内容正文:
(
第
3
讲
代词
)
1. 基本内容:代词包括人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、疑问代词、
不定代词等,是小升初最重要的考点之一;
2. 题型分布:主要在单选和完形题中直接考查,但在阅读、写作等题型当中都
会涉及;
3. 分值数据:直接考本知识点分值大约是2分左右。
代词的学习分布于小学课程的各个年级,如图所示,主要集中在四五年。六年级进一步复习和深化物主代词的用法, 学习“ Wh-”类疑问代词的用法,在此基础上进行总结提高。
人称代词
人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。
第 一 人 称
第 二 人称
第 三 人 称
单数
复数
单数
复数
单 数
复数
人
称
代
词
主格
I
we
you
you
he
she
it
they
宾格
me
us
you
you
him
her
it
them
1.主格用来作句子的主语、表语。
Eg:I often go shopping on Sundays. (主语)
Are they from Brazil? (主语)
That’s it. / It’s he!(表语)
2.宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。
Eg:Who teaches you English this year?
Help me!
We often write letters to her.
3. it的用法:
(1)人称代词it一般指物,但也可以指不明性别的人、婴儿。
Eg. - Who is it?
· It’s me, Jane.
(2)表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义。
Eg. ① -What’s the weather like today?
- It’s fine.
② - What’s the time?
-It’s 12:00.
(3)作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。
Eg. It took him three days to clean his house.
【即学即练】
1. Let’s go and help .
A. she B. he C. her D. they
2. - What’s the weather like today?
- _____is fine.
A. This B. That C. It D. Its
3. - What’s that?
- ______ a jeep.
A. It B. Its C. It’s D. its
4. Mom and dad bought a birthday gift for_____. Children were
very happy.
A. him B. them C. he D. she
【解析】1.选C. help是动词,后面的代词要用宾格
2.选C.it代指天气
3. C. It’s = It is
4. B .由后文的children可以得知爸爸妈妈给孩子们买礼物,所以用them代指children.
物主代词
说明事物所属关系的代词,分为形容词性和名词性物主代词两种。
第 一 人 称
第 二 人称
第 三 人 称
单数
复数
单数
复数
单 数
复数
物主代词
形容词性
my
our
your
your
his
her
its
their
名词性
mine
ours
yours
yours
his
hers
its
theirs
1.形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语,后面要跟名词。
Eg. Is that your umbrella?
I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.
They are their books.
2.名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。
Eg. This is your cup, but where is mine?
Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small.
3. “of + 名词性物