精品解析：广东广州市华美英语实验学校2026-2027学年度第一学期期中高二英语试卷

2026—2027 学年度第一学期 高二英语 满分 130 分　　考试用时 120 分钟 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写学校、班级、姓名、试室号、座位号及准考证号，并用 2B 铅笔填涂准考证号。 2. 全部答案必须在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。 3. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。 4. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 5. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束时将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分　阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A City Train in the Old Town of Luxembourg Luxembourg is a small country with a long, rich history. The City Train in the Old Town offers a charming and convenient way to explore this historic area. As it winds through the narrow streets, passengers enjoy panoramic (全景的) views of buildings built between the 10th and 18th centuries. Audio guides tell the stories of the city’s past, and visitors can admire the Casemates and the fine carvings of Notre-Dame Cathedral. It is a relaxing way to experience the Old Town. City Train + Museum Pass Combi-Ticket This Combi-Ticket lets you enjoy a sightseeing tour on the City Train and also visit the museums of Luxembourg City. You can use it within 48 hours. However, you must use it on two straight days during the same week in which the ticket was bought. Ticket City Train Combi-Ticket Children 0 — 3 €0 €0 Children 4 — 12 €10 €14 Children 13 — 18 & Seniors 65+ €12 €19.50 Adults (18+) €14.50 €23.50 Family (2 adults + 1 — 3 children) €42 — 1. How much should an adult with a two-year-old child pay for the City Train tour alone? A. €10. B. €12. C. €14.50. D. €23.50. 2. What can visitors do during the City Train tour? A. Listen to audio guides about the city's history. B. Buy souvenirs at the cathedral. C. Visit the city’s museums for free. D. Take photos inside the Casemates. 3. What should visitors know about the Combi-Ticket? A. It can be used at any time of the year. B. It is designed for children and seniors only. C. It includes meals at local restaurants. D. It must be used on two straight days in the same week. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述卢森堡老城城市观光小火车的游览特色、套票使用规则及各类票价信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“Adults (18+) | €14.50(成年人（18周岁及以上）：14.50欧元)”以及“Children 0 — 3 | €0(0—3岁儿童：免费)”可知，成年人票价14.5欧元，2岁儿童免费，共计14.5欧元。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据City Train in the Old Town of Luxembourg部分中“Audio guides tell the stories of the city’s past, and visitors can admire the Casemates and the fine carvings of Notre-Dame Cathedral. (语音讲解器讲述这座城市过往的故事，游客可以欣赏卡斯梅特炮台以及圣母大教堂精美的雕刻。)”可知，游客可以收听关于这座城市历史的语音讲解。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据City Train + Museum Pass Combi-Ticket部分中“However, you must use it on two straight days during the same week in which the ticket was bought.(但是，你必须在购票当周内连续两天使用它。)”可知，组合票必须在同一周内连续两天使用。 B While I was working at a French school, I was often preparing my work in the staff room. Sometimes I would hear the school secretary talking. At first I thought she was talking to me, as there was no one else in the room except me, so I tried to respond to her. However, I soon realized that, in fact, she was talking to herself. I noticed a lot of people do this in France. In the UK, people might think you're a bit strange if you talk to yourself at work, but there it seemed quite normal. It really did confuse me at times, because I was not sure whether people were talking to me or just talking to themselves. Another area of confusion involved the French language. In French, there are two ways to say “you”: “tu” is the informal form while “vous” is the formal form. This is an aspect of French which, even now, I do not really understand. When I learnt French, I was taught to call everyone vous unless they were my family or friends. So I was surprised that virtually everyone in France used the informal tu all the time. School children used tu when they stayed with their teachers and all the staff called the head teacher tu. But I continued to use vous because I didn’t want people to think I was impolite. As you might know, school children in the UK traditionally wear school uniforms, but in France pupils do not wear a uniform. It was a culture shock for me to see children wear Spider-Man T-shirts and baggy (宽松的) blue jeans in the classroom. I found the differences puzzling at times, but I couldn’t deny what a great opportunity it was to live and work in another country. The UK and France are only separated by a small channel of the sea, but there are many differences between the two countries. 4. What did the school secretary do in the staff room? A. Always chatted online. B. Talked to herself often. C. Interrupted the writer. D. Always made speeches. 5. Why did the author always use “vous” when talking to others? A. She tried to be polite to others. B. She didn’t have close friends in France. C. She couldn’t tell tu from vous at all. D. She couldn’t understand French very well. 6. How did the author feel seeing French kids wear Spider-Man T-shirts at school? A. Pleased. B. Embarrassed. C. Surprised. D. Frightened. 7. What made the author feel happy to live in France? A. Communicating in an informal way. B. Experiencing different cultures. C. Traveling along the channel of the sea. D. Having a chance to work with French teachers. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了作者在法国一所学校工作时，感受到的法国和英国之间的一些文化差异。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第一段“Sometimes I would hear the school secretary talking. At first I thought she was talking to me, as there was no one else in the room except me, so I tried to respond to her. However, I soon realized that, in fact, she was talking to herself.(有时我会听见学校秘书在说话。起初我以为她在和我说话，因为房间里除了我没有其他人，所以我试着回应她。然而，我很快意识到，事实上，她是在自言自语。)”可知，学校秘书经常自言自语。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第二段“But I continued to use vous because I didn’t want people to think I was impolite.(但我继续使用vous，因为我不想让别人觉得我没有礼貌。)”可知，作者一直使用vous是想对别人保持礼貌。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第三段“It was a culture shock for me to see children wear Spider-Man T-shirts and baggy (宽松的) blue jeans in the classroom.(看到孩子们在教室里穿蜘蛛侠T恤和宽松的蓝色牛仔裤，对我来说是一种文化冲击。)”可知，看到法国孩子在校穿蜘蛛侠T恤，作者感到惊讶。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第四段“I found the differences puzzling at times, but I couldn’t deny what a great opportunity it was to live and work in another country.(我有时觉得这些差异令人困惑，但我不可否认，在另一个国家生活和工作是一个绝佳的机会。)”及全文内容可知，文章讲述了英法两国的各类文化差异，在法国生活工作就是体验不一样的异国文化，由此可知，体验不同的文化让作者在法国生活感到开心。 