【全国百强校word】甘肃省天水市第一中学2016-2017学年高二下学期第一阶段考试英语试题（有答案）

选择题（共50分）

第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分30分） 

第一节 阅读理解（每小题2分，满分20分）

A

Strange Baby-Naming Laws

Gemany

Parents are banned by law from using last names and the names of objects and products as first names.A child’s first names must clearly show his or her sex,and all names must be approved by the office of vital statisties（人口统计）in the area in which the child was born.

Iceland

The country’s naming committee consults the National Register of Persons to determine if a name is acceptable.If parents prefer a name which is not on the list,they must apply for approval and pay a fee,and the name must contain only letters in the Icelandic aiphabet.

New Zealand

The country’s Births,Deaths,and Marriages Registration Act of 1995 doesn’t allow parents to choose a name that “might cause offense to a reasonable person; is unreasonably long; or is,includes,or is similar to an official title or rank,” including,apparently,Adolf Hitler and Yeah Detroit—both names recently rejected.

Denmark

If Danish parents prefer a name not on the list of 7,000 preapproved baby names,they must get permission from local church and government officials.15 to 20 percent of the 1,100 reviewed names—including creative spellings of common names,last names as first names,and unusual names—are rejected each year.

1.You can tell whether a baby is a girl or a boy according to the first names in_____.

A.Germany    B.New Zealand     C.Iceland                                            D.Denmark

2.In Iceland,the names should______.

A.be on the names list without exception     B.be paid a large amount of money for

C.contain only letters in the Roman alphabet     D.be accepted by the National Register of Persons

3.In New Zealand the naming law________.

A.used to forbid the use of the name of Adolf Hitler   B.allows names similar to an official tittle or rank

C.is considerate as to how other people feel about the names D.doesn’t allow using last names as first names

4.It can be learned from the text that________.

A.each year about 160-220 reviewed names are rejected in Denmark

B.babies’ names should be allowed by the office of vital statistics in Iceland

C.Adolf Hitler is a name that is banned in all the European countries

D.parents must give up babies’ names if the names are not on the list in Ireland

B

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A.He should order before April 6.     B.He should place an order online.

C.He should visit Mr.Carter’s office personally.  D.He should buy a large number of the products.

7.Why does Mr.Carter write the letter?

A.To reply to Mr.Hill’s questions.     B.To promote sales of his products.

C.To make sure he will meet Mr.Hill.    D.To give a description about the luggage.

C

 Let us all raise a glass to AlphaGo and the advance of artificial

intelligence. AlphaGo,DeepMind’s Go-playing AI,just defeated the

best Go-playing human,Lee Sedol.But as we drink to its success,we

should also begin trying to understand it means for the future.                 
 The number of possible moves in a game of Go is so huge that,in order

to win against a player like Lee,AlphaGo was designed to adopt a human-like style of gameplay by using a relatively recent development—deep learning.Deep learning uses large data sets,“machine learning” algorithms (计算程序) and deep neural (神经的) networks to teach the AI how to perform a particular set of tasks.Rather than programming complex Go rules and strategies into AlphaGo,DeepMind designers taught AlphaGo to play the game by feeding it data based on typical Go moves.Then,AlphaGo played against itself,tirelessly learning from its own mistakes and improving its gameplay over time.The results speak for themselves.

 Deep learning represents a shift in the relationship humans have with their technological creations.It results in AI that displays surprising and unpredictable behaviour.Commenting after his first loss,Lee described being shocked by an unconventional move he claimed no human would ever have made.Demis Hassabis,one of DeepMind’s founders,echoed this comment: “We’re very pleased that AlphaGo played some quite surprising and beautiful moves.”

  Unpredictability and surprises are—or can be—a good thing.They can indicate that a system is working well,perhaps better than the humans that came before it.Such is the case with AlphaGo.However,unpredictability also indicates a loss of human control.That Hassabis is surprised at his creation’s behaviour suggests a lack of control in the design.And though some loss of control might be fine in the context of a game such as Go,it raises urgent questions elsewhere.

 How much and what kind of control should we give up to AI machines? How should we design appropriate human control into AI that requires us to give up some of that very control? Is there some AI that we should just not develop if it means any loss of human control? How much of a say should corporations,governments,experts or citizens have in these matters? These important questions,and many others like them,have emerged in response,but