上海市牛津英语16 定语和定语从句 专题练习

第16章定语和定语从句 I. 定语 1. 定语通常由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词和分词等表示，副词有时也可作定语;当用一个句子作定语时，这个句子即为定语从句。 2. 定语可放在它所修饰的名词前，为前置定语，也可放在它所修饰的名词后，为后置定语。 3. 现在分词作定语有主动和(或)进行的含义; 过去分词作定语则有被动和(或)完成的含义。 a sleeping boy=a boy who is sleeping一个正在睡觉的男孩 a recorded talk=a talk which was recorded一次录音谈话 frozen food=food which is frozen冷冻食物 frozen river=river which has frozen结冰的河流 boiling water=water which is boiling正在沸腾的水 boiled water=water which has been boiled煮沸的水 a speaking bird=a bird which speaks一只会说话的鸟 spoken language=language which is spoken口语 falling tide= tide which is falling落潮 fallen leaves=leaves which have fallen落叶 专项训练1 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The atmosphere is essential to all __________ things. (life) 2. That group ended the project within the __________ time. (give) 3. There is a __________ river near our housing estate. (pollution) 4. __________ drivers are threats to the lives of pedestrians. (care) 5. You were lucky to have such __________ weather for you holiday. (lover) 6. The ___________ trip to Bund made every student excited. (enjoy) 7. Ancient Greek culture is very important in ___________ history. (Europe) 8. Their shop sells hats in ___________ shapes, colours and sizes. (vary) 9. My brother never loses a ___________ desire to be a __________ footballer. (burn, professor) 10. As usual, the manger will cut down ___________ hours on New __________ Eve. (work, year) 专项训练1 1. living 2.given 3.polluted 4.Careless 5. lovely 6.enjoyable 7.European 8.various 9.burning, professional 10.working, Year’s II. 定语从句 i. 由关系代词引导的定词从句 1. 定语从句由关系代词和关系副词引导。定语从句所修饰的名词或代词为先行词: 2. 关系代词who和whom指代的先行词指人。 3. 关系代词which指代的先行词指物。 4. 关系代词that指代的先行词既可以指人，也可以指物。 5. 先行词由形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，the only, the same, the very, all, every, any, no等时，使用that。但先行词为人时，通常使用who。 6. 关系代词whose是属格，既可用于人的属格，也可用于物的属格。 7. 关系代词在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语和定语。如果关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，此关系代词可省略。 专项训练2 选择填空。 1. Don’t worry about the lessons __________ you’ve missed. I’ll help you. A. which B. when C. whom