C As a decade-long penguin lover, one comfort I took despite climate change was that penguins were not completely endangered, except for a few species. But with climate change, even that comfort is gone. In a recent statement, emperor penguins were officially rated as “endangered” — a two-step jump from their 2019 level of “near threatened”. Since 2016, sea ice levels have repeatedly reached record lows. According to the British Antarctic Survey, emperor penguins depend heavily on fast sea ice for breeding and molting (繁殖和换毛). When the ice breaks up too early, penguin chicks that are not yet waterproof can fall into the ocean and drown. Indeed, thousands of baby penguins have died this way in the past ten years. Satellite images show about a 10% fall in adult emperor penguins between 2009 and 2018, and new forecasts warn that, without major cuts to greenhouse gas emissions (排放), their numbers will drop by half by the 2080s. “It is obviously very sad that this creature is facing such a dark future,” said Peter Fretwell, a penguin scientist. “Although most of them will never see a human, it is our actions that are driving them towards extinction.” At the same time, the Antarctic fur seal moved even closer to extinction, from “least concern” to “endangered”. Between 1999 and 2025, its population fell by more than 50%, from about 2,187,000 to 944,000. The main cause is food insecurity, as rising ocean temperatures and shrinking sea ice force small sea animals to dive deeper for colder water. “These important findings should call for action from every industry, community and all levels of society to decisively address climate change,” Fretwell said. “Antarctica is our planet’s frozen guardian, and it is irreplaceable.” 8. Why are emperor penguins now considered endangered? A. They are harmed by the climate change. B. They are hunted for their feathers. C. They are attacked by other sea animals. D. They have moved to warmer places. 9. What mainly caused the fall in the number of Antarctic fur seals? A. Hunting by humans. B. Colder water in the ocean. C. A shortage of food. D. Disease among sea animals. 10. What does Peter Fretwell suggest? A. Moving the animals to a safer place. B. Taking actions on climate change. C. Stopping all research in Antarctica. D. Feeding the penguins by hand. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. What makes Antarctica so alive and beautiful. B. How to protect the ozone layer in Antarctica. C. How to study the daily life of the penguins in Antarctica. D. How climate change is threatening Antarctic wildlife. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要说明气候变化致使帝企鹅、南极毛皮海豹沦为濒危物种，呼吁全社会行动起来应对气候问题。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“But with climate change, even that comfort is gone. In a recent statement, emperor penguins were officially rated as “endangered” — a two-step jump from their 2019 level of “near threatened”.(但随着气候变化，这份慰藉也不复存在。在近期的一份声明中，帝企鹅被正式列为“濒危物种”，相比2019年的“近危”等级，濒危程度提升了两个层级。)”可知，气候变化让帝企鹅成为濒危物种。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“At the same time, the Antarctic fur seal moved even closer to extinction, from “least concern” to “endangered”. Between 1999 and 2025, its population fell by more than 50%, from about 2,187,000 to 944,000. The main cause is food insecurity, as rising ocean temperatures and shrinking sea ice force small sea animals to dive deeper for colder water.(与此同时，南极毛皮海豹的濒危等级进一步升高，从 “无危” 变为 “濒危”。1999 年至 2025 年间，其种群数量下降超 50%，从约 218.7 万只降至 94.4 万只。主要原因是食物短缺，因为海水升温、海冰缩减，迫使小型海洋生物潜往更深的冷水区域。)”可知，食物短缺导致南极毛皮海豹数量下降。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“These important findings should call for action from every industry, community and all levels of society to decisively address climate change.(这些重要发现应当呼吁各行各业、各个社区以及全社会采取行动，果断应对气候变化。)”可知，Peter Fretwell建议人们采取行动应对气候变化。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Since 2016, sea ice levels have repeatedly reached record lows. According to the British Antarctic Survey, emperor penguins depend heavily on fast sea ice for breeding and molting (繁殖和换毛).(自2016年以来，海冰面积多次创下新低。英国南极调查局表示，帝企鹅高度依赖固定海冰繁殖和换毛。)”以及第四段内容“At the same time, the Antarctic fur seal moved even closer to extinction, from “least concern” to “endangered”. Between 1999 and 2025, its population fell by more than 50%, from about 2,187,000 to 944,000. The main cause is food insecurity, as rising ocean temperatures and shrinking sea ice force small sea animals to dive deeper for colder water.(与此同时，南极毛皮海豹的濒危程度进一步加剧，保护等级从“无危”上调至“濒危”。1999年至2025年间，其种群数量下降超50%，从约218.7万只降至94.4万只。主要原因是食物短缺：海洋温度上升、海冰不断缩减，迫使小型海洋动物潜往更深的水域寻找冷水。)”可知，文章讲述气候变化威胁南极野生动物。 D Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania have developed some of the world’s smallest robots. They are smaller than a grain of salt and can swim through water. The scientists faced many challenges in building such robots. To power them, the team used a solar panel (面板), which allows the robots to run for months, using only light. But it also meant they had to cover much of each robot with the panel, leaving little room for anything else. Scientists at the University of Michigan helped by developing a super tiny computer. Despite its size, it can be programmed and even has a memory. The researchers use flashing lights to program the robots, and once they are programmed, the robots can move on their own. Getting the robots to swim was another challenge. Fish move forward by pushing the water behind them backward, but for a robot so tiny, moving through water is hard. So instead, the robots create a tiny electric field around themselves. This field makes the ions (离子) in the liquid move, and as they move, they push against nearby water molecules (分子). The moving water then carries the robots forward. What can the robots do? For one thing, they can sense the temperature of the liquid they are in and can be programmed to swim toward warmer water. They also share information through movement. After measuring the temperature, for example, a robot can do a little dance, and the researchers can then decode (破译) the dance to get the information. As one scientist says, “It’s very similar to how honey bees signal each other.” The scientists say the project is only the “first chapter”. They believe the robots have promising prospects, such as reporting on the health of cells in the human body. And though each robot is tiny, they can be programmed to work together to deal with larger tasks as a group. 12. What is special about the robots mentioned in the text? A. They are the cheapest robots ever made. B. They are extremely small and can swim in water. C. They can talk with humans directly. D. They are powered by batteries for many years. 13. How do the robots move forward in water? A. They create an electric field that pushes the water. B. They move their tails like tiny fish in water. C. They are carried along by fast moving water. D. They roll forward on very small wheels. 14. What can the robots do according to the text? A. Fly through the air like bees. B. Share information through light with people. C. Produce their own light by swimming. D. Sense temperature and swim toward warmer water. 15. What is the scientists’ attitude towards the future of the robots? A. Worried that they will be dangerous. B. Unsure whether they can ever be used. C. Hopeful about their future uses. D. Doubtful about their abilities. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述宾夕法尼亚大学研发出盐粒大小的微型水下机器人，介绍其动力、游动原理、功能与应用前景。