have。
3.He rather than you (be) to blame for the accident.
【答案】is/was
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这次事故该受责备的是他而不是你。当rather than连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词需要与rather than前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。句子描述的是一般情况或过去情况,所以用一般现在时或一般过去时。故填is/was。
4.A large quantity of books (donate) to the rural school last month.
【答案】were donated
【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:上个月,大量的书被捐赠给了那所农村学校。空处作句子的谓语,根据“last month”可知,句子在叙述过去发生的事情,时态应用一般过去时,donate“捐赠”和主语A large quantity of books之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且“a large quantity of+可数名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。故填were donated。
5.Many a college student (be) sent to the poor area to help the children there last month.
【答案】was
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:上个月,许多大学生被派往贫困地区帮助那里的孩子。句中时间状语last month表明动作发生在过去,故谓语应用一般过去时。主语是Many a college student,“many a + 单数可数名词”形式上为单数,其谓语动词需用单数形式 (意义上表示复数,许多...)。故填was。
6.Littering in rivers and lakes (do) great harm to the ecosystem.
【答案】does
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:向河流和湖泊中乱扔垃圾对生态系统危害极大。句子描述的是客观事实,需用一般现在时态,主语是动名词短语Littering in rivers and lakes,所以空处需用第三人称单数形式does。故填does。
7.The number of students who are wearing glasses in our class (be) 39.
【答案】is
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:我们班戴眼镜的学生人数是39人。陈述事实用一般现在时,主语为The number of students,表示“学生的数量”,谓语用单数。故填is。
8.Here (be) what you should think about before downloading an app for language learning.
【答案】is
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:以下是你应该在下载语言学习应用程序之前应该考虑的事情。句子描述现在的一般情况,应用一般现在时,句子为完全倒装结构,主语为what引导的主语从句what you should think about before downloading an app for language learning,该从句为单数意义,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
9.Not only Tom but also I (see) the new movie tomorrow.
【答案】am going to see/will see
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:除了汤姆,我明天也要去看这部新电影。根据时间状语tomorrow可知,此处为一般将来时,可用will+动词原形结构,或be going to do sth结构;not only… but also…连接并列成分作主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则,此处应与I保持人称和数的一致。故填am going to see/will see。
10.He as well as his team (award) the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology the other day.
【答案】was awarded
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:前几天,他和他的团队因生理学成就获得诺贝尔奖。设空处为句子的谓语,根据时间状语the other day可知,此处应用一般过去时;主语和award之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;主语后跟 as well as短语时,谓语动词的数要和as well as短语前的主语的数保持一致,故此处谓语动词的数应和He保持一致,故用单数形式。故填was awarded。
11.Not only you and I but Peter, the top student in our grade, (be) not able to solve the problem now.
【答案】is
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:不仅你和我,还有我们年级的尖子生彼得,现在都解不出这道题。分析句子可知,设空处为谓语动词,“not only...but also...”连接两个主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”,即与离其最近的主语保持一致,此处离谓语最近的主语是Peter,为第三人称单数,且根据now可知应用一般现在时。故填is。
12.The girl, as well as her friends (enjoy) the sweet music.
【答案】enjoys
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这个女孩和她的朋友们都喜欢这悦耳的音乐。句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,as well as连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词根据前面的主语来定,即根据The girl来定,The girl是单数,因此空格处用第三人称单数,故填enjoys。
13.The director said that not only the animals but also the jungle (be) digitally created.
【答案】was
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:导演说,不仅是动物,整个丛林也都是数码制作的。根据句子结构可知,主句的谓语动词said为动词过去式,所以设空处应用动词过去式;从句主语是由“not only … but also …”连接,谓语动词的单复数要与邻近的主语一致,jungle是单数形式。故填was。
14.There (be) many flowers on sale in the market, but the variety of what he prefers is limited.
【答案】are
【详解】考查there be句型。句意:市场上有很多花在出售,但他喜欢的品种有限。分析句子结构可知,此处为there be句型,be动词的单复数形式应与后面的主语保持一致,本句中主语是“many flowers”,为复数形式,且根据后半句的谓语动词“is limited”可知,句子描述的是现在的情况,应用一般现在时,因此,be动词应用are。故填are。
15.Five hundred dollars (be) more than he can afford.
