打包（单元语法小专题）-2018年八年级下册英语名师学案（人教版）

单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus) 语法精讲 一、反身代词 1．含义：表示反射或强调的代词称为反身代词。 2．构成： (1)作宾语。 反身代词常跟在teach，dress，hurt，enjoy，look after，take care of等动词或动词短语后作宾语。 e．g.The little boy can dress himself.这个小男孩能自己穿衣服。 (2)作同位语。 反身代词常用作主语或宾语的同位语，用来加强语气。 e．g.Miss Green herself is a nurse.格林小姐本人就是一名护士。 (3)作表语。 常用在be，feel，seem，look等系动词之后作表语，通常描述身体、精神等方面的感觉或状态。 e．g.Just be yourself.做你自己就好了。[来源:学科网ZXXK] (4)与介词by，for搭配。 “by＋反身代词”表示“单独地；独自地”；“for＋反身代词”表示“亲自；亲身”。 e．g.We must finish it all by ourselves.我们必须自己完成这件事情。 You'd better make the decision for yourself.你最好自己做决定。 二、情态动词should 1．含义及特征： 情态动词should作“应该；应当；可以”讲，用来表达职责和义务、提出劝告，没有人称和数的变化，不能独立作谓语，后接动词原形一起构成谓语。 2．句式结构： (1)肯定句：主语＋should＋动词原形＋其他． e．g.Vegetables are good for your health！You should eat them every day.蔬菜对你的健康有好处！你应该每天都吃。 (2)否定句：主语＋should not/shouldn't＋动词原形＋其他． e．g.You shouldn't shout at your parents.You should be polite to them.你不应该对你的父母大吵大嚷，你应该对他们有礼貌。 (3)一般疑问句：Should＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？[来源:Zxxk.Com] e．g.Should I lie down for several days？我应该躺几天吗？ (4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋should＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？ e．g.I can't work out the math problem.What should I do？我解答不出来这个数学题，我应该怎么办？ 语法专练 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．He shouldn't __eat__(eat) in class.[来源:学|科|网] 2．Should I __take__(take) my temperature?[来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K] 3．The old man had problems breathing.What should we do __to_help__(help) him? 4．Watching TV __itself__(it) isn't always bad for you，but too much of it is not good. 5．“You are old enough，boy.You'd better do it __yourself__(you)，” my father said to me. 二、单项选择。 (C)6.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Those girls enjoyed ________ in the party last night. A．them B．they C．themselves D．herself (B)7.(2018·六盘水模拟)—Would you please come to play soccer with me? —Sorry！My 5­year­old brother can't look after ________． A．him B．himself C．his D．he (D)8.—Look at this model ship.I made it all by ________ last week. —Wow，you are so smart! A．me B．my C．mine D．myself (C)9.The TV program Running Man ________ is very fun.All of us like to watch ________． A．it；it B．it；itself C．itself；it D．itself；itself (B)10.Y