高考英语专题之祈使句的直接引语变间接引语讲解及巩固练习 (2份打包)

高考英语专题之祈使句的直接引语变间接引语 一、教学内容 祈使句的直接引语变间接引语 二、知识精讲 （一）观察下列句子，试着总结、思考祈使句的直接引语变间接引语的规律。 1. “Make sure the door is shut,” she said to her little son. She told her little son to make sure the door was shut. 2. “Don’t smoke in the room,” he said to me. He told me not to smoke in the room. 3. Mrs. Hill said, “ please sing at our party, Mary.” Mrs. Hill asked Mary to sing at their party. 4. He said to the girl, “Do it at once.” He told the girl to do it at once. 总结：祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语的规律 1. 一改：主句谓语动词 直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时，谓语动词said/said to 常改成ask, advise, tell, warn, order, request等。 2. 二变：呼语变宾语 3. 三加：动词前加to 4. 四去：please （二）祈使句变为间接引语后，就成了以不定式短语形式出现的宾语补足语，其结构通常为：ask/ advise/ tell/warn/order/ request sb. (not ) to do sth. 例： He said，“Be seated, please. ” →He asked us to be seated. She said to me, “Don’t smoke in the classroom.” →She told me not to smoke in the classroom. 即学即用： Mary asked me _____ to answer that letter. A. don’t forget B. not forget C. not to forget D. not forgetting 答案：C ▲ 注意： 1. 有些含有“建议”、“劝告”的祈使句，可用suggest, insist, offer等动词转述。 例： He said, “Let’s have a rest. ”→ He suggested our having a rest. →He suggested we have a rest. He said, “Let me help you. ” → He offered to help me. 2. 直接引语是感叹句时，变间接引语可用what或how引导，语序不变；也可用that引导，语序变为宾语从句语序。 例： She said, “What a lovely day it is!” → She said what a lovely day it was. →She said that it was a lovely day. （三）我们总结回顾一下直接引语变间接引语各种句型的转换。 1. 陈述句 → S—V— that— 从句 2. 一般疑问句或选择疑问句→S—V— if/ whether从句 3. 特殊疑问句→S—V— wh— 从句 4. 祈使句→S—V/ ordered/told/ asked—sb.—(not) to do 5. 感叹句→S—V— how/what /that—从句 （四）直接引语变间接引语高考热点： 宾语从句 宾语从句三要素，引导词、语序、时态。 1. 引导词分为三种情况， 陈述句中的that可省略，一般问句要用if或whether，碰到特殊疑问句时，疑问词用来担此任。 例：He said that Lesson 82 was important and that he should learn it well. 他说第82课重要，他应学好它。 ▲ 注意： 第一个that可以省，第二个that不能省。 2. 语序总体为陈述语序，疑问词引导的从句作主语，语序不必去改变。 例： He was not satisfied with what I said. 他对我说的话不满意。 He asked me what was the trouble with my car. 他问我我的车出什么故障了。 3. 从句时态主句定，如果主句为过去，从句相应作改变，客观真理仍现在。 例： He said he would come