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania have developed some of the world’s smallest robots. They are smaller than a grain of salt and can swim through water.(宾夕法尼亚大学的科学家研发出了一批世界上最小的机器人。它们比一粒盐还要小，能够在水中游动。)”可知，这种机器人特别之处是体型极小且能在水里游动。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“So instead, the robots create a tiny electric field around themselves. This field makes the ions (离子) in the liquid move, and as they move, they push against nearby water molecules (分子). The moving water then carries the robots forward.(所以取而代之的是，机器人在自身周围形成一个微小电场。这个电场让液体中的离子移动，离子移动时推动附近水分子，流动的水带动机器人前进。)”可知，机器人依靠产生电场推动水来前进。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“For one thing, they can sense the temperature of the liquid they are in and can be programmed to swim toward warmer water.(一方面，它们可以感知所在液体的温度，并且可以被设定程序朝温度更高的水域游动。)”可知，机器人可以感知温度并游向温水。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They believe the robots have promising prospects, such as reporting on the health of cells in the human body.(他们相信这些机器人前景广阔，例如反馈人体内细胞的健康状况。)”可知，科学家对机器人未来的用途满怀希望。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are you tired of pulling all-nighter study sessions for tests? Do you end up with low grades despite your best efforts? You may benefit from learning how to study. The key is to understand that learning is not measured by the amount of time you spend, but by what additional knowledge you’ve gained from those experiences. _____16_____ Here are some study strategies. Use daytime hours to study. Prioritize academics when you are more energetic and have access to resources. In college, this might include tutors, professor office hours and labs. _____17_____ Then reward yourself during the evenings with social and personal time. Review material close to when it was first presented. The longer you wait before consolidating (巩固) the material, the more difficult it will be to connect to upcoming concepts. So don’t wait until the mid-term or final exam to study. Revisiting your notes with the lecture still fresh in your mind helps you both consolidate and clarify the information. _____18_____ _____19_____ Turn your phone off or move it out of sight. When the brain is constantly switching between tasks — from studying to an instant message and back again — it is harder to learn. What you think are only momentary interruptions result in huge losses in overall productivity. There are even apps that can help put you in control. Examples include Forest, AppBlock and Cold Turkey. Get proper sleep, exercise and nutrition. _____20_____ Your body needs proper care to allow you to learn. This is especially true for sleep. Lack of quality sleep can cause a lot of physical and mental damage in just a couple of days. Sleep not only supplies your energy, but is crucial in consolidating information. A. Ask for help. B. Control electronics. C. Think quality — not quantity. D. Some prefer using online study tools. E. Take care of yourself, physically and mentally. F. In high school, it might be teachers, parents and friends. G. Confidence in your notes during follow-up reviews is essential. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. B 20. E 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍几种高效学习方法，告诉读者学习重在质量而非时长，并从利用白天学习、及时巩固知识、管控电子设备、作息饮食锻炼几方面给出学习建议。 【16题详解】 根据前文“The key is to understand that learning is not measured by the amount of time you spend, but by what additional knowledge you’ve gained from those experiences.(关键是要明白，学习不以花费的时间长短来衡量，而是以从中收获的新知识为准。)”可知，前文点明学习看重收获而非耗时，C项“Think quality — not quantity.(注重质量，而非数量。)”承接上文观点，衔接自然。 【17题详解】 根据前文“In college, this might include tutors, professor office hours and labs.(在大学里，这类资源包括辅导老师、教授办公答疑时间以及实验室。)”可知，前文列举大学可利用的学习助力资源，F项“In high school, it might be teachers, parents and friends.(在高中阶段，则可以求助老师、家长和朋友。)”对应列举高中相关资源，句式内容呼应匹配。 【18题详解】 根据前文“Revisiting your notes with the lecture still fresh in your mind helps you both consolidate and clarify the information.(趁着课堂内容记忆犹新时复盘笔记，有助于巩固并理清知识点。)”可知，前文讲述及时回看笔记的作用，G项“Confidence in your notes during follow-up reviews is essential.(后续复习中扎实掌握笔记内容至关重要。)”顺着笔记复习的话题展开，贴合语境。 【19题详解】 根据后文“Turn your phone off or move it out of sight.(关掉手机或将手机放到视线之外。)”可知本段围绕管控电子设备展开，B项“Control electronics.(管控电子设备。)”可作为本段小标题，总领段落内容。 【20题详解】 根据后文“Your body needs proper care to allow you to learn.(身体需要悉心养护才能保障学习状态。)”及“Lack of quality sleep can cause a lot of physical and mental damage in just a couple of days.(短短数日睡眠质量不佳，就会对身心造成诸多损害。)”可知后文讲述身心养护的重要性，E项“Take care of yourself, physically and mentally.(兼顾身心，好好照料自己。)”引出后文相关内容。 第二部分　语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节　完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 48-year-old Richard Whitehead is a Paralympic Gold Medallist, world record holder, and marathon runner. Born with a double through-knee congenital amputation (先天性截肢), Richard ____21____ a passion for sport early on. He embraced sport not just as a(n) ____22____, but as a way to live without limits — a philosophy instilled (灌输) by his parents that continues to shape his life and ____23____ millions. Over twenty years ago, Richard dreamt of running a marathon, signed up, and ____24____ the New York Marathon. Since that incredible ____25____, he has won a gold medal in the T42 200 metres in London 2012. By working hard throughout the year, he broke his own record, running the Chicago Marathon in 2:41:36 in October 2024. He is ____26____ the fastest amputee runner in the world. For him, marathons are life ____27____. “We often look at challenges and say, ‘Running isn’t for me’, or ‘This will take too much hard work’. But if we take one ____28____ step forward, whether we’re 10 or 70, man or woman, we can all ____29____. Marathon running is like life: it’s full of challenges, but with support and guidance, you can ____30____ them and grow stronger,” he said. According to Richard, the diversity of marathon ____31____ has made the greatest impression on him. “On Friday, families were running 10 km with pushchairs, young people with autism (孤独症) were ____32____, and there were ____33____ marathoners alongside first-timers. Through sport, we ____34____, relate, and inspire each other, even without speaking the same language or ____35____ the same background,” he said. 21. A. controlled B. ignored C. imagined D. developed 22. A. instruction B. competition C. behavior D. treatment 23. A. challenge B. defeat C. inspire D. comfort 24. A. completed B. delayed C. changed D. defended 25. A. accident B. achievement C. discovery D. contract 26. A. accidentally B. potentially C. immediately D. currently 27. A. memories B. fantasies C. lessons D. signals 28. A. sudden B. hesitant C. casual D. positive 29. A. contrast B. survive C. improve D. observe 30. A. recognize B. overcome C. protect D. command 31. A. runners B. regions C. ranges D. origins 32. A. preparing for B. taking part C. worrying about D. falling apart 33. A. terrified B. confused C. experienced D. concerned 34. A. connect B. dominate C. attract D. test 35. A. receiving B. establishing C. organizing D. sharing 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了残奥会金牌得主理查德的长跑经历，他身有先天截肢却坚持跑马拉松，分享了马拉松带给他的人生感悟与赛场见闻。