【答案】is
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:五百美元超出了他的承受能力。“Five hundred dollars”表示金额,作为整体概念时,谓语动词用单数形式。结合语境可知,此处描述客观情况,用一般现在时。故填is。
16.The young (be) the vital forces in our society.
【答案】are
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:年轻人是我们社会中的重要力量。这里考查谓语动词,此空时态应用一般现在时表客观情况,the young,指“年轻人”这一群体,作主语时视为复数概念,谓语动词用are。故填are。
17.My father, together with some of his old friends, (be) there already.
【答案】has been
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我父亲和他的一些老朋友已经去过那里了。根据already可知,句子时态应用现在完成时。together with连接前后两个主语时,谓语动词应和前面的那个主语保持一致。主语My father是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词用has。故填has been。
18.Many a student (realize) the importance of learning a foreign language.
【答案】has realized
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:许多学生都意识到了学习一门外语的重要性。空格处是谓语动词,句子强调一种影响或结果应该用现在完成时;“many a+单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。故填has realized。
19.War and peace (be) a constant theme in history.
【答案】is
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:战争与和平是历史上一个永恒的主题。提示词be作谓语,描述一般性的事实,用一般现在时态,主语“War and peace”作为一个整体概念,表示“战争与和平”这一主题,谓语动词要用单数形式。故填is。
20.Over 70 percent of the population in this province (be) farmers.
【答案】are
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:这个省超过70%的人口是农民。描述一般事实用一般现在时。“百分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于其中的名词,通常population如果指具体的人,谓语动词用复数,如果强调人口的整体概念,谓语动词用单数;在本句中,population指的是具体的人,即超过70%的“人”是农民,所以谓语动词要用复数形式。故填are。
21.Each teacher and each scientist (be) invited to take part in the conference.
【答案】was
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:每位老师和每位科学家都被邀请参加会议。句子描述的是过去的情况,应用一般过去时,“each...and each...”作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,be动词使用was,与空后的invited构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填was。
22.Listening to loud music at rock concerts (have) caused hearing loss among some teenagers.
【答案】has
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:在摇滚音乐会上听过于响亮的音乐导致了一些青少年出现了听力损伤的情况。主语Listening to loud music at rock concerts为动名词,谓语用三单形式。此处用助动词has和caused构成现在完成时。故填has。
23.Dr Smith, together with his wife and daughters, (be) going to visit Beijing this summer.
【答案】is
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:史密斯博士和他的妻子和女儿们今年夏天要去北京旅游。当主语后面跟有together with, along with, as well as, like, rather than, no less than, except, but等连接的词组时,其谓语动词的单复数形式要与主语保持一致。本句中主语是Dr Smith,为单数形式,且根据时间状语this summer可知,句子描述的是将来的计划,be going to结构可以表示按照计划或安排将要发生的事情,be动词用is。故填is。
24.Either you or one of your students (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
【答案】is
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:要么你,要么你的一个学生要参加明天的会议。either...or...连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词需遵循“就近原则”,即与离谓语动词最近的主语保持一致。本句中离谓语动词较近的主语是one of your students,为单数形式,且根据“that is due tomorrow”可知,句子描述的是将来的情况,be to do结构表示按照计划或安排将要发生的事情,所以be动词用is。故填is。
25.Laying eggs (be) the ant queen’s full-time job.
【答案】is
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:产卵是蚁后的全职工作。描述客观事实用一般现在时。动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数,故填is。
26.My family (be) a small one with three people.
【答案】is
【详解】考查时态、主谓一致。句意:我的家庭是一个有三个人的小家庭。本句描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,且主语My family指的是家庭这个整体,因此应视为第三人称单数,be动词用is。故is。
27.The police (be) looking for the criminals now.
【答案】are
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:警察现在正在寻找罪犯。结合句意和now可知,句子用现在进行时,主语为集体名词the police,此处表示很多警察,谓语动词用复数形式。故填are。
28.Up to now, neither the actors nor the director (know) the outcome of the selection.
