高考英语语法学案：定语从句(PDF教师版 学生版)

Grammar explanation for attributive clause in college entrance examination ⾼考英语学习资料之⾼考语法专项补充 -定语从句⼀ 主讲教师 Alex 彭 第⼀一部分：基础知识学习 ⼀一. 定语从句句与引导词 定语从句是在复合句中修饰某⼀ 或 的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做 词，⽽引导定语从句的词 叫 词，有关系代词和关系副词两类。 1. 关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose,在定语从句中作 语、 语中 语，whose作定语。代⼈的有 , , , ；代物的有： , , .例如： The man who helped you is Mr White. (who代 ，在定语从句中作 语) That is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.(whom, who, that代⼈，在定语从句中作 ，可 ) I´m not the fool(that) you thought me to be.(that代⼈，在定从中作 语) A dictionary is a useful book which(＝that) tells us the meaning of words(which或that代 ，在定从中作 语) 2.关系副词有：when(指 )，where(指 ),why(指 )，在定语从句中作 语。 例如：Would you suggest a time when we can have a talk? The house where they live is not very large./This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting. 注意：不是表时间的先⾏词都⽤when引导定从，不是表地点的先⾏词都⽤where引导定从。例如：We´ll visit the factory which(＝that) makes radios.(which或that在定从中作主语，where不可⽤主语，故不可⽤) They still remember the happy days(which/that) they spent in Beidaihe. (which或that在定从中作spent的宾语，when不可 作宾语，故不可⽤) ⼆二、限制性定语从句句与⾮非限制性定语从句句 限制性定语从句和主句之间不⽤ 分开，修饰主句中的某⼀个名词或名词词组或代词；⾮限制性定语从句常 ⽤ 和主句隔开，可以修饰主句中的某⼀个词，也可修饰整个句⼦。⾮限制性定语从句不能⽤ 引导，引导 ⾮限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。⾮限制性定语从句例：Li Ping´s father, works in a factory, is an engineer./ He tore up my photo, made me very angry.( 指代主句内容，因前后两句是因果关系，此时 不可换为as。 He is good at physics, as is known to us all.＝As is known to us all, he is good at physics.(as指代主句内容，在as is known/believed, as we all know/believe这类结构中as不可换为which) 三. 只⽤用that引导和不不⽤用that引导的场合 只⽤用that引导的场合 1）当先⾏词既包括 又包括 时：He talk