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：理查德出生时就患有双膝截肢的先天性残疾，但他从小就对体育充满热情。A. controlled控制；B. ignored忽视；C. imagined想象；D. developed培养。根据下文“a passion for sport early on”以及“embraced sport”可知，他早早培养出对跑步的热爱。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：他将这项运动不仅仅视为一种竞赛，更视为一种不受限制的生活方式，这种理念是他父母灌输给他的，并持续塑造着他的人生，激励着数百万人。A. instruction指示；B. competition比赛；C. behavior行为；D. treatment疗法。根据上文“a Paralympic Gold Medallist”以及下文“but as a way to live without limits”可知，运动对他而言，不只是比赛，更是一种生活方式。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：同上。A. challenge挑战；B. defeat击败；C. inspire激励；D. comfort安慰。结合语境，再根据上文“continues to shape his life”可知，该人生理念激励了很多人。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：二十多年前，理查德梦想跑马拉松，报名并完成了纽约马拉松。A. completed完成；B. delayed推迟；C. changed改变；D. defended保卫。根据上文“Richard dreamt of running a marathon, signed up”可知，他报名参赛并且跑完了这场马拉松。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：自从那次了不起的成就之后，他斩获2012伦敦残奥会T42级200米项目金牌。A. accident事故；B. achievement成就；C. discovery发现；D. contract合同。根据上文“signed up, and ____ the New York Marathon”以及“incredible”可知，跑完马拉松是了不起的成就。 【26题详解】 考查副词。句意：目前，他是世界上跑得最快的截肢跑者。A. accidentally偶然地；B. potentially潜在地；C. immediately立刻；D. currently当前。根据上文“he broke his own record, running the Chicago Marathon in 2:41:36 in October 2024”可推知，此处是指当前的最快纪录。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：对他来说，马拉松就是人生的课程。A. memories回忆；B. fantasies幻想；C. lessons课程；D. signals信号。根据下文“Marathon running is like life: it’s full of challenges”可知，马拉松教会他很多人生道理，是人生的课程。 【28题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但如果我们迈出积极的一小步，无论我们是10岁还是70岁，无论男女，我们都可以进步。A. sudden突然的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. casual随便的；D. positive积极的。根据下文“step forward”以及“grow stronger”可知，迈出积极的一步，才能变强。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：同上。A. contrast对比；B. survive生存；C. improve进步；D. observe观察。根据上文“if we take one ____ step forward”以及下文“Marathon running is like life: it’s full of challenges, but with support and guidance, you can ____ them and grow stronger”可推知，向前迈步，才能取得进步。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：马拉松就像人生：充满挑战，但在支持和引导下，你能够克服它们，然后成长变强。A. recognize认出；B. overcome克服；C. protect保护；D. command指挥。根据上文“it’s full of challenges, but with support and guidance”以及下文“them”可知，此处是指战胜挑战。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：据理查德所说，马拉松参赛者的多样性给了他最深的触动。A. runners跑步者；B. regions地区；C. ranges范围；D. origins起源。根据下文“families were running 10 km with pushchairs, young people with autism (孤独症)”可知，此处是指有各种各样的人参赛跑步。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：周五，推着婴儿车的家庭、患有自闭症的年轻人都在参与比赛，有经验的马拉松选手和初次参赛者一同奔跑。A. preparing for为……做准备；B. taking part参加；C. worrying about担心；D. falling apart崩溃。根据上文“families were running 10 km with pushchairs”可知，这些人都是马拉松的参与者，在参加比赛。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：同上。A. terrified害怕的；B. confused困惑的；C. experienced有经验的；D. concerned担忧的。根据下文“alongside first-timers”可知，第一次跑马拉松的新手对应的是有经验的马拉松选手。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：通过运动，我们彼此联结、产生共鸣、互相鼓舞，哪怕不说同一种语言，也没有相同的背景。A. connect联结；B. dominate主导；C. attract吸引；D. test测试。根据下文“relate, and inspire each other”可知，运动让人们相互联结。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：同上。A. receiving接收；B. establishing建立；C. organizing组织；D. sharing分享。根据上文“without speaking the same language”可知，即便大家背景各不相同，依然可以共享跑马拉松的体验。 第二节　语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last summer, I had ____36____ unforgettable experience as a volunteer in a small village. The village, ____37____ was located in the mountains, was quite poor. My task was to help teach English to the children there. On my first day, I felt very nervous. ____38____ (stand) in front of a group of younger kids, I realized that teaching was not easy at all. I had to find a way ____39____ (make) my lessons interesting and easy to understand. We sang songs, played games, and practiced simple dialogues. Seeing the big smiles ____40____ their faces made me feel really happy and satisfied. One of the most rewarding things was seeing their progress. At first, they were shy and ____41____ (certain) about pronouncing the strange words. But with constant ____42____ (encourage), they became more confident. By the day I left, they had learnt several English songs and could introduce themselves in simple English. This experience ____43____ (teach) me a lot. I learned the value of helping others and the importance of education. It also changed my ____44____ (person) attitude towards life. Now, I appreciate everything I have much more than before. My hope is ____45____ I can have more chances to take part in such meaningful activities in the future, because they are truly of great value to me. 【答案】36. an 37. which 38. Standing 39. to make 40. on 41. uncertain 42. encouragement 43. taught 44. personal 45. that 【解析】 【导语】作者讲述去年夏天下乡支教的志愿经历，孩子们从害羞胆怯到慢慢自信进步，这段经历让作者懂得助人的意义与教育的价值，改变了自己的生活态度。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：去年夏天，我在一个小村庄里有一次难忘的志愿者经历。此处泛指“一次经历”，且unforgettable以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这个坐落在山里的村庄十分贫穷。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词the village，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：站在一群年纪较小的孩子面前，我意识到教书一点也不容易。此处为非谓语，I与stand为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我必须找到一种方法，让我的课堂有趣又易懂。固定搭配a way to do sth.“做某事的方法”，用不定式作后置定语。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：看到他们脸上灿烂的笑容，我感到十分开心和满足。固定搭配on one’s face，表“在某人脸上”。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：一开始，他们很害羞，对这些陌生单词的发音没有把握。and连接并列形容词，根据前文shy可知，此处表示不确定的，certain的反义词为uncertain，符合语境。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：但是在不断的鼓励之下，他们变得更加自信。with后接名词，encourage的名词形式为encouragement，意为“鼓励”，为不可数名词。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：这段经历教会了我很多东西。此处为谓语动词，全文讲述去年夏天的经历，为一般过去时，主语this experience与teach为主动关系，teach的过去式为taught。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它也改变了我个人的生活态度。修饰名词attitude要用形容词，person的形容词形式为personal，表示“个人的”。 【45题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：我的希望是以后我能有更多机会参加这样有意义的活动，因为它们对我来说真的很有价值。此处引导表语从句，从句句意完整且不缺成分，用引导词that。 第三部分　写作（共四节，满分 50 分） 第一节　单词拼写（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 请根据句意及汉语提示完成下列句子，每空只填一个单词。 46. He refused to ________ (承认) defeat and kept trying until he succeeded. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】admit 【解析】 【详解】句意：他拒绝承认失败，一直努力直到成功。根据汉语提示“承认”可知，用动词admit，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。 47. I’m very glad to see that your vocabulary is ________ (逐渐地) building up. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】gradually 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：我很高兴看到你的词汇量在逐渐增加。空处应用副词修饰building up，结合汉语提示，这里应用gradually，意为“逐渐地”。故填gradually。 48. The new machine is far more ________ (效率高的) than the old one. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】efficient 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：新机器的效率比旧机器高得多。根据汉语提示“效率高的”，结合句意和句子结构，efficient效率高的，作表语，为多音节形容词，比较级形式在其前面加more。