内容正文:
一个句子中出现若干个动词时后面的动词的形式问题
概述:共有三种情况:
1)一般情况下,后面的动词都用不定式形式;
2)有少数动词后面的动词必须要用动名词形式;
3)另外有为数更少的动词后面既可以用不定式也可用动名词。
绝大多数情况属第一种,不必记。第二、三种属少数,需要记忆(结合例句),分述如下:
1. 其后动词必须用动名词的动词有:acknowledge, admit, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, celebrate, consider, contemplate, defer, deny, detest, dread, enjoy, entail, escape, excuse, fancy (想,想象), finish, forgive, imagine, involve, keep, loathe, mention, mind, miss, pardon, postpone, practise, prevent, quit, recall, recollect, report, resent, resist, risk, save (=prevent the wasted effort), shirk(躲避),report, can’t help, can’t stand/bear, feel like, give up, leave off, put off等。(约40个词,7个短语)
注:1)advise, allow, forbid, permit, recommend, suggest这几个表示建议、禁止或同意的词后如果直接接跟动词则用动名,如果有名词或代词宾语那么作宾补的动词用不定式,如:suggest (doing sth/suggest sb to do sth);
2)dread 后一般跟动名词,但是后跟动词think时要用不定式,请对比:
Most mice dread meeting elephants. I dread to think what she'll do next.
2. 其后动词既可用不定式也可用动名词的动词又有三种情况:
1) 其后用不定式或动名词在语义上基本上或根本没什么区别的:afford, attempt, begin/start, bother, continue, cea