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答题技巧指导
►1.突破首句,获取尽可能多的信息
重视首句、突破首句。完形填空题所选用短文的第一句话通常是不设空的,目的是给考生一个整体印象,同时提示短文的中心内容或提供故事发生的时间、地点、背景等。
►2.通读全文,把握文章的基本脉络
做完形填空题应着眼于语篇理解,因为完形填空题中干扰项的设置极具迷惑性,如果操之过急,见空就填,可能会“只见树木,不见森林”。因此,正确的做法是先快速浏览全文,理清文章脉络,掌握文章大意,了解作者意图,为下一步去逐个解题寻找判断的依据。同时,通读全文也解决了那些需要通过上下文或联系语篇语境的题目。
为了快速浏览全文,掌握大意,在阅读过程中要特别注意文章和段落的首尾句,因为这些句子往往就是整个篇章或段落的主题思想。它还能让你很快了解文章的体裁、形式、涉及的内容及作者的意图。获得这些重要信息,对接下来的做题至关重要。
►3.研读全文,初步确定答案
掌握了文章的大意后,就为进一步做题奠定了基础。这时应细读全文,按照文章内容的前后顺序并结合备选答案,边读边分析,边推断正确选项。同时,对试题的测试部分(即文中空格)要进行认真分析。一般的设空词有语用固定型和语境逻辑型两大类。语用固定型题目一般是较为常见的语法结构、词汇及习语等,这部分试题可先行解决。在先行解决一部分试题后,部分语句已经通畅,也就有了更为完整的信息,这有助于进一步了解语篇及作者意图。再经过对已知信息的分析、推理,语境逻辑型试题也会迎刃而解。
当然,在做题过程中也会有一部分题目的四个选项填到空格中时,每一个单独的语句都是符合语法规则的,这时考生就应该利用已知信息,挖掘深层含义,联系上下文,根据文章的主旨和语境要求,把握词义的细微差别,排除干扰项。
►4.复读全文,全面验证答案
填完空格后,重读全文,这也是解题过程中至关重要的一环。此时考生对文章已经有了一个相对完整的了解,对文章的理解也更进了一步,也就摸清了文章内在发展的逻辑关系。而如果在此时再读一遍文章,就有可能会发现一些其他原来没有注意到的问题,同时根据对语篇的理解及内在的联系,反复推敲,比较异同,从中选择一个最符合文章意义的答案。
【典例分析】(2018金华/丽水)
One morning,when I was leaving for my business,a middleaged man came up and asked me for help.He said he had no 1 to get food for his large family.
“You look 2 .Why don' t you work?” I asked.“Simply because I cannot get work,sir.”“If I give you work,what pay do you want?” “ 3 I can get bread for my family,sir,” he answered.
I decided to find out if he 4 meant what he said.“OK.I'll give you one pound an hour,if you will 5 a brick(砖) under your arm and walk around the square for five hours without stopping.” “Thank you,sir.I will.”
I found a brick and started him on his walk before I went to my 6 .I never thought he would do what he had 7 .
【典例分析】(2018金华/丽水)
One morning,when I was leaving for my business,a middleaged man came up and asked me for help.He said he had no 1 to get food for his large family.
“You look 2 .Why don' t you work?” I asked.“Simply because I cannot get work,sir.”“If I give you work,what pay do you want?” “ 3 I can get bread for my family,sir,” he answered.
When I came back five hours later,I saw him 8 walking,with the