故填efficient。 49. Many scientists ________ (提倡) a simple life with less waste. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】advocate 【解析】 【详解】句意：许多科学家倡导过简单的生活，减少浪费。根据句意和汉语提示可知，用动词advocate作谓语，句子描述一般性事实，时态为一般现在时，主语many scientists 为复数，谓语用原形advocate。 50. The houses in the town are clearly ________ (看得见的) from the beach.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】visible 【解析】 【详解】句意：从海滩上可以清楚地看到镇上的房子。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填形容词 visible“看得见的；可见的”，作表语，与系动词are构成系表结构，be visible from...表示“从……处看得见”。 51. Here I can see a beautiful ________ (山谷) with flowers everywhere.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】valley 【解析】 【详解】句意：在这里我能看见一个美丽的山谷，到处都是鲜花。根据汉语提示“山谷”以及前面不定冠词a可知，用单数名词valley，作can see的宾语。 52. A warm smile can break down the ________ (隔阂) between two strangers.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】barrier 【解析】 【详解】句意：一个温暖的微笑能够打破两个陌生人之间的隔阂。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填名词barrier“隔阂；障碍”作宾语，break down the barrier between...为固定搭配，表示“打破……之间的隔阂”，且空前有定冠词the，特指两人之间的那道隔阂，故用单数形式barrier。 53. The road is wet and we need to slow down ________ (稍微地).（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】slightly 【解析】 【详解】句意：路面很湿，我们需要稍微减速。此处用副词来修饰动词短语slow down，结合汉语提示“稍微地”可知用slightly，在句中作状语。 54. In 1974, Yuan Longping ________ (克服) many difficulties to develop hybrid rice.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】overcame 【解析】 【详解】句意：1974年，袁隆平克服了重重困难成功研发出杂交水稻。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填动词overcome“克服”，句中时间状语In 1974提示动作发生在过去，谓语动词应用过去式overcame。 55. Sometimes imagination isn’t consistent with the ________ (现实).（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】reality 【解析】 【详解】句意：有时候想象和现实是不一致的。空处作with的宾语，结合汉语提示“现实”可知用reality。 第二节　翻译句子（共 5 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 15 分） 请根据汉语提示，使用括号内的提示词将下列句子翻译成英语。 56. 在这个偏远的小村庄里，只有一条很窄的公路可以通往外面的世界。(remote, route) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In this remote small village, there is only one narrow route that can lead to the outside world. 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词和名词以及定语从句。根据所给中文句子，“在这个偏远的小村庄里”作地点状语，根据题干要求，需用remote意为“偏远的”，译为“in this remote small village”，“只有一条很窄的公路”用there be句型，“公路”作主语，根据题干要求用route，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，译为“there is only one narrow route”，“可以通往外面的世界”为that引导的定语从句，修饰route，关系词在从句中作主语，译为“that can lead to the outside world”。故译为：In this remote small village, there is only one narrow route that can lead to the outside world. 57. 最终他们赢了这场比赛，向所有的球迷证明了他们是一支实力强大的足球队。（ultimately, demonstrate）（汉译英） ________________________________________ 【答案】Ultimately, they won the match, demonstrating to all the fans that they were a powerful football team. 【解析】 【详解】“最终”表达为提示词ultimately；“赢了这场比赛”表达为win the match；“向所有的球迷证明”需使用提示词demonstrate，表达为demonstrate to all the fans，后接that引导的宾语从句说明证明的内容，此处用现在分词作结果状语，所以demonstrate变为demonstrating；“一支实力强大的足球队”表达为a powerful football team。本句描述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，win用过去式won；宾语从句时态和主句保持一致，主语they为复数，be动词使用were。 58. 当评估这个研究项目的时候，他们遇到了许多数据上的困难。(evaluate, encounter) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When evaluating the research project, they encountered a number of statistical difficulties. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略和动词。根据句意，该句讲述的是过去发生的事，所以使用一般过去时，表示“他们遇到了许多数据上的困难”为主句，表示“遇到了”为encounter用于一般过去时，表示“许多数据上的困难”为a number of statistical difficulties作宾语，所以主句译为they encountered a number of statistical difficulties，表示“当评估这个研究项目的时候”为时间状语从句，主语与主句主语一致，可以使用省略“主语+be”结构，表示“评估”为evaluate，与主语they之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式evaluating，表示“研究项目”为the research project作宾语，所以“当评估这个研究项目的时候”可译为when evaluating the research project，位于句首单词需大写。故翻译为When evaluating the research project, they encountered a number of statistical difficulties. 59. 我们需要找到实现目标的最佳途径，所以向王教授寻求建议。(attain, turn to)(汉译英) ________________________________________ 【答案】We need to find the best way to attain our goals, so we turn to Professor Wang for advice. 【解析】 【详解】“我们”用人称代词we作主语，“需要找到”用need to find作谓语部分，“实现目标的最佳途径”中the best way作find的宾语，“实现目标”用不定式to attain our goals作后置定语修饰way，“所以”用连词so引导并列句，“向王教授寻求建议”中we是并列句的主语，“向某人寻求建议”用turn to sb for advice表示，Professor Wang作turn to的宾语，句子表述当前情况，使用一般现在时。 60. 把自己融入一个文化与自己截然不同的社会是非常困难的。（integrate oneself into a society）（汉译英） __________________________________________________ 【答案】 It is very difficult to integrate yourself into a society whose culture is so different from your own. 【解析】 【详解】句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“……是非常困难的”使用固定句型It is + 形容词 + to do sth.，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构，“非常困难的”用短语very difficult，即It is very difficult to...。表示“把自己融入一个社会”用提示短语integrate yourself into a society；表示“文化与自己截然不同的”用whose引导的定语从句，修饰先行词society，“文化”为culture，“与……截然不同的”用be so different from，先行词为单数，be动词用is；“自己”用your own，即whose culture is so different from your own。 第三节　书面表达（满分 25 分） 61. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Leo was a quiet seventh-grade boy, falling far behind his classmates in rope skipping. So awkward was he that he often got zero jumps in tests. During every PE training, he would linger (徘徊) at the end of the line, head hanging low. When it was his turn to jump, the rope always tripped his feet. Other students skipping quickly and neatly, Leo could hardly make a single steady jump, always ending up with zero. Overwhelmed by shame, he even intended to skip PE classes to escape embarrassment. Observing Leo’s sadness, Mr. Hayes, the PE teacher, never blamed (责备) him or pushed him hard. One noon, as Leo was sitting alone on the playground, eyes red with frustration, the teacher walked over. Handing him a rope for beginners, Mr. Hayes comforted him gently. “No rush. Every tiny attempt counts.” He promised to keep him company and practise with him during lunch breaks. From then on, they trained every noon. Mr. Hayes demonstrated (示范) basic moves repeatedly while Leo learned patiently. Stumbling (绊脚) countless times and starting from zero again and again, he never gave up. His classmates cheered sincerely when he finally made a breakthrough and finished ten continuous jumps. As weeks passed by, Leo achieved steady progress, able to skip thirty times in a row. With the school skipping competition approaching, each class needed three competitors. To Leo’s surprise, Mr. Hayes and all the classmates selected him. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Shocked, Leo headed for Mr. Hayes’s office. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The day of the skipping competition arrived finally. