秘籍06 定语从句-2020年高考英语抢分秘籍

秘笈06 定语从句 定语从句的用法较为复杂，高考除了单独考查定语从句知识外，还常常结合句式结构、时态等来综合考查。纵观近几年各地高考试题，不难发现其考点主要包括： 1. 考查关系代词和关系副词的区分。如：that, which和where, when的区分；that, which和why的区分等。 2. 考查whose的使用。whose可以指代人或物, 在定语从句中作定语, 后跟名词。指物时，whose＋名词＝名词＋ of which ＝ of which＋名词。如： The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the door is broken is on the second floor. 3. 考查as/which引导的非限制性定语从句。尤其要重视which，as引导的非限制性定语从句和it，what引 导的主语从句的区分。 4. 考查定语从句中的主谓一致现象。如： I, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble. 5. 考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，关系代词指人时用whom， 指物时用which，不能用that。关系代词作定语时也可用whose。如： The teacher in front of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students. 6. 考查一些特殊的先行词。如： 当situation, point, case, activity, scene及period, festival, occasion等出现时, 要 注意具体情况具体分析；作主语、宾语和表语时, 用关系代词that/which。 7. 考查定语从句、强调句、时间状语从句等的区别。 考点1 关系代词 1. 定语从句中的引导词及其在从句中的作用 所作成分 代替人 代替物 代替人或物 主语 who which that 宾语 whom/who which that 定语 whose/of whom whose/of which ☞Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他是那个想见你的男人吗？(who/that在从句中作主语) ☞He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语) ☞The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher.刚才和你说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师。 ☞A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan. 双亲都死了的孩子叫作孤儿。(whose表示那个孩子的双亲) ☞He lives in a room whose window faces south. 他住在那个窗户朝南的房子里。(whose表示那个房子的窗户) 2. 关系代词that和which的用法区别 情况 说明 只用that 不用which 先行词是不定代词或由不定代词修饰时 先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被其修饰时 先行词被the very，the only等修饰时 主句是以which，what，who开头的特殊疑问句时 先行词既有人也有物时 两个定语从句中一个关系代词用which，另一个要用that 只用which 不用that 引导非限制性定语从句时 关系代词前有介词时 先行词本身是that时 ☞It is the best film(that)I have seen. 这是我看过的最棒的电影。 ☞He is the very man that they are looking for. 他正是他们在寻找的人。 ☞They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school. 他们谈到他们记得的学校的那些人和事。 3. 关系代词as引导限制性定语从句的用法 （1）as既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语等，引导限制性定语从句时的固定搭配：the same ...as ...；such ...as ...；so/as ...as ... ☞She is such a nice g