2.1.2 阅读理解体裁分类突破-【高考领航】2021高考英语一轮复习微专题速练

板块二　阅读理解体裁分类突破 第一讲 应用文 真题分析 策略指导 　　通过分析近三年高考全国卷应用文的考查情况可知： 1．考查角度 从命题上看，应用文主要考查细节理解，近年来也会考查推理判断、写作意图以及读者对象等。应用文阅读材料简单明了，主要考查考生快速而准确地获取和理解文中具体细节信息的能力。 2．语言特点 语言简练，就其用词来看，文章里有大量生僻的专有名词，如地名、人名、机构名、组织名、书名、作品名等。 3．结构特点 应用文主要用于传递信息，高考卷中所采用的应用文通常有两种行文方式。其中一种是文中的几则信息构成平行并列结构，即每一则信息中的项目及其位置有一致性和对应性，几则信息前有时会用一个段落对文章信息作整体上的说明。 　　应用文阅读理解总体上要做到稳、准、快，在确保准确率的基础上提高阅读速度，以节省时间。解题时，要做到： ①快速浏览知主题。快速浏览加粗字体的标题、小标题或加下划线的语句等最重要的信息，以了解语篇提供的是哪方面的信息，并判定行文方式。 ②速读题干，跳读定位信息。接下来阅读每一道试题，根据题干定位信息点，并在文章中找出答案或相关信息。在定位和寻找信息点的时候，可以充分利用加粗字体的标题、小标题、加下划线的语句等重要信息提高阅读和解题速度，如果每则信息的项目及其位置具有一致性和对应性，就可利用其一致性和对应性快速查找答案，查找信息时不一定要读完全文。 ③细读解题信息。最后，根据查找的相关信息，经过思考后选出正确答案。 真题体验 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ，A) Need a Job This Summer? The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs.The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program. Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round. Jobs for Youth If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible (符合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training. Who is eligible：Youth 15­18 years old in select communities (社区)． Summer Company Summer Company provides students with hands­on business training and awards of up to $3，000 to start and run their own summer businesses. Who is eligible：Students aged 15­29, returning to school in the fall. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer. Who is eligible：Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year. Summer Employment Opportunities (机会) Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community gro