高中英语语法——四种完成时态讲解与训练

四种完成时态 ▲ 完成时态的构成 句型 时态 主系表 主谓宾 现在完成 have (has) been have (has) done 过去完成 had been had done 将来完成 will have been will have done 过去将来完成 would have been would have done ▲ 现在完成时态的基本用法 1. 表示一个过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果和影响。 应该明确现在完成时态属于现在时态的范畴。它所强调的不是过去发生的动作，而是对现在产生的结果和影响。否则用一般过去时态就够了。请看下面的对话。 ● A－We will send some one to America. 我们要派一个人去美国。 B－I have been there. 我去过美国。 = I was there and I know the country very well. Would you send me there? 我去过那儿，很了解那个国家。能派我去吗？ C－I have not been there. 我还没去过那儿呢。 = I didn’t go to America. It is my turn. 我没去过。这次该我了。 上面对话的前提是大家都抢着去美国。所以B用现在完成时态是想说明自己有经验，派他去好。而C用现在完成时态是说自己没去过，轮也该轮到他了。两句都是强调对现在产生的影响。 Did you have lunch? Have you had lunch? Did you study English? Have you studied English? Laochang died? Laochang has died? Who was herer? Who has been here? Have you done your homework 2. 表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。 通常用于持续性较强的动词，例如：live, study, wait for, be等等，并且常常与since, for连用，since给出的是过去的一个时间点，如since 1958, 而for