初中英语语法专题讲解（可用作中考英语一轮专题复习）：非谓语动词

非谓语动词 Ⅰ. 概述 在英语中，对动词作出适当形式的变形，动词就可以用来担当除谓语以外的所有成分，这类词就被称为非限定动词或非谓语动词。非限定动词包括不定式(the infinitive)，分词(participle)和动名词(the gerund)。 Ⅱ. 动词不定式 动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成。动词不定式虽然不能作谓语，但仍然保持着动词的特征，可以接宾语或状语构成动词不定式短语。 1. 动词不定式在剧中可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。 A. 作主语。 To speak English well isn’t an easy job. To improve our teaching method is very important. 动词不定式短语作，为了保持句子平衡，往往用it作形式主语，把不定式置于句尾。 It is important to master English grammar. It would be a waste of time to look up every new word as it comes along. B. 作表语 Our plan is to set up another middle school for the children. His ambition is to become a successful scientist. C. 作宾语 常跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有： afford, agree, ask, attempt, begin, choose, decline, dare, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, fail, forget, happen, help, hope, intend, learn, manage, mean, need, pray, pretend, promise, refuse, seek, tend, threaten, want, wish… They decide to change their mind. I can’t afford to live the big house. 如果不定式作宾语后跟宾语补足语，往往用it作形式