Unit 3 Period Ⅲ Grammar and usage（word教参）-【优化探究】2021-2022学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册配套教参（译林版）

Period Ⅲ　Grammar and usage 授课提示：对应学生用书第51页 动词­ing形式和动词­ed形式作表语 ①The story is terrifying. ②The news is encouraging. ③The students are fully prepared. ④Her job is teaching English in a senior high school. ⑤He seemed quite delighted at the news. ⑥Her job is looking after the sick old people. ⑦She felt satisfied with her performance on the high­and­low bars. ⑧As I wandered in the National Gallery, I was amazed to see all the paintings. ⑨It was surprising then to see so many people viewing important and precious artworks through their smartphones. [我的发现] 1．句①②④⑥⑨为动词­ing形式作表语，其中①②⑨表示主语具有的特性，④⑥表示说明主语的内容。 2．句③⑤⑦⑧为动词­ed形式作表语，其中③说明主语的状态，⑤⑦⑧说明主语具有的特征。 动词的­ed形式作表语 1．动词的­ed形式在连系动词后作表语，说明主语的状态。 When we got there, the shop was closed. 我们到那儿时，商店已经关门了。 The land remained unexploited. 这片土地尚未开发。 Hearing the news，he looked disappointed. 听到这个消息，他看起来非常失望。 The top of the mountain is covered with snow all through the year. 山顶上终年积雪覆盖。 比较： 要把­ed形式作表语和被动语态区别开来。作表语的­ed形式表示状态，被动语态中的­ed形式表示被动动作。 All the doors are locked. 所有的门都是锁着的。 (­ed形式作表语，表示状态) All the doors were locked by the guard. 所有的门都被门卫锁上了。(被动语态，表示动作) Peter the Great is buried here. 彼得大帝就埋葬在这里。(­ed形式作表语，表示状态) Peter the Great was buried here in 1725. 彼得大帝于1725年被埋葬在这里。(被动语态，表示动作) 2．同一动词的­ed形式与­ing形式作表语时的区别。 动词的­ed形式作表语，主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态，含有被动的意思，而动词的­ing形式作表语多表示主语具有的特征，含有主动的意思。 They were frightened to hear the frightening sound. 他们听到那可怕的声音很害怕。 At the sight of the moving scene, all the people present were moved. 看到这么动人的情景，所有在场的人都感动了。 提示：上述动词的­ed形式，有的(如pleased, tired, excited，disappointed等)已经变成形容词，可以被very, too等副词修饰。有的(如amused, puzzled, relaxed等) 还不能被very, too修饰，只能被much修饰。 These problems are very puzzling. 这些问题很令人迷惑。 We are much puzzled by his failure to reply. 他不给我们回信使我们百思不得其解。 His speech was very moving. 他的演讲非常感人。 All the people present were moved to tears. 在场的所有人都被感动得流泪了。 动词的­ing形式作表语 1．表示抽象的一般性行为，用来说明主语的内容，与主语通常是同一个概念。当v.­ing作表语时，表语和主语的位置可以互换。 Her father's job is teaching at school.＝Teaching at school is her father's job. 她爸爸的工作