【答案】has known
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,演员和导演都不知道评选结果。由Up to now可知,句子时态是现在完成时,neither...nor...连接并列主语时,谓语动词的形式根据就近原则来确定,即根据the director确定,the director是单数,因此空格处是has known。故填has known。
29.The teacher and writer (prefer) to encourage students with inspiring stories.
【答案】prefers
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:这位老师兼作家更喜欢用鼓舞人心的故事来鼓励学生。此处为句子的谓语,根据上下文的语境,这里描述的是一个一般的习惯或偏好,所以应该使用一般现在时,句子的主语the teacher and writer,指同一个人拥有两种身份,因此谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填prefers。
30.Two-fifths of our students (admit) to the well-known university so far.
【答案】have been admitted
【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,我们的学生中有五分之二被著名大学录取。空处是句子的谓语动词,根据时间状语so far判断应用现在完成时,主语students与admit之间是被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态,主语“Two-fifths of our students”为分数修饰复数名词,谓语动词用复数,故助动词用have。故填have been admitted。
31.The number of campus bookstores in this city (jump) from a few to over 100 in the past three years.
【答案】has jumped
【详解】考查现在完成时,主谓一致。句意:在过去的三年里,这个城市校园书店的数量从几家猛增到100多家。根据句中时间状语“in the past three years(在过去的三年里)”可知,本句为现在完成时,主语he number of 为单数意义,因此谓语需要使用单数形式。故填has jumped。
32.I think Tom rather than you (be) to blame.
【答案】is
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我认为该受责备的是汤姆而不是你。结合句意及think可知,此处使用一般现在时,rather than连接并列主语时,谓语动词和rather than前面的主语保持一致,Tom表示单数意义,故填is。
33.Exchanging ideas (be) a good way to have a better understanding of each other.
【答案】is
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:交换想法是更好地了解彼此的好方法。句子描述客观事实用一般现在时,主语是动名词短语exchanging ideas,be动词用is。故填is。
34.Dancing and skating (be) her hobbies so she feels happy.
【答案】are
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:跳舞和滑冰是她的爱好所以她感觉开心。and连接并列主语看成复数,并且根据句意以及“feels”可知本句为一般现在时,所以动词“be”的正确形式是“are”。故填are。
35.Neither I nor your father (agree) to your plan, so you’d better make a more practical one.
【答案】agrees
【详解】考查就近原则。句意:我和你爸爸都不同意你的计划,所以你最好制定一个更实际的计划。这里时态应用一般现在时表客观情况,neither...nor...结构用于连接两个并列成分,表示“两者都不”。在这个结构中,谓语动词的形式取决于最近的一个主语。your father离谓语动词最近,所以此空动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填agrees。
36.Neither you nor I (be) equal to the job, because it calls for work experience.
【答案】am
【详解】考查就近原则。句意:你和我都不能胜任这份工作,因为它要求工作经验。neither nor连接名词时,谓语动词就近原则,be动词应跟随第一人称I,故填am 。
37.A great deal of time (be) wasted playing but ought to have been made full use of.
【答案】was
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:玩游戏浪费了很多时间,但应该充分利用。这里考查谓语动词,主语A great deal of time为不可数名词,且由后文ought to have been done(原本应该被做)可知,这里对过去假设,所以这里时态应用一般过去时,此空应填was与后文wasted构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填was。
38.A large number of supplies (send) to the countries struck by the earthquake so far.
【答案】have been sent
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意:到目前为止,已有许多物资被送往发生地震的国家。此处为句子的谓语动词,根据时间状语so far可知,此处应为现在完成时,句子主语 A large number of supplies 和 send 之间为被动关系,因此,使用现在完成时的被动语态,且句子主语为名词复数,所以谓语动词用复数形式。故填 have been sent 。
39.There (be) a variety of theme parks in the world.
【答案】is
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:世界上有各种各样的主题公园。本句是 There be句型,“a variety of +复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is。
40.“To be, or not to be” (refer) to the choices to be made between dying or continuing to live.
【答案】refers
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:“生存还是毁灭”指的是在死亡和继续活下去之间做出的选择。分析句意可知,本句时态为一般现在时,又因为主语“To be, or not to be”是动词不定式,看作是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词应该用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填refers。
二、完成句子
41.不仅学生们反对这个计划,这个老师也反对。(not only...but also...)
the students the teacher against the plan.
