精品解析：广东深圳大学附属实验中学2026-2027学年度高二第一学期期中考试英语试卷

深大实验2026-2027学年度第一学期高二年级期中考试 英语试题 本试卷共11页，86小题，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、班级、考生号、座位号填写在答题卡上。并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。 2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，上交答题卡。 一、单项选择(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) 1. The old painter used rich colours and delicate details to create a (an) ________ picture of the quiet village by the river. A. flexible B. vivid C. intense D. giant 2. The teacher used a simple experiment to ________ how this complex physical principle works in our daily life. A. compose B. separate C. illuminate D. recommend 3. Having such supportive classmates and patient teachers is regarded as a (an) ________ in my high school years. A. insight B. heritage C. myth D. blessing 4. The travel blogger shared many funny stories and lively videos, making her online channel fresh and ________ for teenagers. A. emotive B. entertaining C. complicated D. essential 5. The little girl was deeply attracted by the ________ design of the traditional paper-cutting on show. A. primitive B. temporary C. permanent D. innovative 6. It took the team several weeks to ________ the main cause of the strange natural event. A. identify B. criticise C. descend D. associate 7. It is widely believed that birds will ________ slowly to fit the changing environment. A. evolve B. generate C. sharpen D. interact 8. The ________ of the old town lies in its simple lifestyle and well-preserved ancient buildings. A. account B. trend C. charm D. outline 9. The manager decided not to ________ the whole team for the mistake made by one single member. A. reveal B. blame C. cheat D. disturb 10. The artist, ________ paintings show the beauty of modern architecture, will hold an exhibition next week. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which 11. I picked up a wooden box ________ my grandfather stored his favorite old photos and medals. A. that B. what C. when D. where 12. The theory ________ the researcher based his argument came from ancient Greek philosophers. A. that B. on which C. from which D. why 13. The research team refused ________ their schedule and would not put off ________ the final experiment. A. to adjust; conducting B. adjusting; conducting C. to adjust; to conduct D. to adjust; being conducted 14. ________ the importance of teamwork, the teacher encouraged all students to cooperate in the group project. A. Realized B. Realizing C. To realize D. Being realized 15. The report ________ by a group of experts yesterday ________ at tomorrow's important meeting. A. writing; will discuss B. written; is to discuss C. written; will be discussed D. having written; is to be discussed 16. ________ widely by the public helps the ancient art form survive and develop in modern times. A. Appreciated B. Appreciating C. Being appreciated D. To be appreciated 17. A great number of online speeches on artificial intelligence ________ so far to equip students with cutting-edge technological knowledge. A. had delivered B. were delivered C. had been delivered D. have been delivered 18. Look! The old bridge in the centre of the town ________ now for safety reasons. A. is repairing B. is being repaired C. has repaired D. was repaired 19. During the field trip to the coastal wetland last spring, we ________ rare kinds of birds and recorded their living habits. A. spotted B. were spotted C. had spotted D. have spotted 20. By the time the rescue team ________ at the village, most of the survivors ________ to a safe place by the local villagers. A. arriving; have moved B. had arrived; were moved C. arrived; had been moved D. arrived; have been moved 二、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Young Writers Awards About the Contest Bennington College has a unique literary tradition. We’ve had twelve Pulitzer Prize winners, three US poet laureates, four MacArthur Geniuses, and two of Time Magazine’s 100 most influential people. In celebration of this, Bennington launched the Young Writers Awards to promote excellence in writing at the high school level. Students are invited to enter with the following work: ● Poetry: A group of three poems ● Fiction: A short story (1,500 words or fewer) or one-act play ● Nonfiction: A personal or academic essay (1,500 words or fewer) A first-, second-, and third-place winner is selected in each category. We welcome participation of both US and international students. Awards & Rules First-place winners in each category are awarded a prize of $1,000; second-place winners receive $500; third-place winners receive $250. No charge for entrance. Fees for accidents caused by participants are required. All entries must be original work reviewed, approved and guided by a teacher. We will use your teacher as a contact for the competition should we have any questions. For homeschooled students, please contact one to assist in your writing even if you have experience in such competitions. Young Writers Awards winners are also qualified for undergraduate scholarships at Bennington. Winners who apply and gain admission to Bennington will receive $15,000 every year for four years, for a total of $60,000. 21. What can be learned about the Young Writers Awards? A. It rewards three winners at last. B. It’s a tradition of Bennington College. C. It accepts participants worldwide. D. It offers scholarships to current undergraduates. 22. What are the participants asked to do? A. Hand in a personal essay. B. Have related writing experience. C. Pay an entry fee on time. D. Find a teacher to help with the entry. 23. How much will the second-place winner to be admitted into Bennington gain in total? A. $15,000. B. $15,500. C. $60,000. D. $60,500. B A crowd cheered Kunle Adeyanju as he turned off his motorbike engine after completing a tiring 41-day trip. The 44-year-old left London on April 19 and arrived in Nigeria’s commercial center Lagos on Sunday after travelling more than 8,000 miles across 13 countries. He started the journey to raise funds for Rotary International to deal with polio (小儿麻痹症) in his homeland Nigeria. Accompanied by a dozen bikers for the last part of the journey from the Republic of Benin, Adeyanju was warmly welcomed by supporters in Ikeja. Adeyanju, called “Lion Heart” by fans, won popularity among the public by posting daily pictures with comments about his journey on social media. At every stop along the way, he was greeted by warm supporters. He did face some challenges, like the one in Mali where one of his wheels broke. “I was standing in the middle of the night, alone in a bush, not knowing what to do, without speaking the language,” he said. So he had to walk to the nearest village. “Fortunately, the locals helped me.” Not all of the challenges he faced were solved smoothly. “Mauritania, a country in northwest Africa, was ‘terrible’,” he said, after he got robbed of hundreds of euros. “The worst experience,” he added. This former Shell employee self-funded his trip with 20,400 in savings, hoping to raise up to 48 million for Rotary International. “I have been suffering from a lack of sleep lately because I slept only three to four hours per night. But I feel proud because I finished this challenge,” Adeyanju said just after he arrived, adding that he is now planning to have a possible cycling trip to Ghana or a bike ride to Israel to help raise more funds. And he has another dream: to climb Mount Qomolangma. 24. Why did Adeyanju go on the 41-day trip? A. To challenge himself. B. To help people fight polio. C. To connect with more people. D. To advertise Rotary International. 25. How did Adeyanju become popular during the journey? A. By using the title “Lion Heart”. B. By commenting on other bikers’ journeys. C. By sharing his experiences online. D. By showing his deep love for his hometown. 26. What happened to Adeyanju in Mauritania? A. He got lost in the bush. B. He met with crime. C. He failed to understand the locals. D. He broke his motorbike. 