内容正文:
Unreal conditionals
虚拟语气
语气(mood)也是动词的一种形式变化。它表示说话者对所指的动词或状态所持的态度,而且,在谓语动词上有所体现,语气可分为三种:陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。
Introduction
虚拟语气(the Subjunctive Mood)
是用来表示说话人所说的话不是事
实,而是主观愿望、假使、建议、
推测、纯粹的空想等。
例1:
These doggies are sleeping very soundly.
(陈述语气)
例2:
Stop laughing!
(祈使语气)
If you keep beating me like this, I would tell your teacher.
例3:
(虚拟语气)
虚拟语气可用于条件句和其它
一些从句中。虚拟语气用于条件句中的情况较复杂, 所以要特别加以注意。首先,要判断一下是否该用虚拟语气, 因为条件句有两种, 一种是真实条件句, 一种是非真实条件句, 只有在非真实条件句中才用虚拟语气, 在真实条件句中, 要用陈述语气。
If my aunt comes this afternoon, she will bring me some gifts.
如果姨妈下午来,她会给我带礼物的。
1. 真实条件句:
If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday.
假如他今天离开,他周五将到那儿。
If I were you, I would go to look for
him.
如果我是你,就会去找他。
2. 非真实条件句:
如果条件句假设的情况完全不存在或者实现的可能性很小,甚至可以说几乎没有时, 就需要用虚拟语气来表达, 也就是说,此时的条件句是非真实条件句。
非真实条件句的谓语动词形式:
与现在事实相反的条件句的结构:
条件句:过去时(be动词用were)
主句:would/could/might+动词原形
If I were you, I should/would go at once.
If I got the chance, I would want to be a lawyer.
例