【答案】 Not only but also is
【详解】考查并列连词和主谓一致。根据句意,此处表示“不仅……而且……”为“not only...but also...”连接两个并列主语,位于句首单词首字母需大写,且谓语动词遵循“就近原则”,即与靠近谓语的主语保持一致,靠近谓语的主语是“the teacher”为第三人称单数,且句子描述客观情况用一般现在时,所以谓语动词用is。故填①Not only;②but also;③is。
42. he I to go to the laboratory.
不是他就是我要去实验室。
【答案】 Either or am
【详解】考查固定短语和主谓一致。“不是……就是……”使用either...or...,连接并列的主语,谓语遵循“就近原则”,此处是描述一个事实,使用一般现在时,较近的主语是I,be动词使用am。句首单词首字母大写,故填①Either②or③am。
43.当时张先生和两位年轻的机械师负责那个项目。
Mr Zhang, two young mechanics, in charge of the project then.
【答案】 as well as was
【详解】考查固定短语,时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知,空格处意为“和”,用固定短语as well as,in charge of是介词短语,前面要加系动词be,句子描述过去的事情,时态用一般过去时,as well as连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词根据前面的主语来确定,即根据Mr Zhang来定,Mr Zhang是单数,因此be动词用was。故填as,well,as,was。
44.More than one boy .
不止一个孩子已经读过这个故事。
【答案】has read the story
【详解】考查主谓一致和动词时态。当“more than one + 单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;“已经读过”表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响,应用现在完成时,read 的过去分词为read。故填has read the story。
45.As a teacher, learning to be patient .
作为一名教师,学会有耐心是非常重要的。
【答案】is very important
【详解】考查主谓一致。中英文句子对比可知,空处应填“是非常重要的”。句子陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,句子主语为动名词短语“learning to be patient”,动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数形式,“是”用be动词is,“非常重要的”用very important作表语。故填is very important。
46.Doing eye exercises to protect our eyes.
做眼保健操是保护我们眼睛有用的方法之一。
【答案】is a useful way
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。根据中英文提示,空格处需填入“是有用的方法之一”,译为be a useful way,“Doing eye exercises”为动名词短语作主语,谓语动词用单数,讲述一般事实用一般现在时,故填is a useful way。
47.昨天商店里人如潮涌。
in the shops yesterday.
【答案】There were masses of/a mass of people
【详解】考查固定句型,时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知,空格处意为“人如潮涌”,也就是“有很多人”,“有”用there be句型,由yesterday可知,时态用一般过去时,“很多人”是masses of/a mass of people,为复数,因此be动词用were,位于句首的单词首字母大写。故填There were masses of/a mass of people。
48.Physics once you understand the rules.
一旦你理解了规则,物理就不难学了。
【答案】is easy to learn
【详解】考查动词时态,主谓一致和固定短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“不难学”,可用短语be easy to do,表示“做某事容易”,句子陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语是学科名称,是单数名词,be动词用is,“学”应用动词learn。故填is easy to learn。
49.如今,骑自行车和慢跑、游泳一样被认为是最好的运动方式之一。
Nowadays, one of the best forms of exercise.
【答案】cycling together with/along with/with/as well as jogging and swimming is considered as
【详解】考查固定搭配和主谓一致。句子描述客观情况,用一般现在时;“骑自行车和慢跑、游泳一样”翻译为cycling together with/along with/with/as well as jogging and swimming,作主语,谓语动词和cycling保持一致,用单数形式;“被认为是”翻译为be considered as,此处be动词用is。故填cycling together with/along with/with/as well as jogging and swimming is considered as。
50. ; this is to say, not both of you are right.
要么他对,要么你对,也就是说,不是你们两个都对。
【答案】Either he or you are right
【详解】考查并列连词和主谓一致。根据句意,此处表示“要么他对,要么你对”,所以应为either…or…连接并列主语,位于句首,either首字母需大写,表示“他”为he,表示“你”为you,,表示“对”为right,作表语,所以谓语动词应为be动词,either…or…连接并列主语时,谓语动词使用就近原则,所以be动词取决于you,根据下文中的are可知,此处使用一般现在时,所以be动词应为are。故填Either he or you are right。
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