内容正文:
秘笈09 情态动词和虚拟语气
情态动词和虚拟语气为中学英语考纲要求的内容,并且是高考内容中的难点之一。预计在以后的高考中,可能会对情态动词和虚拟语气进行考查,且还可能通过虚拟语气形式考查某种时态的某个形式。
考点1 情态动词
一、 can, could 与 be able to
1. 表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。
☞Mary can speak three languages.(知识)
☞Can you skate?(技能) 此时可用be able to代替。
can只有一般现在时和一般过去式;而be able to则有更多的时态。
☞I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.
当表示"经过努力才得以做成功某事"时应用be able to,不能用can。如:
☞He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.
2. 表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。
☞They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead. This hall can hold 500 people at least.
3.表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度),用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
☞Can this be true?
☞This can’t be done by him. How can this be true?
1. (2018·北京卷·单项填空)In today’s information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.
A. need B. should C. can D. must
2. (2017·北京卷)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ________ easily reach the books on the top shelf.
A. must B. should C. can D. need
3.Traveling by subway sometimes be quite a choice, especially during the rush hours.
二、 may, might
1. 表示请求和允许。
might比may语气更委婉,而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t 或mustn’t,表示"不可以,禁止"。 ☞——Might/ May I smoke in this room?
——No, you mustn’t.
☞——May/Might I take this book out of the room?
——Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. )
用May I...?征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气,而用Can I...?在口语中更常见。
2. 用于祈使句,表示祝愿。
☞May you succeed!
might为may的过去式,但也可以代替may,语气较为婉转客气或更加不肯定。
He might not come today. 今天他也许不来了。(语气不肯定)
You might also get a headache when you work too hard. 当你工作太努力时,你也可能患头痛。
1.Since we can do nothing about it, we as well consult Mr. Smith about the matter.
2.You feel all the training a waste of time, but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.
A. should B. need
C. shall D. may
三、 must, have to
1. 表示必须、必要
☞You must come in time.
在回答引出的问句时,如果是否定的,不能用mustn’t(禁止,不准),而用needn’t, don’t have to(不必)。
☞——Must we hand in our exercise books tod