内容正文:
秘笈11 语篇型填空
考点1:名词
弄清数与格。即名词是否该用复数,是否要用所有格。
考点2:代词
⑴ 指代对象(通常是前面出现的名词或整句),是人还是事物,是男还是女,是单数还是复数,是作主语还是作宾语。
⑵ 如是物主代词(表示某人的),作主语、宾语或表语用名词性物主代词,在名词前作定语只能用形容词性物主代词。
⑶ 反身代词反指谁,它通常作主语和宾语的同位语,这时应与主语或宾语一致;也可作某些动词或介词的宾语,这时需与主语一致。
考点3:冠词
不定冠词表示泛指,可译作"一个/本/座/……"等;定冠词表示特指,相当于"这,这些,那,那些"。另外,搞清特指上文出现的或谈话双方心目中都知道的人或事物用the,以及在序数词前、最高级前、独一无二的事物名词之前,用the。
考点4:连词
(1)并列连词。
连接两个或几个词、短语或句子的并列连词有and, or, but, neither…nor, either…or, whether…or等。
(2)从属连词
①引导名词性从句的连接代词或连接副词(有意思,并在从句中作句子成分),以及that(不作任何句子成句,没有任何意义), 和表示"是否"的whether/if。其中要特别注意连接代词what的意义和用法。
②引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词。注意关系词是代表先行词并在定语从句中作句子成分的。
③ 引导状语从句的从属连词。
考点5:介词
要是at, in, on, for, since, with, without, from, as, after, before, behind等表示时间、地点、原因等的介词以及习惯用语中的介词。
考点6:谓语动词
谓语动词主要考虑时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等。从历年全国卷来看,考得最多的是一般现在时和一般过去时,且只需看看上下文中谓语动词是用什么时态,跟着用什么时态就行了,十分简单。
考点7:非谓语动词
动词是作谓语用的,当动词不是作谓语时,而是作主语、宾语、定语、状语、补语时,该动词就要用非谓语形式:to do(即用to+原形), doing(即-ing形式), done(即-ed形式)。
考点8:词类转换
要求考生搞清楚,什么词类在句中作什么成分,或什么成分用什么词类的词来充当。复习要点主要有:
⑴ 作主语、宾语、表语,用名词。亦即,名词就是在句中作主语、宾语、表语的。
考点9:比较等级
有than的前面要用比较级;有in, of, I have ever seen等表示比较范围的用最高级;根据语境理解隐形的比较级。
【典例】
My activity is uncommon for young men my age. It is gymnastics. Gymnastics has taught myself-discipline and given me confidence.
The sport of gymnastics 1 (be) very time-consuming. I work out between 17and 20 hours a week, not to mention the two hours 2 takes to drive to and from my gym every day.
Last year was my first at a new level of gymnastics. I worked hard all season, 3 received few awards. I 4 (learn) that although I didn't receive many prizes, trying my best was what was 5 (importance). Sometimes in the workplace hard work is also not 6 (reward). With the proper mindset, however, knowing that the job was done well would be enough of a reward for me.
To be successful in school, intelligence and hard work will get one very far. To be successful in the workplace, one must also have maturity, confidence and discip