句子结构和句子成分详细讲解、配套练习（44张）

句子结构 英语句子成分分析 1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. ↓ 主语 ↓ 谓 语 ↓ 定语 ↓ 宾 语 ↓ 同位语 ↓ 状 语 句子成分 定义 ：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分； 主要成分：主语和谓语 次要成分：表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语 ㈠主语（subject） 句子说明的人或事物 Jane is good at playing the piano. She went out in a hurry. Four plus four is eight. To see is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true. （名词） （代词） （数词） （不定式） （动名词） （名词化的形容词） （句子） ㈡谓语 说明主语的动作、状态和特征 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English well. She doesn’t seem to like dancing 补充：系动词 1）状态系动词（be动词） 例如： He is a teacher. （is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。） 2）持续系动词 keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand 例如： He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。 3）表像系动词 seem, appear, look, 例如： He looks tired. 他看起来很累。 4）感官系动词 feel, smell, sound, taste 例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。 注意：系动词不用于被动语态. 5）变化系动词 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 例如： He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。 6）终止系动词 prove, turn out, 表达“证实”，“变成”之意 例如： The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。 Show your passport, please. She didn't say anything. How many do you want? - I want two. They sent the injured to hospital. They asked to see my passport. I enjoy working with you. Did you write down what he said? （名词 ） 　( 代词） (数词) (名词化的形容词) (三)宾语 动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语 （不定式） （动名词） （句子） 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物或事,间接宾语指人或动物. He gave me some books. ↓ 间接 宾语 ↓ 直接 宾语 ●please pass me the book. ●He bought his girlfriend some flowers. （四）表语 在系动词后的部分就是表语 The war was over. They seem to know the truth. Time is precious. I’m not quite myself today. That remains a puzzle. I don’t feel at ease. （五）定语 修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句 He is a clever boy. His father works in a steel work. There are 54students in our class. Do you known betty’s