1.6 非谓语动词-【高考领航】2021高考英语一轮复习微专题速练

第六讲 非谓语动词 典例剖析 画龙点睛 语法填空 　 (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ________(get) there. 解析：to get。考查非谓语动词。此处是it takes some time to do sth.结构，意为“花费多长时间做某事”。 　(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Scientists have responded by ________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements，leading to the illusion (错觉) that ...[来源:Zxxk.Com] 解析：noting。考查非谓语动词。介词后接动词时，应用其动名词形式。respond by doing sth.意为“通过做某事回应”。 　(2019·北京卷) Earth Day，________(mark) on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. 解析：marked。考查非谓语动词。本句是主系表结构，由连系动词is可知空处填非谓语动词形式。mark在这里是“庆祝，纪念(重要事件)”之意，是及物动词，Earth Day与之是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作定语。 1.分析句子结构 若句中已有谓语动词且不存在并列谓语或从句不缺谓语时，需考虑非谓语动词形式。 2.判断非谓语的形式 分析非谓语动词在句中作何种成分，再根据时间、与逻辑主语的关系(主动或被动)等因素来确定填哪种形式。如非谓语作状语时：若非谓语与逻辑主语是主动关系且正在进行用现在分词；若非谓语与逻辑主语是被动关系且已完成用过去分词；若非谓语表示将来的动作，表目的或在表喜怒哀乐的形容词后作原因状语或表意料之外的结果时，用不定式。[来源:学科网] 3.熟记后跟动名词或不定式作宾语动词、短语或句式。如avoid doing；manage to do；介词后只能用动名词作宾语。 4.作主语或宾语不能用动词原形，通常用v.­ing形式或不定式。 5.介词后的动词要用v.­ing形式。注意区分to是介词还是不定式符号。 单句改错[来源:Zxxk.Com] 　(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)All the football players on the playground cheered loudly，say that I had a talent for football.________ 解析：say →saying。分析句子结构可知，cheered是谓语动词，say前没有并列连词and等，所以say只能用非谓语动词形式；主语与say之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。 　(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.________ 解析：sell →selling。动词sell作介词by的宾语，因此用动名词形式。[来源:学科网ZXXK] 真题过关练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Modern methods of/for tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s，and are expensive ________(perform) consistently over a large area. 2．(2019·浙江卷)One study in America found that students' grades improved a little after the school introduced uniforms.But some students didn't want ________(wear) the uniform. 3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)China's approach to protecting its environment while ________ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says t