2022届高考英语语法复习 名词性从句之宾语从句学案

宾语从句 知识讲解 1. 概念: 宾语从句是一种非常常见但又非常复杂的从句,它涉及到多方面的知识点,如时态,语序,连接词等,因而一直是英语学习的一个难点.置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句.在动词后面的叫动词的宾语从句. The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. 2.动词的宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有: 连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if 代词:who, whose, what ,which 副词:when ,where, how, why 等. He told me that he would go to the college the next year他告诉我他下一年上大学. Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试. 3.特点 1)大多数及物动词,部分"动词+副词"结构,动词短语(如 make sure、keep in mind等)后面可以跟宾语从句. He told me that he would go to the college the next year他告诉我他下一年上大学. I don't know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车. Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试. 2)形式宾语it可以用来代替宾语从句,主要由三种情况: ①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置. I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的. I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯. We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater. 我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要. ②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to. He will have it that our plan is really practical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行. We take it that you will agree with us.我们认为你会同意我们的. When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置. ③若宾语从句是wh﹣类,则不可用it代替 We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的. We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的. 介词的宾语从句 1. 概念: 置于介词后面起宾语作用的从句叫介词的宾语从句.宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序. 2. 结构: 介词+从句 Pay attention to what you are doing. 注意你做的事. It all depends on how you handle it. 这都取决于你如何处理. 3. 用法: 介词后接从句作宾语时,注意以下用法: 1)接连接代词引导的宾语从句.如: I was rather angry at what he said. 我对他说的话相当生气. We had a difference of opinion over who had won. 我们在究竟是谁获胜的问题上发生了争执. 2)接连接副词引导的宾语从句.如: It all depends on how you handle it. 这都取决于你如何处理. There's a limit to how much I'm prepared to spend. 我准备花多少钱是有限度的. The accident happened right next to where we were standing. 事故就发生在我们所站位置的旁边. 3)接连词whether引