第11讲 复合句（讲义）-小升初英语复习教师免备课（全国版）

( 第 11 讲 复合句 ) 1. 在近几年全国各地的小升初考试中，对复合句的考查比重越来越大，这个趋势值得重视，一般是以单选题形式出现； 2. 有关复合句的考点主要是定语从句、宾语从句和状语从句三个方面； 3. 对复合句考察逐步加大的趋势，其实也反映出命题人对小初知识衔接的重视。 1. 复合句学习在小学阶段的分布图：（主要在六年级阶段会涉及） 2. 在小升初考试中将要对复合句知识进行综合考查，本讲专题中将对各个从句知识进行串讲。[来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K] 你能用英语表达“草原上有一只被关在笼子里的狮子”吗？想想和咱们之前学习的简单句子有什么不一样的地方？ 定语从句 一、定义 在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中某一个名词或代词的从句，叫作定语从句。 二、先行词 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。 三、关系代词&关系副词 1. 引导定语从句的关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose等；关系副词when, where, why等。 2. 关系代词或关系副词位于先行词和定语从句之间，它既起连接作用，又充当从句中的一个成分。 3. 含定语从句的复合句的基本结构为：先行词+关系词+定语从句。 四、关系代词的用法 1. that: 可以做主语、宾语、表语，既可以修饰人，也可以修饰物。 例：Do you know the girl that has long hair? This is my sister _____ has big eyes. 答案：that 2. which: 可以作主语、宾语、表语，只能修饰物。 例：She got a computer which her parents bought for her . Can you help me find some information about robots _____ I can use for my report. 答案：which 3. who: 可以作主语、宾语、表语，只能修饰人。 例：Do you know the girl who has got an “A” in the exam. The boy _____ is playing ping-pong is my brother. 答案：who 4. whom: 可以作宾语，只能修饰人。 例：Mr. Black is our English teacher whom we all like to talk to. The girl _____ you talk to is my girlfriend. 答案：whom 5. whose: 可以作定语，既可以修饰人，也可以修饰物。 例：The room whose window is open is mine. The boy _____ father is a doctor studies very hard. 答案：whose 五、关系副词的用法 1. when: 做状语，先行词一般是表示时间的词或短语。 例：I still remember the day when you left for Beijing. I still remember the year _____ you graduated from No.8 Middle School. 答案：when 2. where: 做状语，先行词一般是表示地点的词或短语。 例：This is the school where my mother works The hotel _____ we stayed last summer is a good one. 答案：where 3. why: 做状语，先行词一般是表示原因的词或短语。 例：Can you explain the reason why you were late? I know the reason _____ he was late for school. 答案：why 【即学即练】 一、单项选择。 1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, ________ from east to west. Those________ run from north to south are called avenues. A. running; that B. run; who 　 C. running; who D. run; that 2. This is the case ________ he’s had all his money stolen. A. when B. where 　 C. that