高考英语专题之同位语从句 (2份打包)

高考英语专题之名词性从句（2） 同位语从句 状元必读 本讲主要梳理以下知识点： 名词性从句考查要点： 1. 同位语从句的基本用法。 2. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别。 3. whether，if引导的名词性从句的区别。 4. what, that引导的名词性从句的区别。 5. 名词性从句与定语从句、状语从句的区别。 名词性从句在高考试卷中一般占有2-3分的分值，但在书面表达中也会考查考生正确运用名词性从句来表达意思的能力。 专家点拨 一、知识精讲 同位语从句 1. 同位语从句的作用和位置：一般来说，在主从复合句中,用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它通常跟在某些名词之后，用以说明或解释该名词表示的具体内容。可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有：advice, decision, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, promise, proposal, reply, report, suggestion, word（消息）, problem, question, doubt, thought等。 2. 同位语从句的连接词： （1）连词that，that在句中不充当任何成分且不可省略。 【例句】 His suggestion that we’ll go for a visit on Saturday is very good. They were delighted at the news that their team had won. 当听到他们队获胜的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。 注意：有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在被说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。 The thought came to him that Tom might have returned the book. 他突然想起汤姆可能已经还了书。 状元典例 There is much chance _____ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. A. that B. which C. until D. if 答案：A 思路分析：句意为：比尔很有可能从受伤中恢复过来，并准时来参加比赛。考查同位语从句的用法，that引导的从句解释说明chance的内容。 （2）whether引导同位语从句时意为“是否”，此时不能用if来代替。 【例句】 He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go there. （3）连接代词who, what等可以引导同位语从句。 【例句】 The question who should do the work is being discussed at the meeting. I have no idea what the boy is doing in the next room now. 状元典例 Do you have any idea ______ is actually going on in the classroom? A. that B. what C. how D. which 答案：B 思路分析：考查同位语从句的用法，what在从句中充当主语，that在同位语从句中不充当任何成分，无实际意义。 （4）连接副词where, how, when等可以引导同位语从句。 【例句】 We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation this year. I have no idea how I can get to the railway station. I have no idea when he will be back． 注意：用连接副词where, how, when等引导同位语从句时，其前所解释说明的名词通常是question, idea, problem 等词。 二、难点聚焦 （一）同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处 1. 从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词（相当于一个定语）。 【例句】 The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. 分析：句中that引导同位语从句，说明news的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。 The news that you told us is really encour