牛津上海版高考语法一轮复习之虚拟语气_教案 学案（2份打包）

教学内容 1.回顾复习强调句的相关用法 一.虚拟语气 【知识梳理】 1.英语中的三种语气： 语气是动词的一种形式，用来说明我们对自己的话所采取的态度。 （1）陈述语气（疑问，否定，肯定，感叹） （2）祈使语气（命令，要求，建议，警告） （3）虚拟语气：不可能发生的事，愿望，建议，与事实相反的假设等。 2.虚拟语气在条件中的具体用法： 真实条件句 If you work hard,you’ll surely pass the exam. 虚拟条件句（假设情况不存在，实现机会很小） If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky. If it snowed tomorrow, we would stay at the home. 3.与事实相反的用法： （1）与现在事实相反： if从句：动词过去式（be---were） 主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形 If we had time, we would go with you. If I were you, I shouldn’t do that. If it weren’t raining, we wouldn’t stay. （2）与过去事实相反： if从句：had done 主句：would/could/might/should+have done If the teacher hadn’t helped us, we couldn’t have succeeded. I could have done it better if I had been more careful. If he hadn’t been ill, he might have come. （3）与将来事实可能相反： if从句：a.动词过去式（be一律用were） b.should+动词原形（不能用would） c.were to+动词原形 主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形 If he came tomorrow, I would tell him everything. If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home and watch TV. If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out. Should he come tomorrow, please give the book to him. 4.在错综时间条件句中的用法： 在虚拟语气中，有时条件从句动作发生的时间和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，称为错综时间条件句。这种句子的形式往往要根据句子的时间相调整，分别处理。 If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would know what to do now. If you had followed the doctor’s advice then, you would be all right now. If you had watered them more, the crops would be growing still better now. (有时时间会省略） 5.结合条件句的用法： 在虚拟语气中，假设的情况有时间可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来，并且虚拟的情况和真实的情况同时存在。 I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the singing competition. （实------虚） =I was ill that day. If I hadn’t been ill that day, I would have taken part in the singing competition. He would have bought the piano, but he didn’t have enough money. （虚------实） =He would have bought the piano if he had had enough money, but in fact he didn’t have enough money. 6.省略if倒装条件句： 在虚拟语气中，if从句假设的情况中如果有助动词had, should和were，那么可省略if，把had, should和were放在句首构成倒装，简称省略if倒装条件句。 If he had finished the work yesterd