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Shocked, Leo headed for Mr. Hayes’s office. He stood nervously in front of the teacher, doubting his ability to compete. Sensing his hesitation, Mr. Hayes smiled warmly and told Leo that progress mattered most. He said Leo’s persistent efforts and great improvement had impressed everyone deeply. Encouraged by the teacher’s sincere words, Leo finally plucked up his courage and decided to take the challenge. He made up his mind to train harder to live up to everyone’s trust. The day of the skipping competition arrived finally. Standing on the playground with his classmates, Leo took a deep breath and calmed himself down. As the whistle blew, he swung the rope skillfully and jumped steadily. His movements were neat and fluent. The cheers from his classmates rang out constantly. Though he did not win the first prize, he finished the competition perfectly. Holding his head high, Leo wore a bright smile. He truly learned that constant effort and self-belief can turn weakness into strength. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了七年级男孩Leo跳绳能力极差，测试常常零分，因自卑羞愧想要逃避体育课。体育老师海耶斯先生没有责备他，而是耐心陪伴、指导他利用午休坚持练习。历经无数次失败，Leo坚持不懈、稳步进步，最终获得老师和同学们的认可，并被选为班级跳绳比赛参赛选手的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“震惊之余，利奥走向海斯先生的办公室。”可知，第一段可描写Leo因不自信心生犹豫，老师耐心开导鼓励，让他重拾勇气、决心刻苦备赛。 ②由第二段首句内容“跳绳比赛的日子终于到来。”可知，第二段可描写Leo赛场稳定发挥、顺利完赛，收获成长与感悟，明白坚持与自信的意义。 2.续写线索：心存疑虑 —— 老师开导 —— 鼓起勇气 —— 刻苦备赛 —— 赛场参赛 —— 顺利完赛 —— 收获感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①鼓起勇气：pluck up his courage/gather his courage ②努力训练：train harder/make greater efforts to practise 情绪类 ①紧张：nervously/tensely ②冷静下来：calm himself down/regain his composure 【点睛】[高分句型1] As the whistle blew, he swung the rope skillfully and jumped steadily. (运用了由As引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Though he did not win the first prize, he finished the competition perfectly. (运用了由Though引导的让步状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026—2027 学年度第一学期 高二英语 满分 130 分　　考试用时 120 分钟 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写学校、班级、姓名、试室号、座位号及准考证号，并用 2B 铅笔填涂准考证号。 2. 全部答案必须在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。 3. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。 4. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 5. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束时将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分　阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A City Train in the Old Town of Luxembourg Luxembourg is a small country with a long, rich history. The City Train in the Old Town offers a charming and convenient way to explore this historic area. As it winds through the narrow streets, passengers enjoy panoramic (全景的) views of buildings built between the 10th and 18th centuries. Audio guides tell the stories of the city’s past, and visitors can admire the Casemates and the fine carvings of Notre-Dame Cathedral. It is a relaxing way to experience the Old Town. City Train + Museum Pass Combi-Ticket This Combi-Ticket lets you enjoy a sightseeing tour on the City Train and also visit the museums of Luxembourg City. You can use it within 48 hours. However, you must use it on two straight days during the same week in which the ticket was bought. Ticket City Train Combi-Ticket Children 0 — 3 €0 €0 Children 4 — 12 €10 €14 Children 13 — 18 & Seniors 65+ €12 €19.50 Adults (18+) €14.50 €23.50 Family (2 adults + 1 — 3 children) €42 — 1. How much should an adult with a two-year-old child pay for the City Train tour alone? A. €10. B. €12. C. €14.50. D. €23.50. 2. What can visitors do during the City Train tour? A. Listen to audio guides about the city's history. B. Buy souvenirs at the cathedral. C. Visit the city’s museums for free. D. Take photos inside the Casemates. 3. What should visitors know about the Combi-Ticket? A. It can be used at any time of the year. B. It is designed for children and seniors only. C. It includes meals at local restaurants. D. It must be used on two straight days in the same week. B While I was working at a French school, I was often preparing my work in the staff room. Sometimes I would hear the school secretary talking. At first I thought she was talking to me, as there was no one else in the room except me, so I tried to respond to her. However, I soon realized that, in fact, she was talking to herself. I noticed a lot of people do this in France. In the UK, people might think you're a bit strange if you talk to yourself at work, but there it seemed quite normal. It really did confuse me at times, because I was not sure whether people were talking to me or just talking to themselves. Another area of confusion involved the French language. In French, there are two ways to say “you”: “tu” is the informal form while “vous” is the formal form. This is an aspect of French which, even now, I do not really understand. When I learnt French, I was taught to call everyone vous unless they were my family or friends. So I was surprised that virtually everyone in France used the informal tu all the time. School children used tu when they stayed with their teachers and all the staff called the head teacher tu. But I continued to use vous because I didn’t want people to think I was impolite. As you might know, school children in the UK traditionally wear school uniforms, but in France pupils do not wear a uniform. It was a culture shock for me to see children wear Spider-Man T-shirts and baggy (宽松的) blue jeans in the classroom. I found the differences puzzling at times, but I couldn’t deny what a great opportunity it was to live and work in another country. The UK and France are only separated by a small channel of the sea, but there are many differences between the two countries. 4. What did the school secretary do in the staff room? A. Always chatted online. B. Talked to herself often. C. Interrupted the writer. D. Always made speeches. 5. Why did the author always use “vous” when talking to others? A. She tried to be polite to others. B. She didn’t have close friends in France. C. She couldn’t tell tu from vous at all. D. She couldn’t understand French very well. 6. How did the author feel seeing French kids wear Spider-Man T-shirts at school? A. Pleased. B. Embarrassed. C. Surprised. D. Frightened. 7. What made the author feel happy to live in France? A. Communicating in an informal way. B. Experiencing different cultures. C. Traveling along the channel of the sea. D. Having a chance to work with French teachers. C As a decade-long penguin lover, one comfort I took despite climate change was that penguins were not completely endangered, except for a few species. But with climate change, even that comfort is gone. In a recent statement, emperor penguins were officially rated as “endangered” — a two-step jump from their 2019 level of “near threatened”. Since 2016, sea ice levels have repeatedly reached record lows. According to the British Antarctic Survey, emperor penguins depend heavily on fast sea ice for breeding and molting (繁殖和换毛). When the ice breaks up too early, penguin chicks that are not yet waterproof can fall into the ocean and drown. Indeed, thousands of baby penguins have died this way in the past ten years. Satellite images show about a 10% fall in adult emperor penguins between 2009 and 2018, and new forecasts warn that, without major cuts to greenhouse gas emissions (排放), their numbers will drop by half by the 2080s. “It is obviously very sad that this creature is facing such a dark future,” said Peter Fretwell, a penguin scientist. “Although most of them will never see a human, it is our actions that are driving them towards extinction.” At the same time, the Antarctic fur seal moved even closer to extinction, from “least concern” to “endangered”. Between 1999 and 2025, its population fell by more than 50%, from about 2,187,000 to 944,000. The main cause is food insecurity, as rising ocean temperatures and shrinking sea ice force small sea animals to dive deeper for colder water. “These important findings should call for action from every industry, community and all levels of society to decisively address climate change,” Fretwell said. “Antarctica is our planet’s frozen guardian, and it is irreplaceable.” 