内容正文:
2021年新高考高中英语外刊《经济学人》尖子生讲义[B05]
提升篇
(适合学有余力的学霸或英语爱好者、教师使用)
(含词汇讲解、长难句解析、翻译技巧、背景知识、写作积累:均由阿满编写)
原文(续[B04])
To clarify, “open borders” means that people are free to move to find work. It does not mean “no borders” or “the abolition of the nation-state”. On the contrary, the reason why migration is so attractive is that some countries are well-run and others, abysmally so.
先澄清一下,“开放边界”是指人们可以自由迁徙来找工作。它并不意味着"没有边界"或"废除民族国家"。恰恰相反,移民如此有吸引力的原因就是有些国家运转良好,其他国家却一塌糊涂。
写作积累
On the contrary, the reason why migration is so attractive is that some countries are well-run and others, abysmally so. 恰恰相反,移民如此有吸引力的原因就是有些国家运转良好,其他国家却一塌糊涂。
语法讲解:so的替代用法
替代(substitution)是避免重复、简练语句的手段之一,而so经常起到这样的作用,可以替代宾语(宾语从句)、表语、宾语补足语、状语等成分:
1、替代表语:so用在be, appear, become, get, keep, seem, prove, turn等词后,替代前文已经提到过的用于表语的名词或形容词。
George was angry, and Bob certainly seemed so (= angry).
Is he a faithful friend? —He has proved so (= a faithful friend).
2、替代宾语或宾语从句:so用在一些表示看法、意见的动词后,替代在句中做宾语的that从句。这些动词包括:believe, expect, fear, be afraid, hope, imagine, say, tell, assume, dream, fancy, guess, inform, reckon, gather, understand, think, suppose, suspect等。
If you didn't like it, you were wrong not to say so (= you didn't like it).
so用来替代宾语从句时,所表示的看法通常带有婉转的口气。如果是表示肯定、或者明显怀疑,一般不使用so。
Will she come to the party? —I'm sure she is. / I doubt whether she will come.(不说I'm sure so./ I doubt so.)
3、替代宾语补足语:
Things are in good shape, and I like to keep them so (= in good shape).
在原句中,so代替的是前面的are well-run,但abysmally一词否定了这一状态,即可以将后半句改写为other countries are run terribly.
参考资料:李永生.SO的替代用法[J].山东外语教学,1985(04):78-80+87.
感谢阿满和朋友们的用心付出
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--- 未完待续---
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