27. Which words can best describe Adeyanju? A. Caring and determined. B. Reliable and outstanding. C. Generous and brilliant. D. Ambitious and confident. C Normally, giving food to wild animals is not allowed, but the situation in Florida with over 1,000 manatees (海牛) dying from hunger leads officials to consider a plan to feed them. “We’ve never done such a thing with any wildlife, but the situation has become such an emergency that it has to be considered,” said Patrick Rose, the Executive Director of Save the Manatee Club. “This is a necessary but temporary measure. But I believe the impact is lasting.” The new plan would involve feeding manatees at a Florida Power & Light plant in Cape Canaveral where manatees stay in cold winter months because of the warm water release there. It would be an experiment involving greens supplied in a controlled way such as via a delivery belt. “People will not be permitted to simply start throwing food. It’s illegal, and remains so.” Manatees have long struggled to survive with humans, whose activities bring many harmful effects. Hundreds of the slow-moving animals are struck by boats every year. The accidents have led to slow-speed manatee zones throughout Florida with violations (违反) punishable by heavy fines. However, they are just responsible for a small part of the loss of manatees. The hunger threat has led to a record of 1,017 manatee deaths. This has been caused mainly by wastewater from farms and urban areas that promotes algal blooms (藻华). Climate change worsening algal blooms is also a factor. And it’s not just manatees. People’s health can also be affected by the blooms along with the health of a range of sea creatures. Besides, there’s an economic loss for boat captains and sightseeing tour organizers. “Actually, saving manatees is part of saving the ecosystem. If we take care, manatees will grow well. If we don’t, they won’t,” Rose said. “We’re in the most critical position.” Manatees were listed as endangered when the government started to protect them in 1967. Increased protections helped manatee numbers rise from around 1,000 to 8,000 by 2017, which was enough to have their position to be downgraded from “endangered” to “threatened”. 28. What can be learned about the plan to feed manatees? A. It is a long-term strategy. B. It is carried out across Florida. C. It is the first of its kind. D. It is aimed at rebuilding the ecosystem. 29. What does the underlined word “they” refer to in paragraph 3? A. Human activities. B. Boat accidents. C. Slow-speed manatee zones. D. Heavy fines. 30. Why does the author mention the numbers in the last paragraph? A. To prove manatees’ value in the ecosystem. B. To explain challenges faced by manatees. C. To encourage people to feed manatees actively. D. To show the necessity of humans’ protections. 31. What is the text mainly about? A. Wide-ranging effects of manatees’ deaths. B. A special feeding plan for Florida manatees. C. Growing food shortage faced by manatees. D. Ecological crises caused by human activities. D Have you ever walked into a room and forgotten why you went there, or been about to speak but suddenly realized you had no idea what to say? The human brain normally balances countless inputs, thoughts and actions, but sometimes, it seems to short-circuit (短路). So what really happens? Understanding why we forget first requires us to adjust our views of memory. “It is generally believed that memory is just one thing,” said Jaeggi, a professor of psychology. “However, there are very different parts of memory, and they’re also related to different cognitive (认知的) processes.” There are two different types of memory: long-term and working memory. The former is a broad category of memories that involve experience and skills stored in the brain for extended periods. On the other hand, thoughts in working memory are only present for a brief period. “Every piece of new information, inner dialogue and sensory input is passed through working memory and certain characteristics of working memory explain why we forget those thoughts,” said Earl K. Miller, a professor of neuroscience at MIT. First, psychologists suggest that people can hold only about four to seven “chunks” (块) of information — such as letters, digits, words or phrases — in their working memory at a time. Rather than being aware of all of these “chunks” all at once, the brain bounces around from one idea to another, making it more likely to forget one. Second, the brain quickly removes unimportant things from working memory to make room for new information. So unless those short-term memories are transferred into long-term memories (a process called consolidation), they’ll soon disappear. But for those who regularly struggle with thoughts disappearing from their mind, Jaeggi and Miller have some advice. In the first place, Miller says multitasking makes forgetting more likely. Jaeggi mentions if you walk into a room and forget why you went in there, go back into the room you were before. The context hints might give the brain extra help to reach back a few seconds in working memory and bring back the thought that’s already gone. 32. What can be learned about human brains from paragraph 1? A. They can become easily overloaded. B. They experience occasional memory loss. C. They are sensitive to a short-circuit condition. D. They frequently switch between different tasks. 33. Why may we forget thoughts in working memory? A. Sensory input is hard to process and handle. B. New information keeps coming in nonstop. C. Short-term memories are of low quality. D. Brains jump between ideas and clear useless data. 34. What is Jaeggi’s suggestion for recovering a lost thought? A. Setting a reminder ahead of time. B. Centering on the new task at hand. C. Returning to the previous context. D. Visualizing the thought in your mind. 35. What is a suitable title for the text? A. The Secret of Memory Loss B. Cognitive Processes of Memory C. Multitasking’s Impact on Memory D. The Weaknesses of Working Memory 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You may hear the phrase — dress for success. ____36____. But does it matter what you wear for a workout (锻炼)? Listed below are four reasons why you should wear good quality workout clothing. The right athletic clothing increases confidence. The clothing you wear is going to make a difference if you believe it’s going to help you perform better. Studies have shown the positive impact of wearing the right clothes for your workplace and this extends to sports and fitness too. ____37____. That is to say, if you like what you are wearing at the gym, there is a greater chance you will want to exercise. ____38____ Running shoes offer reliable support for your feet while you jog on roads, allowing you to stay comfortable and keep moving for a longer time. However, they would not be suitable on the soccer field. Shoes made for running lack the flexibility and stability required for other sports, thus affecting your performance. The right workout equipment adds protection & prevents injuries. You may want a cap to cover your head or use gloves in the gym to protect your hands, but using improperly fitted equipment is a major cause of sports-related injuries. ____39____. Well-fitted athletic clothing improves freedom of movement. ____40____. A tight shirt can limit your movement. Even if you are able to swing or make other movements, you will be affected if you are aware of the tightness around your body. A. The proper sportswear helps you exercise longer B. The correct sportswear improves performance C. Full mobility is important in intense sports D. It usually refers to what you wear for work E. Gym gloves and caps can reduce risks during training F. If you know you look great, you are more likely to act it out G. It will consequently turn a pleasing workout into hospital visits 三、完型填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Adam invited me to a camping trip to the mountains, I pictured a lovely house with comfortable beds. Therefore, I decided to ____41____ light with some