8. Why are emperor penguins now considered endangered? A. They are harmed by the climate change. B. They are hunted for their feathers. C. They are attacked by other sea animals. D. They have moved to warmer places. 9. What mainly caused the fall in the number of Antarctic fur seals? A. Hunting by humans. B. Colder water in the ocean. C. A shortage of food. D. Disease among sea animals. 10. What does Peter Fretwell suggest? A. Moving the animals to a safer place. B. Taking actions on climate change. C. Stopping all research in Antarctica. D. Feeding the penguins by hand. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. What makes Antarctica so alive and beautiful. B. How to protect the ozone layer in Antarctica. C. How to study the daily life of the penguins in Antarctica. D. How climate change is threatening Antarctic wildlife. D Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania have developed some of the world’s smallest robots. They are smaller than a grain of salt and can swim through water. The scientists faced many challenges in building such robots. To power them, the team used a solar panel (面板), which allows the robots to run for months, using only light. But it also meant they had to cover much of each robot with the panel, leaving little room for anything else. Scientists at the University of Michigan helped by developing a super tiny computer. Despite its size, it can be programmed and even has a memory. The researchers use flashing lights to program the robots, and once they are programmed, the robots can move on their own. Getting the robots to swim was another challenge. Fish move forward by pushing the water behind them backward, but for a robot so tiny, moving through water is hard. So instead, the robots create a tiny electric field around themselves. This field makes the ions (离子) in the liquid move, and as they move, they push against nearby water molecules (分子). The moving water then carries the robots forward. What can the robots do? For one thing, they can sense the temperature of the liquid they are in and can be programmed to swim toward warmer water. They also share information through movement. After measuring the temperature, for example, a robot can do a little dance, and the researchers can then decode (破译) the dance to get the information. As one scientist says, “It’s very similar to how honey bees signal each other.” The scientists say the project is only the “first chapter”. They believe the robots have promising prospects, such as reporting on the health of cells in the human body. And though each robot is tiny, they can be programmed to work together to deal with larger tasks as a group. 12. What is special about the robots mentioned in the text? A. They are the cheapest robots ever made. B. They are extremely small and can swim in water. C. They can talk with humans directly. D. They are powered by batteries for many years. 13. How do the robots move forward in water? A. They create an electric field that pushes the water. B. They move their tails like tiny fish in water. C. They are carried along by fast moving water. D. They roll forward on very small wheels. 14. What can the robots do according to the text? A. Fly through the air like bees. B. Share information through light with people. C. Produce their own light by swimming. D. Sense temperature and swim toward warmer water. 15. What is the scientists’ attitude towards the future of the robots? A. Worried that they will be dangerous. B. Unsure whether they can ever be used. C. Hopeful about their future uses. D. Doubtful about their abilities. 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are you tired of pulling all-nighter study sessions for tests? Do you end up with low grades despite your best efforts? You may benefit from learning how to study. The key is to understand that learning is not measured by the amount of time you spend, but by what additional knowledge you’ve gained from those experiences. _____16_____ Here are some study strategies. Use daytime hours to study. Prioritize academics when you are more energetic and have access to resources. In college, this might include tutors, professor office hours and labs. _____17_____ Then reward yourself during the evenings with social and personal time. Review material close to when it was first presented. The longer you wait before consolidating (巩固) the material, the more difficult it will be to connect to upcoming concepts. So don’t wait until the mid-term or final exam to study. Revisiting your notes with the lecture still fresh in your mind helps you both consolidate and clarify the information. _____18_____ _____19_____ Turn your phone off or move it out of sight. When the brain is constantly switching between tasks — from studying to an instant message and back again — it is harder to learn. What you think are only momentary interruptions result in huge losses in overall productivity. There are even apps that can help put you in control. Examples include Forest, AppBlock and Cold Turkey. Get proper sleep, exercise and nutrition. _____20_____ Your body needs proper care to allow you to learn. This is especially true for sleep. Lack of quality sleep can cause a lot of physical and mental damage in just a couple of days. Sleep not only supplies your energy, but is crucial in consolidating information. A. Ask for help. B. Control electronics. C. Think quality — not quantity. D. Some prefer using online study tools. E. Take care of yourself, physically and mentally. F. In high school, it might be teachers, parents and friends. G. Confidence in your notes during follow-up reviews is essential. 