第4讲 形容词和副词（教案）-冲刺2021年中考英语二轮复习专题突破

课程主题：形容词和副词

学习目标

1.掌握形容词和副词的基本用法

2.掌握形容词和副词的三级变化

教学内容

【课前检测】

建议5min

1. Harry keeps exercising every morning．As a result，he's a few kilos ____________ (轻的) than he used to be.

2. Black tea was invented in China as a way to keep tea __________ (新鲜的) when it was transported long distance.                                                                        

3. The school library is________(开放的) Monday through Friday, 9 a.m to 6 p.m.           

4. Stephen was__________(忙碌的) with the report on giant pandas last week.                

5. Millie lives on a healthy diet. She__________ (很少) has sweet snacks.                   

6. Anna doesn’t like playing computer games. Sometimes she does it __________ (simple) to relax.

7. The first computers were built in the 1940s, they were even ___________ (big) than cars.

8. Healthy food and plenty of vitamins are good for your memory to work ____________ (proper).

9. Many students are ___________ (happy) with too much homework. They need more time for their hobbies.

10.We think Samuel is the most suitable person to be our monitor because he does everything ________ (careful)．

【答案】1.lighter 2.fresh 3.open 4.busy 5.seldom

6.simply 7.bigger 8.properly 9.unhappy 10.carefully

【课堂导学】

建议10min

【知识点梳理】

建议70min

【中考考纲】

1、形容词(包括比较级和最高级)

2、副词(包括比较级和最高级)

【近三年南京中考真题】

【知识梳理1】

形容词的用法

1．形容词用以修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征，在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语。

You must keep your eyes closed when you do eye exercise.(宾补)

当你做眼保健操时，必须闭上眼睛。

There are many colourful coral reefs under the sea.(定语)

海底有许多色彩斑斓的珊瑚礁。

Mother looked happy when she received our presents.(表语)

妈妈收到我们的礼物时很高兴。

2．形容词作定语时，一般要放在被修饰的名词前，不定代词或副词后。但enough既可放在被修饰的名词前，也可放在被修饰的名词后。

The boy is old enough to go to school.

这个男孩已足够大能去上学了。

He has something  interesting to tell his mother.

他有一些有趣的事要告诉他妈妈。

3．基数词可与名词(用连字符相连)构成复合形容词，用作定语。这时名词总是用单数，而且这个复合形容词总是放在被修饰的名词前，常表示时间、度量等。如：a 5-­year-­old girl

4．有些形容词只能用作表语，不能作定语。

这类形容词主要有afraid，alone，asleep，alive，awake，ill等。

5．有些以­ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。如：friendly，lively，silly，lovely等。

6．以­ing结尾的形容词通常修饰物，以­ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人。如：interesting(有趣的)，interested(感兴趣的)

7．“the＋形容词”表示一类人或物。如：the poor(穷人)等。

8．一些表示情感的表语形容词后可接动词不定式。如：

 glad,  happy,  pleased

 sorry,  sad,  sure , keen

             +to do sth.

be ready,  afraid,  able

 easy,  difficult

9．常见形容词的近义词归类。

large—big，glad—happy/pleased，clever—bright，

dear—expensive，broken—worn out，hard—difficult，

fine—well，ill—sick，nice—kind/fine/good/beautiful，

alone—lonely

10．常见形容词的反义词归类。

bad—good，big—small，large—small，black—white，

busy—free，cold—hot，cool—warm，dead—living/alive，

dry—wet，empty—full，fast—slow，high—low，

ill—well，little—much，open—closed，same—different，

safe—dangerous，southern—northern，less—more，

least—most，worse—better，worst—best，cheap—dear/expensive，

easy—hard/difficult，possible—impossible，

happy—unhappy/sad，early—late

【例题精讲】

1.He has read many books on history，so it's ________for him to answer these questions.

A.hard      B.Impossible         C.easy    D.serious

【解析】本题考查形容词的词义辨析。hard“困难的”；impossible“不可能的”；easy“容易的”；serious“严重的”。句意为“他读了许多关于历史的书，因此对他来说回答这些问题很容易。”故选C。

【答案】C

2.—Have you ever seen the movie called Los Angeles 2011?

—Yes，but I think it's ________.I fell asleep when I saw it.

A.exciting    B.boring    C.bored   D.excited

【解析】本题考查分词形容词的用法。­ing形式的形容词表示事物本身具有某种性质及对人的影响；­ed形式的形容词多指人对事物的感受。由答语中第二句的句意“当我看它时睡着了”知那部电影对“我”来说很无聊，故选B。

【答案】B

3.—Terra，you shouldn't be so ________.You always leave your things here and there.

—Sorry，mom.I'll put them away soon.

A.terrified    B.cheerful        C.careless    D.frightened

【解析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。terrified“恐怖的”；cheerful“振奋的”；careless“粗心的”；frightened“害怕的”。由空格后面句子的句意“你总是到处丢东西”知Terra的妈妈在劝告Terra不应该那么粗心，故选C。

【答案】C

4.—I'm really ________before the exam.

—Take it easy.You are the best.