food and clothes, imagining how ____42____ I would be when Adam and his older brother, Leo, showed up with a truck filled with supplies — tents, sleeping bags and water bottles! Led by Leo, we reached the ____43____. “Watch out for the falling rocks!” Leo ____44____ from time to time. Finally, we got to the mountain top. I dropped my backpack to ____45____ the pain of my shoulders. Looking up at the sky, Leo said, “A storm is developing. We need to ____46____ the tents.” He and Adam worked smoothly and ____47____, while I stood around and pretended to help. Fortunately, we set up the camp before the storm ____48____. Sensing that I was scared, Leo began to share with us some cookies while talking about his camping experiences. Thanks to the ____49____ and stories, my fear of the lightning and thunder ____50____. “The campsite might get a bit muddy, but if you can’t get ____51____, what’s the fun in camping?” He said with a ____52____. Soon the storm was gone, ____53____ us to exit the tent. I could see the stars for miles in the night sky. I won’t ____54____ — I was dying for a hot shower and a soft bed, but as I gazed upward at the Milky Way, I knew this was a(n) ____55____ I would never forget. 41. A. fill B. load C. pack D. store 42. A. disappointed B. delighted C. annoyed D. shocked 43. A. destination B. target C. direction D. route 44. A. explained B. warned C. whispered D. announced 45. A. recover B. cure C. settle D. relieve 46. A. give away B. put up C. hand in D. take out 47. A. painfully B. unwillingly C. skillfully D. creatively 48. A. burst B. struck C. erupted D. exploded 49. A. snack B. bag C. tent D. drink 50. A. shifted B. continued C. transformed D. disappeared 51. A. angry B. sleepy C. dirty D. hungry 52. A. bow B. nod C. sigh D. grin 53. A. allowing B. forcing C. ordering D. urging 54. A. cry B. lie C. scream D. complain 55. A. mystery B. mission C. adventure D. performance 四、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever sunk a spoon and a pair of chopsticks into a deep bowl of hot pot? If so, then you know that this widely-appreciated dish can be ____56____ (absolute) delicious and fun to eat. Typically ____57____ (link) with Chinese food, hot pot is commonly seasoned with all kinds of traditional Chinese ingredients, ranging from raw shellfish ____58____ sliced mushrooms. Today hot pot is enjoyed all across Asia, but people still argue about its true origin. Some historians trace ____59____ (it) beginnings back to boatmen living along the Yangtze and Jialing rivers around Chongqing, China, ____60____ invented an inexpensive and efficient way to eat. Others believe early hot pots had something to do with Mongol soldiers. As they traveled and camped across Asia and beyond, they’d sit around the fires, ____61____ (enjoy) hot soup in one of their overturned helmets (头盔). Nowadays there are three major styles of hot pot. Sichuan hot pot ____62____ (feature) strong and spicy flavors. Cantonese hot pot is much ____63____ (light) with less spicy seasoning. The third one is Mongolian hot pot, which is similar to ____64____ original version of hot pot. Despite the variations of this dish, what makes hot pot become a favorite dish all over the world is its inclusiveness — everyone is free to add their favorite ____65____ (item) right into the pot, cooking and eating as they go. 五、完成句子(共20题，每题1分，满分20分)。 根据首字母和中文填入单词或短语，每空一词，注意变形。短语全对得1分，错一词不得分。 66. If you p________ (坚持不懈) in your practice, you will make steady progress in the long run. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 67. Researchers can d________ (察觉) tiny differences between similar species with the help of modern equipment. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 68. Her d________ (投入；奉献) to teaching has won deep respect from every student in her class. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 69. The team will a________ (分配) different tasks to members according to their strengths and skills. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 70. It is really r________ (非凡的) that the young player has made such great progress within just one year. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 71. The speech made a deep i________ (印象) on all the students who attended the evening lecture last Friday. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 72. We still cannot g________ (保证) that every plan will go exactly as we have expected. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 73. If you show enough e________ (热情) for what you learn, you will make much faster progress. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 74. After a fierce fight, our team managed to d________ (打败) the strong opponent and won the tournament. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 75. The teacher will i________ (通知) all parents about the coming sports meeting next week. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 76. The hard work of all the volunteers ________ ________ (取得回报) and they received wide praise from the public. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 77. To our surprise, the young singer ________ ________ (突然出现在……) the national stage and became popular overnight.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 78. The young player won three games ________ ________ ________ (连续地) and finally entered the semi-final competition. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 79. A good sense of humour can ________ ________ ________ (奏效，达到预期效果) when you want to relax a nervous atmosphere.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 80. If you ________ ________ (不能完成) your daily tasks on time, you will feel more stressed as the deadline draws near.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 81. She admires her grandmother, so she decides to ________ ________ ________ ________ (仿效她) and work as a doctor. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 82. Try to ________ ________ (振作起来) when you meet difficulties because ups and downs are part of life. (根据中英文提示完成句子) 83. People nearby were afraid that the old stone bridge would ________ ________ (倒塌，向下垮) after weeks of heavy rain.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 84. More and more teenagers are ready to ________ ________ ________ (响应号召) and take action to protect the wildlife around us. (根据中英文提示完成句子) 85. This special kind of red mangrove ________ ________ ________ (源于……，原产于) the warm wet coastal areas in South China.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 六、应用文写作(满分20分) 86. 假定你是李华，你学校的图书馆正在为设计馆徽(library emblem)征集建议，现有两幅候选作品，请你给图书馆负责人写一封邮件，推荐其中一幅。内容包括： 1. 你的选择： 2. 描述图案及寓意； 3. 推荐理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数不少于80； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Librarian, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 深大实验2026-2027学年度第一学期高二年级期中考试 英语试题 本试卷共11页，86小题，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、班级、考生号、座位号填写在答题卡上。并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。 2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，上交答题卡。 一、单项选择(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) 1. The old painter used rich colours and delicate details to create a (an) ________ picture of the quiet village by the river. A. flexible B. vivid C. intense D. giant 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位老画家运用丰富的色彩和精致的细节，创作了一幅河边宁静村庄的生动画面。A. flexible灵活的；B. vivid生动的；C. intense强烈的；D. giant巨大的。根据rich colours and delicate details可知，这幅画作应该是栩栩如生、生动逼真的。 2. The teacher used a simple experiment to ________ how this complex physical principle works in our daily life. A. compose B. separate C. illuminate D. recommend 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：老师用一个简单的实验来阐明这个复杂的物理原理在我们的日常生活中是如何运作的。A. compose组成；B. separate分开；C. illuminate阐明；D. recommend推荐。此处表示老师通过实验来解释说明复杂的物理原理，illuminate符合语境。 3. Having such supportive classmates and patient teachers is regarded as a (an) ________ in my high school years. A. insight B. heritage C. myth D. blessing 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：拥有如此给予支持的同学和耐心的老师，被看作我高中时光里的一件幸事。