第二部分　语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节　完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 48-year-old Richard Whitehead is a Paralympic Gold Medallist, world record holder, and marathon runner. Born with a double through-knee congenital amputation (先天性截肢), Richard ____21____ a passion for sport early on. He embraced sport not just as a(n) ____22____, but as a way to live without limits — a philosophy instilled (灌输) by his parents that continues to shape his life and ____23____ millions. Over twenty years ago, Richard dreamt of running a marathon, signed up, and ____24____ the New York Marathon. Since that incredible ____25____, he has won a gold medal in the T42 200 metres in London 2012. By working hard throughout the year, he broke his own record, running the Chicago Marathon in 2:41:36 in October 2024. He is ____26____ the fastest amputee runner in the world. For him, marathons are life ____27____. “We often look at challenges and say, ‘Running isn’t for me’, or ‘This will take too much hard work’. But if we take one ____28____ step forward, whether we’re 10 or 70, man or woman, we can all ____29____. Marathon running is like life: it’s full of challenges, but with support and guidance, you can ____30____ them and grow stronger,” he said. According to Richard, the diversity of marathon ____31____ has made the greatest impression on him. “On Friday, families were running 10 km with pushchairs, young people with autism (孤独症) were ____32____, and there were ____33____ marathoners alongside first-timers. Through sport, we ____34____, relate, and inspire each other, even without speaking the same language or ____35____ the same background,” he said. 21. A. controlled B. ignored C. imagined D. developed 22. A. instruction B. competition C. behavior D. treatment 23. A. challenge B. defeat C. inspire D. comfort 24. A. completed B. delayed C. changed D. defended 25. A. accident B. achievement C. discovery D. contract 26. A. accidentally B. potentially C. immediately D. currently 27. A. memories B. fantasies C. lessons D. signals 28. A. sudden B. hesitant C. casual D. positive 29. A. contrast B. survive C. improve D. observe 30. A. recognize B. overcome C. protect D. command 31. A. runners B. regions C. ranges D. origins 32. A. preparing for B. taking part C. worrying about D. falling apart 33. A. terrified B. confused C. experienced D. concerned 34. A. connect B. dominate C. attract D. test 35. A. receiving B. establishing C. organizing D. sharing 第二节　语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last summer, I had ____36____ unforgettable experience as a volunteer in a small village. The village, ____37____ was located in the mountains, was quite poor. My task was to help teach English to the children there. On my first day, I felt very nervous. ____38____ (stand) in front of a group of younger kids, I realized that teaching was not easy at all. I had to find a way ____39____ (make) my lessons interesting and easy to understand. We sang songs, played games, and practiced simple dialogues. Seeing the big smiles ____40____ their faces made me feel really happy and satisfied. One of the most rewarding things was seeing their progress. At first, they were shy and ____41____ (certain) about pronouncing the strange words. But with constant ____42____ (encourage), they became more confident. By the day I left, they had learnt several English songs and could introduce themselves in simple English. This experience ____43____ (teach) me a lot. I learned the value of helping others and the importance of education. It also changed my ____44____ (person) attitude towards life. Now, I appreciate everything I have much more than before. My hope is ____45____ I can have more chances to take part in such meaningful activities in the future, because they are truly of great value to me. 第三部分　写作（共四节，满分 50 分） 第一节　单词拼写（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 请根据句意及汉语提示完成下列句子，每空只填一个单词。 46. He refused to ________ (承认) defeat and kept trying until he succeeded. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. I’m very glad to see that your vocabulary is ________ (逐渐地) building up. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 48. The new machine is far more ________ (效率高的) than the old one. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 49. Many scientists ________ (提倡) a simple life with less waste. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. The houses in the town are clearly ________ (看得见的) from the beach.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 51. Here I can see a beautiful ________ (山谷) with flowers everywhere.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 52. A warm smile can break down the ________ (隔阂) between two strangers.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 53. The road is wet and we need to slow down ________ (稍微地).（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 54. In 1974, Yuan Longping ________ (克服) many difficulties to develop hybrid rice.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 55. Sometimes imagination isn’t consistent with the ________ (现实).（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 第二节　翻译句子（共 5 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 15 分） 请根据汉语提示，使用括号内的提示词将下列句子翻译成英语。 56. 在这个偏远的小村庄里，只有一条很窄的公路可以通往外面的世界。(remote, route) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 57. 最终他们赢了这场比赛，向所有的球迷证明了他们是一支实力强大的足球队。（ultimately, demonstrate）（汉译英） ________________________________________ 58. 当评估这个研究项目的时候，他们遇到了许多数据上的困难。(evaluate, encounter) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 59. 我们需要找到实现目标的最佳途径，所以向王教授寻求建议。(attain, turn to)(汉译英) ________________________________________ 60. 把自己融入一个文化与自己截然不同的社会是非常困难的。（integrate oneself into a society）（汉译英） __________________________________________________ 第三节　书面表达（满分 25 分） 61. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Leo was a quiet seventh-grade boy, falling far behind his classmates in rope skipping. So awkward was he that he often got zero jumps in tests. During every PE training, he would linger (徘徊) at the end of the line, head hanging low. When it was his turn to jump, the rope always tripped his feet. Other students skipping quickly and neatly, Leo could hardly make a single steady jump, always ending up with zero. Overwhelmed by shame, he even intended to skip PE classes to escape embarrassment. Observing Leo’s sadness, Mr. Hayes, the PE teacher, never blamed (责备) him or pushed him hard. One noon, as Leo was sitting alone on the playground, eyes red with frustration, the teacher walked over. Handing him a rope for beginners, Mr. Hayes comforted him gently. “No rush. Every tiny attempt counts.” He promised to keep him company and practise with him during lunch breaks. From then on, they trained every noon. Mr. Hayes demonstrated (示范) basic moves repeatedly while Leo learned patiently. Stumbling (绊脚) countless times and starting from zero again and again, he never gave up. His classmates cheered sincerely when he finally made a breakthrough and finished ten continuous jumps. As weeks passed by, Leo achieved steady progress, able to skip thirty times in a row. With the school skipping competition approaching, each class needed three competitors. To Leo’s surprise, Mr. Hayes and all the classmates selected him. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Shocked, Leo headed for Mr. Hayes’s office. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The day of the skipping competition arrived finally. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $