2021届新高考高中英语外刊《经济学人》尖子生讲义[B10]提升篇（词汇语法解析阅读写作积累）

2021年新高考高中英语外刊《经济学人》尖子生讲义[B10] 提升篇 （适合学有余力的学霸或英语爱好者、教师使用） （含词汇讲解、长难句解析、翻译技巧、背景知识、写作积累：均由阿满编写） 原文（续[B09]） Despite these caveats, it is a fair bet that open borders would lead to very large flows of people. The gap between rich and poor countries globally is much wider than the gap between the richest and less-rich countries within Europe, and most poor countries are not Pacific-island paradises. Many are violent as well as poor, or have oppressive governments. 尽管有这些因素，开放边界仍然很可能导致大规模的人员流动。全球贫富差距远大于欧洲内部最富国和不那么富裕的国家之间的差距。大多数穷国并非太平洋海岛上的乐土，许多国家不但穷，还充斥暴力或有压迫的政府。 Also, migration is, in the jargon, “path-dependent”. It starts with a trickle: the first person to move from country A to country B typically arrives in a place where no one speaks his language or knows the right way to cook noodles. But the second migrant—who may be his brother or cousin—has someone to show him around. As word spreads on the diaspora grapevine that country B is a good place to live, more people set off from country A. When the 1,000th migrant arrives, he finds a whole neighbourhood of his compatriots. 再者，用行话说，移民是"依赖路径的"。它始于涓涓细流：第一个从A国搬到B国的人通常会发现，这个地方没有人说他的语言，也没人知道烹饪面条的正确方法。但第二个移民--可能是他的兄弟或表亲--就有了一个可以带他四处转转的人。随着B国是个好地方的消息在A国移民社区传开来，会有更多的A国人动身移民。当第一千名移民到达时，他找到了一整个同胞社区。 表达积累 · Despite these caveats, it is a fair bet that ... caveat表示“警告”某事可能不是完全真实或者有效的等 (a warning that something may not be completely true, effective etc)，比如“She will be offered treatment, with the caveat that it may not work. 她将接受治疗，并被告知该治疗可能无效”。文中这里指前文中对于“开放边界也不一定造成大规模移民”的种种分析。 it is a fair bet that来自常用搭配it's a safe/sure/fair bet (that)，表示某事物是“确定无疑的”(used to say that something seems almost certain)。 由此可见，这里前后形成了一种“转折”。同学们可以在写作中积累、活用。 · jargon 文中这里表示“术语”或者“行话”的意思 (technical or specialized words used by a particular group of people and difficult for others to understand)，比如technical/scientific/legal/medical etc jargon 需要注意的是，jargon为不可数名词。(Jargon is an uncountable noun. Do not say jargons.) · show someone around (some place) 该习语表示带某人参观