A. insight洞察力；B. heritage遗产；C. myth神话；D. blessing幸事，福气。根据“supportive classmates and patient teachers”可知，拥有支持自己的同学和耐心的老师是难得的福气。 4. The travel blogger shared many funny stories and lively videos, making her online channel fresh and ________ for teenagers. A. emotive B. entertaining C. complicated D. essential 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位旅游博主分享了许多有趣的故事和生动的视频，使她的在线频道对青少年来说既新鲜又具有娱乐性。A. emotive引起强烈感情的；B. entertaining有趣的，娱乐的；C. complicated复杂的；D. essential必不可少的。根据“The travel blogger shared many funny stories and lively videos”可知，她的在线频道对青少年来说既新鲜又具有娱乐性。 5. The little girl was deeply attracted by the ________ design of the traditional paper-cutting on show. A. primitive B. temporary C. permanent D. innovative 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：小女孩被展出的传统剪纸的创新设计深深吸引了。A. primitive原始的；B. temporary暂时的；C. permanent永久的；D. innovative创新的。根据The little girl was deeply attracted可知，此处表示传统剪纸的“创新”设计吸引了小女孩。 6. It took the team several weeks to ________ the main cause of the strange natural event. A. identify B. criticise C. descend D. associate 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个团队花了几周的时间才确定了这一奇怪自然事件的主要原因。A. identify确定；B. criticise批评；C. descend下降；D. associate联系。根据后文the main cause of the strange natural event可知，表示团队花费时间去“确定”事件的原因。 7. It is widely believed that birds will ________ slowly to fit the changing environment. A. evolve B. generate C. sharpen D. interact 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：人们普遍认为，鸟类会缓慢地进化以适应不断变化的环境。A. evolve进化；B. generate产生；C. sharpen使敏锐；D. interact互动。根据“fit the changing environment”可知，鸟类会缓慢地进化以适应不断变化的环境。 8. The ________ of the old town lies in its simple lifestyle and well-preserved ancient buildings. A. account B. trend C. charm D. outline 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：这座古镇的魅力在于它简单的生活方式和保存完好的古建筑。A. account账户；B. trend趋势；C. charm魅力；D. outline轮廓。根据“its simple lifestyle and well-preserved ancient buildings”可知，指这座古镇的魅力。 9. The manager decided not to ________ the whole team for the mistake made by one single member. A. reveal B. blame C. cheat D. disturb 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：经理决定不因为一个成员犯的错误而责备整个团队。A. reveal揭露；B. blame责备；C. cheat欺骗；D. disturb打扰。根据“the whole team for the mistake made by one single member”可知，经理决定不因为一个成员犯的错误而责备整个团队。 10. The artist, ________ paintings show the beauty of modern architecture, will hold an exhibition next week. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：那位艺术家下周将举办一场展览，他的画作展现了现代建筑之美。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The artist。先行词The artist与paintings之间存在所属关系，即“艺术家的画作”，因此需用关系代词whose引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语修饰paintings。 11. I picked up a wooden box ________ my grandfather stored his favorite old photos and medals. A. that B. what C. when D. where 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我拿起一个木盒，里面存放着我祖父最喜欢的旧照片和奖章。空格处引导一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a wooden box。从句中主谓宾结构完整，不缺主干成分，且先行词表示地点，因此需要使用关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。 12. The theory ________ the researcher based his argument came from ancient Greek philosophers. A. that B. on which C. from which D. why 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：研究人员用来作为其论点基础的理论来自古希腊哲学家。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词theory。定语从句中包含固定搭配base sth. on sth.，意为“把……建立在……基础上”，先行词theory在从句中作介词on的宾语，因此应使用“介词on+关系代词which”引导该定语从句。 13. The research team refused ________ their schedule and would not put off ________ the final experiment. A. to adjust; conducting B. adjusting; conducting C. to adjust; to conduct D. to adjust; being conducted 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：研究团队拒绝调整他们的日程安排，并且不愿推迟进行最终的实验。refuse to do sth.意为“拒绝做某事”，为固定搭配，故第一空应填动词不定式to adjust；put off doing sth.意为“推迟做某事”，为固定搭配，且逻辑主语“研究团队”与“进行实验”之间为主动关系，故第二空应填动名词的主动形式conducting。 14. ________ the importance of teamwork, the teacher encouraged all students to cooperate in the group project. A. Realized B. Realizing C. To realize D. Being realized 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：意识到团队合作的重要性，老师鼓励所有学生在小组项目中合作。句中已有谓语动词“encouraged”，空处应填非谓语动词。句子的逻辑主语“the teacher”与动词“realize”之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作原因状语。 15. The report ________ by a group of experts yesterday ________ at tomorrow's important meeting. A. writing; will discuss B. written; is to discuss C. written; will be discussed D. having written; is to be discussed 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：昨天由一组专家撰写的这份报告将在明天的重要会议上被讨论。分析句子结构可知，第一空考查非谓语，第二空考查谓语动词；根据后文“by a group of experts yesterday”可知，第一空用过去分词written作后置定语表被动；根据 “tomorrow’s important meeting”以及report和discuss是被动关系可知，第二空用一般将来时的被动语态will be discussed。 16. ________ widely by the public helps the ancient art form survive and develop in modern times. A. Appreciated B. Appreciating C. Being appreciated D. To be appreciated 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：被公众广泛欣赏有助于这种古老的艺术形式在现代生存和发展。空处所在部分在句中作主语，谓语动词为helps，根据空后的“by the public”以及句意可知，此处表示被动意义，且描述的是一种客观事实和经常性的状态，通常使用动名词的被动式（being appreciated）作主语。 17. A great number of online speeches on artificial intelligence ________ so far to equip students with cutting-edge technological knowledge. A. had delivered B. were delivered C. had been delivered D. have been delivered 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：到目前为止，为了让学生具备前沿的科技知识，已经发表了大量关于人工智能的在线演讲。句中带有时间状语“so far”（到目前为止），时态用现在完成时。主语“A great number of online speeches”与动词“deliver”（发表）之间为动宾关系，需使用被动语态；且“a great number of + 可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词需用复数形式，助动词用have。 18. Look! The old bridge in the centre of the town ________ now for safety reasons. A. is repairing B. is being repaired C. has repaired D. was repaired 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：看！出于安全原因，镇中心的那座旧桥现在正在被维修。根据“Look!”和“now”可知，维修的动作正在进行，应使用现在进行时；同时，主语“The old bridge”（旧桥）与动词“repair”（维修）之间是被动关系，即桥被维修，因此需要使用现在进行时态的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are being + 过去分词”，主语为单数第三人称，谓语动词用is being repaired。 19. During the field trip to the coastal wetland last spring, we ________ rare kinds of birds and recorded their living habits. A. spotted B. were spotted C. had spotted D. have spotted 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：去年春天去沿海湿地实地考察时，我们发现了稀有鸟类并记录了它们的生活习性。句中带有明确的过去时间状语“last spring”，表示发生在过去的动作，且主语“we”与动词“spot”之间为主动关系，故应用一般过去时的主动语态，此外，空处与后面的“recorded”作并列谓语，时态应保持一致，所以谓语动词为spotted。 20. By the time the rescue team ________ at the village, most of the survivors ________ to a safe place by the local villagers. A. arriving; have moved B. had arrived; were moved C. arrived; had been moved D. arrived; have been moved 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：到救援队到达村庄的时候，大多数幸存者已经被当地村民转移到了安全的地方。By the time引导的时间状语从句中，若从句谓语动词用一般过去时（arrived），主句通常用过去完成时，表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。同时，主句主语most of the survivors与动词move之间是被动关系，故主句应用过去完成时的被动语态（had been moved）。 二、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Young Writers Awards About the Contest Bennington College has a unique literary tradition. We’ve had twelve Pulitzer Prize winners, three US poet laureates, four MacArthur Geniuses, and two of Time Magazine’s 100 most influential people. In celebration of this, Bennington launched the Young Writers Awards to promote excellence in writing at the high school level. Students are invited to enter with the following work: ● Poetry: A group of three poems ● Fiction: A short story (1,500 words or fewer) or one-act play ● Nonfiction: A personal or academic essay (1,500 words or fewer) A first-, second-, and third-place winner is selected in each category. We welcome participation of both US and international students. Awards & Rules First-place winners in each category are awarded a prize of $1,000; second-place winners receive $500; third-place winners receive $250. No charge for entrance. Fees for accidents caused by participants are required. All entries must be original work reviewed, approved and guided by a teacher. We will use your teacher as a contact for the competition should we have any questions. For homeschooled students, please contact one to assist in your writing even if you have experience in such competitions. Young Writers Awards winners are also qualified for undergraduate scholarships at Bennington. Winners who apply and gain admission to Bennington will receive $15,000 every year for four years, for a total of $60,000. 21. What can be learned about the Young Writers Awards? A. It rewards three winners at last. B. It’s a tradition of Bennington College. C. It accepts participants worldwide. D. It offers scholarships to current undergraduates. 22. What are the participants asked to do? A. Hand in a personal essay. B. Have related writing experience. C. Pay an entry fee on time. D. Find a teacher to help with the entry. 23. How much will the second-place winner to be admitted into Bennington gain in total? A. $15,000. B. $15,500. C. $60,000. D. $60,500. 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍本宁顿学院青年作家大赛的赛事背景、参赛作品类型、参赛对象、奖项与参赛规则。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据About the Contest部分“We welcome participation of both US and international students. (我们欢迎美国以及国际学生参赛)”可知，该比赛接受世界各地的参赛者。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Awards & Rules部分“All entries must be original work reviewed, approved and guided by a teacher. (所有参赛作品必须是经过老师审查、批准和指导的原创作品)”可知，参赛者需要找一位老师协助完成参赛作品。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Awards & Rules部分“second-place winners receive $500 (第二名获得者将获得500美元)”以及“Winners who apply and gain admission to Bennington will receive $15,000 every year for four years, for a total of $60,000. (申请并获得本宁顿学院录取的获奖者将在四年内每年获得15000美元共计60000美元)”可知，二等奖有500美元奖金，加上60000美元奖学金，合计60500美元。 B A crowd cheered Kunle Adeyanju as he turned off his motorbike engine after completing a tiring 41-day trip. The 44-year-old left London on April 19 and arrived in Nigeria’s commercial center Lagos on Sunday after travelling more than 8,000 miles across 13 countries. He started the journey to raise funds for Rotary International to deal with polio (小儿麻痹症) in his homeland Nigeria. Accompanied by a dozen bikers for the last part of the journey from the Republic of Benin, Adeyanju was warmly welcomed by supporters in Ikeja. Adeyanju, called “Lion Heart” by fans, won popularity among the public by posting daily pictures with comments about his journey on social media. At every stop along the way, he was greeted by warm supporters. He did face some challenges, like the one in Mali where one of his wheels broke. “I was standing in the middle of the night, alone in a bush, not knowing what to do, without speaking the language,” he said. So he had to walk to the nearest village. “Fortunately, the locals helped me.” Not all of the challenges he faced were solved smoothly. “Mauritania, a country in northwest Africa, was ‘terrible’,” he said, after he got robbed of hundreds of euros. “The worst experience,” he added. This former Shell employee self-funded his trip with 20,400 in savings, hoping to raise up to 48 million for Rotary International. “I have been suffering from a lack of sleep lately because I slept only three to four hours per night. But I feel proud because I finished this challenge,” Adeyanju said just after he arrived, adding that he is now planning to have a possible cycling trip to Ghana or a bike ride to Israel to help raise more funds. And he has another dream: to climb Mount Qomolangma. 24. Why did Adeyanju go on the 41-day trip? A. To challenge himself. B. To help people fight polio. C. To connect with more people. D. To advertise Rotary International. 25. How did Adeyanju become popular during the journey? A. By using the title “Lion Heart”. B. By commenting on other bikers’ journeys. C. By sharing his experiences online. D. By showing his deep love for his hometown. 26. What happened to Adeyanju in Mauritania? A. He got lost in the bush. B. He met with crime. C. He failed to understand the locals. D. He broke his motorbike. 27. Which words can best describe Adeyanju? A. Caring and determined. B. Reliable and outstanding. C. Generous and brilliant. D. Ambitious and confident. 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述Kunle Adeyanju完成41天跨国摩托车骑行，为在尼日利亚抗击小儿麻痹症的国际扶轮社募集善款。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“He started the journey to raise funds for Rotary International to deal with polio (小儿麻痹症) in his homeland Nigeria. (他开启这段旅程，为国际扶轮社筹集资金，解决祖国尼日利亚的小儿麻痹症问题)”可知，Adeyanju骑行的目的是帮助人们对抗小儿麻痹症。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Adeyanju, called “Lion Heart” by fans, won popularity among the public by posting daily pictures with comments about his journey on social media. (Adeyanju被粉丝称为“狮心”，通过在社交媒体发布旅途日常照片与评论，获得大众的喜爱)”可知，他是通过在网上分享自己的旅途经历而受到欢迎。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段““Mauritania, a country in northwest Africa, was ‘terrible’,” he said, after he got robbed of hundreds of euros. (在被抢走数百欧元后，他说：“非洲西北部国家毛里塔尼亚‘很糟糕’。”)”可知，他在毛里塔尼亚遭到抢劫，遭遇了犯罪事件。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The 44-year-old left London on April 19 and arrived in Nigeria’s commercial center Lagos on Sunday after travelling more than 8,000 miles across 13 countries. He started the journey to raise funds for Rotary International to deal with polio (小儿麻痹症) in his homeland Nigeria. (这位44岁的男子于4月19日离开伦敦，在13个国家旅行了8000多英里后，于周日抵达尼日利亚的商业中心拉各斯。他开启这段旅程，为国际扶轮社筹集资金，解决祖国尼日利亚的小儿麻痹症问题)”以及第三段“He did face some challenges (他确实遇到了一些挑战)”可知，为公益筹款体现他富有爱心，克服诸多艰难完成长途骑行体现他意志坚定。 C Normally, giving food to wild animals is not allowed, but the situation in Florida with over 1,000 manatees (海牛) dying from hunger leads officials to consider a plan to feed them. “We’ve never done such a thing with any wildlife, but the situation has become such an emergency that it has to be considered,” said Patrick Rose, the Executive Director of Save the Manatee Club. “This is a necessary but temporary measure. But I believe the impact is lasting.” The new plan would involve feeding manatees at a Florida Power & Light plant in Cape Canaveral where manatees stay in cold winter months because of the warm water release there. It would be an experiment involving greens supplied in a controlled way such as via a delivery belt. “People will not be permitted to simply start throwing food. It’s illegal, and remains so.” Manatees have long struggled to survive with humans, whose activities bring many harmful effects. Hundreds of the slow-moving animals are struck by boats every year. The accidents have led to slow-speed manatee zones throughout Florida with violations (违反) punishable by heavy fines. However, they are just responsible for a small part of the loss of manatees. The hunger threat has led to a record of 1,017 manatee deaths. This has been caused mainly by wastewater from farms and urban areas that promotes algal blooms (藻华). Climate change worsening algal blooms is also a factor. And it’s not just manatees. People’s health can also be affected by the blooms along with the health of a range of sea creatures. Besides, there’s an economic loss for boat captains and sightseeing tour organizers. “Actually, saving manatees is part of saving the ecosystem. If we take care, manatees will grow well. If we don’t, they won’t,” Rose said. “We’re in the most critical position.” Manatees were listed as endangered when the government started to protect them in 1967. Increased protections helped manatee numbers rise from around 1,000 to 8,000 by 2017, which was enough to have their position to be downgraded from “endangered” to “threatened”. 28. What can be learned about the plan to feed manatees? A. It is a long-term strategy. B. It is carried out across Florida. C. It is the first of its kind. D. It is aimed at rebuilding the ecosystem. 29. What does the underlined word “they” refer to in paragraph 3? A. Human activities. B. Boat accidents. C. Slow-speed manatee zones. D. Heavy fines. 30. Why does the author mention the numbers in the last paragraph? A. To prove manatees’ value in the ecosystem. B. To explain challenges faced by manatees. C. To encourage people to feed manatees actively. D. To show the necessity of humans’ protections. 31. What is the text mainly about? A. Wide-ranging effects of manatees’ deaths. B. A special feeding plan for Florida manatees. C. Growing food shortage faced by manatees. D. Ecological crises caused by human activities. 【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了佛罗里达州因大量海牛死于饥饿而考虑实施前所未有的临时投喂方案，同时文章分析海牛死亡的各类诱因，回顾海牛的保护历程，指出救助海牛的生态意义。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“We’ve never done such a thing with any wildlife, but the situation has become such an emergency that it has to be considered (我们从未对任何野生动物做过这样的事情，但形势已经十分紧急，必须予以考虑)”可知，投喂海牛的计划是史无前例的。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Hundreds of the slow-moving animals are struck by boats every year. The accidents have led to slow-speed manatee zones throughout Florida with violations (违反) punishable by heavy fines. However, they are just responsible for a small part of the loss of manatees. (每年数百只行动迟缓的海牛遭到船只撞击。这些事故促使佛罗里达各地设立海牛低速区，违规者会被处以高额罚款。然而，它们只造成小部分海牛死亡)”可知，代词they指代上文提到的船只撞击事故。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Manatees were listed as endangered when the government started to protect them in 1967. Increased protections helped manatee numbers rise from around 1,000 to 8,000 by 2017, which was enough to have their position to be downgraded from “endangered” to “threatened”. (1967年政府开始保护海牛时，海牛被列为濒危物种。加强保护使海牛数量从约1000只增长到2017年的8000只，保护等级从“濒危”下调为“受威胁”)”可知，作者列举数据，展现人类保护带来海牛数量回升，以此体现人类保护的必要性。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Normally, giving food to wild animals is not allowed, but the situation in Florida with over 1,000 manatees (海牛) dying from hunger leads officials to consider a plan to feed them. (通常投喂野生动物是不被允许的，但佛罗里达州超一千头海牛饿死的现状促使官员考虑一项投喂它们的计划)”以及全文可知，全文围绕佛罗里达州针对海牛的特殊投喂计划展开。 D Have you ever walked into a room and forgotten why you went there, or been about to speak but suddenly realized you had no idea what to say? The human brain normally balances countless inputs, thoughts and actions, but sometimes, it seems to short-circuit (短路). So what really happens? Understanding why we forget first requires us to adjust our views of memory. “It is generally believed that memory is just one thing,” said Jaeggi, a professor of psychology. “However, there are very different parts of memory, and they’re also related to different cognitive (认知的) processes.” There are two different types of memory: long-term and working memory. The former is a broad category of memories that involve experience and skills stored in the brain for extended periods. On the other hand, thoughts in working memory are only present for a brief period. “Every piece of new information, inner dialogue and sensory input is passed through working memory and certain characteristics of working memory explain why we forget those thoughts,” said Earl K. Miller, a professor of neuroscience at MIT. First, psychologists suggest that people can hold only about four to seven “chunks” (块) of information — such as letters, digits, words or phrases — in their working memory at a time. Rather than being aware of all of these “chunks” all at once, the brain bounces around from one idea to another, making it more likely to forget one. Second, the brain quickly removes unimportant things from working memory to make room for new information. So unless those short-term memories are transferred into long-term memories (a process called consolidation), they’ll soon disappear. But for those who regularly struggle with thoughts disappearing from their mind, Jaeggi and Miller have some advice. In the first place, Miller says multitasking makes forgetting more likely. Jaeggi mentions if you walk into a room and forget why you went in there, go back into the room you were before. The context hints might give the brain extra help to reach back a few seconds in working memory and bring back the thought that’s already gone. 32. What can be learned about human brains from paragraph 1? A. They can become easily overloaded. B. They experience occasional memory loss. C. They are sensitive to a short-circuit condition. D. They frequently switch between different tasks. 33. Why may we forget thoughts in working memory? A. Sensory input is hard to process and handle. B. New information keeps coming in nonstop. C. Short-term memories are of low quality. D. Brains jump between ideas and clear useless data. 34. What is Jaeggi’s suggestion for recovering a lost thought? A. Setting a reminder ahead of time. B. Centering on the new task at hand. C. Returning to the previous context. D. Visualizing the thought in your mind. 35. What is a suitable title for the text? A. The Secret of Memory Loss B. Cognitive Processes of Memory C. Multitasking’s Impact on Memory D. The Weaknesses of Working Memory 【答案】32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文解释了人突然忘事的原因，介绍了工作记忆的特点，并给出找回遗忘想法的建议。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Have you ever walked into a room and forgotten why you went there, or been about to speak but suddenly realized you had no idea what to say? The human brain normally balances countless inputs, thoughts and actions, but sometimes, it seems to short-circuit (短路). (你有没有过这样的经历：走进一个房间，却突然忘记自己为何而来，或者正准备开口说话，却猛然意识到自己不知道该说什么？人脑通常能够平衡无数的输入、想法和行动，但有时它似乎会短路。)”可知，人脑会经历偶尔的记忆丢失。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Rather than being aware of all of these “chunks” all at once, the brain bounces around from one idea to another, making it more likely to forget one. Second, the brain quickly removes unimportant things from working memory to make room for new information. (大脑并不会同时意识到所有这些“块”，而是在一个想法和另一个想法之间跳来跳去，这使得忘记其中一个更有可能。其次，大脑会迅速从工作记忆中清除不重要的事物，为新信息腾出空间。)”可知，我们可能忘记工作记忆中的想法，是因为大脑在不同想法间跳跃并清除无用数据。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Jaeggi mentions if you walk into a room and forget why you went in there, go back into the room you were before. The context hints might give the brain extra help to reach back a few seconds in working memory and bring back the thought that’s already gone. (Jaeggi提到，如果你走进一个房间却忘了自己为什么进去，就回到你之前所在的房间。情境线索可能会给大脑额外的帮助，让它回到工作记忆中的几秒钟之前，并把已经消失的想法带回来。)”可知，Jaeggi建议回到先前的情境中来找回丢失的想法。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The human brain normally balances countless inputs, thoughts and actions, but sometimes, it seems to short-circuit (短路). So what really happens?(人脑通常能够平衡无数的输入、想法和行动，但有时它似乎会短路。那么到底发生了什么？)”以及全文围绕大脑为何会遗忘、工作记忆的特点及找回遗忘想法的建议展开可知，文章主要揭示了记忆丢失背后的秘密。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You may hear the phrase — dress for success. ____36____. But does it matter what you wear for a workout (锻炼)? Listed below are four reasons why you should wear good quality workout clothing. The right athletic clothing increases confidence. The clothing you wear is going to make a difference if you believe it’s going to help you perform better. Studies have shown the positive impact of wearing the right clothes for your workplace and this extends to sports and fitness too. ____37____. That is to say, if you like what you are wearing at the gym, there is a greater chance you will want to exercise. ____38____ Running shoes offer reliable support for your feet while you jog on roads, allowing you to stay comfortable and keep moving for a longer time. However, they would not be suitable on the soccer field. Shoes made for running lack the flexibility and stability required for other sports, thus affecting your performance. The right workout equipment adds protection & prevents injuries. You may want a cap to cover your head or use gloves in the gym to protect your hands, but using improperly fitted equipment is a major cause of sports-related injuries. ____39____. Well-fitted athletic clothing improves freedom of movement. ____40____. A tight shirt can limit your movement. Even if you are able to swing or make other movements, you will be affected if you are aware of the tightness around your body. A. The proper sportswear helps you exercise longer B. The correct sportswear improves performance C. Full mobility is important in intense sports D. It usually refers to what you wear for work E. Gym gloves and caps can reduce risks during training F. If you know you look great, you are more likely to act it out G. It will consequently turn a pleasing workout into hospital visits 【答案】36. D 37. F 38. B 39. G 40. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了运动时应穿质量好的运动服装的四个原因。 【36题详解】 根据上文“You may hear the phrase — dress for success.(你可能听过这句话——为成功而着装)”可知，前文提到短语“dress for success”，D项“它通常指你工作时的穿着”承接解释该短语的含义，衔接自然。 【37题详解】 根据标题“The right athletic clothing increases confidence.(合适的运动服能提升自信)”以及后文“That is to say, if you like what you are wearing at the gym, there is a greater chance you will want to exercise.(也就是说，如果你喜欢你在健身房的穿搭，你会更愿意去锻炼)”可知，本段主题是合适的运动服提升自信，后文说明喜欢健身时的穿着会更愿意锻炼，F项“如果你知道自己看起来很棒，你更有可能付诸行动”契合自信提升、更愿意运动的逻辑。 【38题详解】 根据后文“Running shoes offer reliable support for your feet while you jog on roads, allowing you to stay comfortable and keep moving for a longer time. However, they would not be suitable on the soccer field. Shoes made for running lack the flexibility and stability required for other sports, thus affecting your performance.(跑鞋能在你公路慢跑时为双脚提供可靠支撑，让你保持舒适，坚持运动更久。但它们并不适合足球场。跑鞋缺少其他运动所需的灵活性与稳定性，进而影响你的发挥)”可知，空处是本段小标题，本段内容讲不同运动的专用鞋适配对应场景、避免影响运动表现，B项“正确的运动服提升运动表现”概括本段核心。 【39题详解】 根据上文“You may want a cap to cover your head or use gloves in the gym to protect your hands, but using improperly fitted equipment is a major cause of sports-related injuries.(你可能想戴帽子护住头部，或是在健身房戴手套保护双手，但是装备不合身是运动受伤的主要诱因)”可知，前文提到使用不合适的装备是运动损伤的主要诱因，G项“这会把愉快的锻炼变成去医院的经历”承接不当装备引发损伤的后果。 【40题详解】 根据标题“Well-fitted athletic clothing improves freedom of movement.(合身的运动服提升活动自由度)”以及后文“A tight shirt can limit your movement. Even if you are able to swing or make other movements, you will be affected if you are aware of the tightness around your body.(紧身衣会限制你的动作。就算你可以摆臂或是做出其他动作，如果一直感受到衣物紧绷，也会受到影响)”以及本段主题是合身的运动服提升活动自由度，后文提到紧身衣会限制动作，C项“在高强度运动中完全的活动自由度很重要”呼应段落核心的活动自由相关内容。 三、完型填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Adam invited me to a camping trip to the mountains, I pictured a lovely house with comfortable beds. Therefore, I decided to ____41____ light with some food and clothes, imagining how ____42____ I would be when Adam and his older brother, Leo, showed up with a truck filled with supplies — tents, sleeping bags and water bottles! Led by Leo, we reached the ____43____. “Watch out for the falling rocks!” Leo ____44____ from time to time. Finally, we got to the mountain top. I dropped my backpack to ____45____ the pain of my shoulders. Looking up at the sky, Leo said, “A storm is developing. We need to ____46____ the tents.” He and Adam worked smoothly and ____47____, while I stood around and pretended to help. Fortunately, we set up the camp before the storm ____48____. Sensing that I was scared, Leo began to share with us some cookies while talking about his camping experiences. Thanks to the ____49____ and stories, my fear of the lightning and thunder ____50____. “The campsite might get a bit muddy, but if you can’t get ____51____, what’s the fun in camping?” He said with a ____52____. Soon the storm was gone, ____53____ us to exit the tent. I could see the stars for miles in the night sky. I won’t ____54____ — I was dying for a hot shower and a soft bed, but as I gazed upward at the Milky Way, I knew this was a(n) ____55____ I would never forget. 41. A. fill B. load C. pack D. store 42. A. disappointed B. delighted C. annoyed D. shocked 43. A. destination B. target C. direction D. route 44. A. explained B. warned C. whispered D. announced 45. A. recover B. cure C. settle D. relieve 46. A. give away B. put up C. hand in D. take out 47. A. painfully B. unwillingly C. skillfully D. creatively 48. A. burst B. struck C. erupted D. exploded 49. A. snack B. bag C. tent D. drink 50. A. shifted B. continued C. transformed D. disappeared 51. A. angry B. sleepy C. dirty D. hungry 52. A. bow B. nod C. sigh D. grin 53. A. allowing B. forcing C. ordering D. urging 54. A. cry B. lie C. scream D. complain 55. A. mystery B. mission C. adventure D. performance 【答案】41. C 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍作者参加山间露营，经历暴风雨后欣赏银河，收获难忘露营奇遇。 【41题详解】 考查动词。句意：因此，我决定轻装上阵，只带上一些食物和衣物。我想象着，当亚当和他的哥哥利奥开着一辆满载物资的卡车出现时，我会有多震惊——车上装着帐篷、睡袋和水瓶！A. fill装满；B. load装载；C. pack收拾；D. store储存。根据后文“with some food and clothes”可知，作者收拾随身露营物品。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：因此，我决定轻装上阵，只带上一些食物和衣物。我想象着，当亚当和他的哥哥利奥开着一辆满载物资的卡车出现时，我会有多震惊 ——车上装着帐篷、睡袋和水瓶！A. disappointed失望的；B. delighted开心的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. shocked震惊的。根据前文“I pictured a lovely house with comfortable beds”可知，作者原本以为会有舒适小屋，见到大量露营装备十分意外。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：在利奥的带领下，我们抵达目的地。A. destination目的地；B. target目标；C. direction方向；D. route路线。根据后文“Finally, we got to the mountain top”可知，一行人向着露营目的地行进。 【44题详解】 考查动词。句意：“小心落石！”利奥时不时地提醒我们。A. explained解释；B. warned警告；C. whispered低语；D. announced宣布。根据前文“Watch out for the falling rocks!”可知，这是利奥发出的安全警示。 【45题详解】 考查动词。句意：我放下背包来缓解肩膀的酸痛。A. recover恢复；B. cure治愈；C. settle安顿；D. relieve减轻。根据后文“the pain of my shoulders”可知，放下背包是为了减轻肩部疼痛。 【46题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：暴风雨就要来了，我们需要搭起帐篷。A. give away赠送；B. put up搭建；C. hand in上交；D. take out取出。根据后文“we set up the camp”可知，此处指搭建帐篷。 【47题详解】 考查副词。句意：他和亚当配合默契、手法熟练，而我站在一旁假装帮忙。A. painfully痛苦地；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. skillfully熟练地；D. creatively有创意地。根据前文“worked smoothly”可知，二人搭帐篷动作娴熟流畅。 【48题详解】 考查动词。句意：幸运的是，我们在暴风雨来临之前搭好了营地。A. burst爆发；B. struck降临；C. erupted喷发；D. exploded爆炸。根据前文“A storm is developing”可知，此处表示暴风雨袭来。 【49题详解】 考查名词。句意：多亏这份点心和故事，我对雷电的恐惧消散了。A. snack点心；B. bag包；C. tent帐篷；D. drink饮品。根据前文“Leo began to share with us some cookies”可知，饼干属于点心。 【50题详解】 考查动词。句意：多亏这份点心和故事，我对雷电的恐惧消散了。A. shifted转移；B. continued继续；C. transformed转变；D. disappeared消失。根据前文“Sensing that I was scared, Leo began to share with us some cookies while talking about his camping experiences”可知，利奥的举动抚平了作者的恐惧。 【51题详解】 考查形容词。句意：营地可能会变得有些泥泞，但如果不能弄得一身脏，露营还有什么乐趣呢？A. angry生气的；B. sleepy困倦的；C. dirty脏的；D. hungry饥饿的。根据前文“The campsite might get a bit muddy”可知，泥泞环境容易把人弄脏，故选C项。 【52题详解】 考查名词。句意：他笑着说了这句话。A. bow鞠躬；B. nod点头；C. sigh叹气；D. grin咧嘴笑。根据前文“The campsite might get a bit muddy, but if you can’t get ______, what’s the fun in camping?”可知，利奥说出这句轻松风趣的话，是带着笑意的。 【53题详解】 考查动词。句意：不久暴风雨停了，我们得以走出帐篷。A. allowing使能够；B. forcing强迫；C. ordering命令；D. urging催促。根据前文“the storm was gone”可知，风雨停歇，允许大家走出帐篷。 【54题详解】 考查动词。句意：说实话——我当时特别想洗个热水澡、睡上柔软的床，但当我抬头仰望银河时，我知道这是一场我永生难忘的冒险。A. cry哭泣；B. lie撒谎；C. scream尖叫；D. complain抱怨。根据后文“I was dying for a hot shower and a soft bed”可知，作者坦诚自己的想法，没有说谎。 【55题详解】 考查名词。句意：说实话——我当时特别想洗个热水澡、睡上柔软的床，但当我抬头仰望银河时，我知道这是一场我永生难忘的冒险。A. mystery谜团；B. mission任务；C. adventure冒险；D. performance表演。根据前文第一段中的“When Adam invited me to a camping trip to the mountains”以及经历暴风雨、山中露营的整套经历可知，这场山间露营属于一次冒险。 四、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever sunk a spoon and a pair of chopsticks into a deep bowl of hot pot? If so, then you know that this widely-appreciated dish can be ____56____ (absolute) delicious and fun to eat. Typically ____57____ (link) with Chinese food, hot pot is commonly seasoned with all kinds of traditional Chinese ingredients, ranging from raw shellfish ____58____ sliced mushrooms. Today hot pot is enjoyed all across Asia, but people still argue about its true origin. Some historians trace ____59____ (it) beginnings back to boatmen living along the Yangtze and Jialing rivers around Chongqing, China, ____60____ invented an inexpensive and efficient way to eat. Others believe early hot pots had something to do with Mongol soldiers. As they traveled and camped across Asia and beyond, they’d sit around the fires, ____61____ (enjoy) hot soup in one of their overturned helmets (头盔). Nowadays there are three major styles of hot pot. Sichuan hot pot ____62____ (feature) strong and spicy flavors. Cantonese hot pot is much ____63____ (light) with less spicy seasoning. The third one is Mongolian hot pot, which is similar to ____64____ original version of hot pot. Despite the variations of this dish, what makes hot pot become a favorite dish all over the world is its inclusiveness — everyone is free to add their favorite ____65____ (item) right into the pot, cooking and eating as they go. 【答案】56. absolutely 57. linked 58. to 59. its 60. who 61. enjoying 62. features 63. lighter 64. the 65. items 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了广受欢迎的美食火锅的特点、起源争议以及当下的三大主流火锅风格，说明了火锅风靡全球的核心原因是其包容性。 【56题详解】 考查副词。句意：如果有过的话，那你就知道这道广受喜爱的菜肴绝对美味，吃起来也很有乐趣。设空处修饰后面的形容词delicious需用副词absolutely进行修饰。 【57题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：通常人们会把火锅和中餐联系在一起，火锅通常用各种中国传统食材调味，从生贝类到切片蘑菇都有。句子主干为hot pot is commonly seasoned...，设空处为非谓语作状语，逻辑主语hot pot和动词link之间是被动关系，固定搭配为be linked with表示“与……相关联”，因此用过去分词linked。 【58题详解】 考查介词。句意：通常人们会把火锅和中餐联系在一起，火锅通常用各种中国传统食材调味，从生贝类到切片蘑菇都有。固定搭配range from...to...表示“从……到……范围”，因此填入介词to。 【59题详解】 考查代词。句意：一些历史学家将它的起源追溯到中国重庆长江和嘉陵江沿岸的船工，这些船工发明了一种便宜又高效的饮食方式。设空处修饰后面的名词beginnings，需要用形容词性物主代词，指代前文的hot pot，因此人称代词it变为形容词性物主代词its。 【60题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：一些历史学家将它的起源追溯到中国重庆长江和嘉陵江沿岸的船工，这些船工发明了一种便宜又高效的饮食方式。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是表示人的名词boatmen，关系词在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who。 【61题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当他们在亚洲及更远的地方行军扎营时，他们会围坐在火堆旁，用倒扣的头盔享用热汤。设空处为非谓语作伴随状语，逻辑主语they和动词enjoy之间是主动关系，因此用现在分词enjoying。 【62题详解】 考查一般现在时的主谓一致。句意：四川火锅的特点是味道浓烈辛辣。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语Sichuan hot pot是单数第三人称，谓语动词feature要变为第三人称单数形式features。 【63题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：广东火锅味道更清淡，调味料没那么辣。句子将广东火锅和前文提到的四川火锅作对比，设空处前面有程度副词much，much常用来修饰形容词比较级，因此形容词light要变为比较级lighter。 【64题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：第三种是蒙古火锅，它和火锅的原始版本很相似。设空处后面的名词original version有特指含义，特指火锅最初的形态，因此要使用定冠词the限定特指对象。 【65题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：尽管这道菜肴有很多变体，让火锅成为全球最受欢迎的菜肴的是它的包容性——每个人都可以随意把自己喜欢的食材直接放进锅里，边煮边吃。设空处前面的修饰词是their favorite，指代每个人各自喜欢的事物，是多个不同的食材，括号内的可数名词item要变为复数形式items。 五、完成句子(共20题，每题1分，满分20分)。 根据首字母和中文填入单词或短语，每空一词，注意变形。短语全对得1分，错一词不得分。 66. If you p________ (坚持不懈) in your practice, you will make steady progress in the long run. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】 persevere##ersevere 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你在练习中坚持不懈，从长远来看你会取得稳步的进步。根据中文提示“坚持不懈”和首字母p可知，应填动词persevere。此处为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则（主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时），且从句主语为you，谓语动词应用原形。 67. Researchers can d________ (察觉) tiny differences between similar species with the help of modern equipment. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】 detect##etect 【解析】 【详解】句意：研究人员在现代设备的帮助下，能够察觉相似物种之间的微小差异。根据首字母d和中文提示“察觉”可知，空处应用动词detect，且情态动词can后接动词原形。 68. Her d________ (投入；奉献) to teaching has won deep respect from every student in her class. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】 devotion##evotion##dedication##edication 【解析】 【详解】句意：她对教学的投入赢得了班上每个学生的深深尊敬。根据所给汉语提示“投入；奉献”及首字母d可知，此处应用名词devotion或dedication，在句中作主语。 69. The team will a________ (分配) different tasks to members according to their strengths and skills. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】 assign##ssign 【解析】 【详解】句意：团队将根据成员的优势和技能向他们分配不同的任务。空前有助动词will，故此处应使用动词原形。根据中文提示“分配”及首字母a可知，应填assign。固定搭配assign tasks to sb.意为“把任务分配给某人”。 70. It is really r________ (非凡的) that the young player has made such great progress within just one year. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】 remarkable##emarkable 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位年轻球员在短短一年内取得了如此巨大的进步，真是非同凡响。根据首字母r和中文提示“非凡的”可知，应填入形容词remarkable，在句中作表语。 71. The speech made a deep i________ (印象) on all the students who attended the evening lecture last Friday. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】impression##mpression 【解析】 【详解】句意：这场演讲给所有参加上周五晚间讲座的学生留下了深刻的印象。根据汉语提示“印象”及首字母可知，此处应填名词impression，空前有不定冠词a，填单数形式，在句中作宾语；make a... impression on sb.是固定搭配，意为“给某人留下……印象”。 72. We still cannot g________ (保证) that every plan will go exactly as we have expected. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】 guarantee##uarantee 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们仍然不能保证每个计划都会完全按照我们预期的那样进行。根据中文提示“保证”及首字母“g”可知，应填入动词 guarantee，空前为情态动词 cannot，其后需接动词原形。 73. If you show enough e________ (热情) for what you learn, you will make much faster progress. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】 enthusiasm##nthusiasm 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你对所学的知识表现出足够的热情，你将会取得快得多的进步。根据中文提示“热情”和首字母e可知，应填名词enthusiasm，在句中作动词show的宾语，为不可数名词。 74. After a fierce fight, our team managed to d________ (打败) the strong opponent and won the tournament. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】 defeat##efeat 【解析】 【详解】句意：经过激烈的比赛，我们队设法打败了强劲的对手，赢得了锦标赛。根据汉语提示“打败”及首字母可知，空处应填动词defeat；manage to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”，动词不定式符号to后应接动词原形。 75. The teacher will i________ (通知) all parents about the coming sports meeting next week. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】 inform##nform 【解析】 【详解】句意：老师将通知所有家长关于下周即将到来的运动会。根据中文提示“通知”和首字母i，可知应填动词inform。助动词will后接动词原形，且inform sb. about sth.为固定搭配，意为“通知某人某事”。 76. The hard work of all the volunteers ________ ________ (取得回报) and they received wide praise from the public. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. paid ②. off 【解析】 【详解】句意：所有志愿者的辛苦付出取得了回报，他们获得了公众的广泛赞誉。根据汉语提示可知短语为pay off，且发生在过去用一般过去时。 77. To our surprise, the young singer ________ ________ (突然出现在……) the national stage and became popular overnight.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. burst ②. onto 【解析】 【详解】句意：令我们惊讶的是，这位年轻歌手突然登上国家级舞台，一夜走红。根据汉语提示可知短语为burst onto，结合became可知为一般过去时。 78. The young player won three games ________ ________ ________ (连续地) and finally entered the semi-final competition. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. in ②. a ③. row 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位年轻选手连胜三场，最终晋级半决赛。根据汉语提示可知短语为in a row，介词短语作状语。 79. A good sense of humour can ________ ________ ________ (奏效，达到预期效果) when you want to relax a nervous atmosphere.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. do ②. the ③. trick 【解析】 【详解】句意：当你想要缓和紧张气氛时，良好的幽默感可以奏效，达到预期效果。根据汉语提示可知，此处表示“奏效，达到预期效果”，用固定短语do the trick，can后接动词原形。 80. If you ________ ________ (不能完成) your daily tasks on time, you will feel more stressed as the deadline draws near.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. can’t  ②. finish 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你不能按时完成日常任务，随着截止日期临近，你会感到压力更大。表示“不能”用can’t，表示“完成”用finish，情态动词后用动词原形。 81. She admires her grandmother, so she decides to ________ ________ ________ ________ (仿效她) and work as a doctor. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. follow ②. in ③. her ④. footsteps 【解析】 【详解】句意：她很敬佩奶奶，所以决定追随她的脚步，成为一名医生。根据汉语提示可知短语为follow in one’s footsteps，此处为不定式作宾语，且主语为she，用形容词性物主代词her。 82. Try to ________ ________ (振作起来) when you meet difficulties because ups and downs are part of life. (根据中英文提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. cheer ②. up 【解析】 【详解】句意：遇到困难时努力振作起来，因为起起落落是人生的一部分。根据汉语提示可知短语为cheer up，此处为不定式作宾语，应填原形。 83. People nearby were afraid that the old stone bridge would ________ ________ (倒塌，向下垮) after weeks of heavy rain.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. fall ②. down 【解析】 【详解】句意：附近的人们担心，在连续几周的大雨过后，这座古老的石桥会倒塌。根据汉语提示可知，此处表示“倒塌，向下垮”，用固定短语fall down，would后接动词原形。 84. More and more teenagers are ready to ________ ________ ________ (响应号召) and take action to protect the wildlife around us. (根据中英文提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. answer ②. the ③. call 【解析】 【详解】句意：越来越多的青少年已准备好响应号召，采取行动保护我们身边的野生动物。根据汉语提示可知短语为answer the call，此处为短语be ready to do sth.，应填动词原形构成不定式。 85. This special kind of red mangrove ________ ________ ________ (源于……，原产于) the warm wet coastal areas in South China.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. is ②. native ③. to 【解析】 【详解】句意：这种特殊的红树原产于中国南方温暖湿润的沿海地区。根据汉语提示可知短语为be native to，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语用this special kind of修饰，谓语用单数。 六、应用文写作(满分20分) 86. 假定你是李华，你学校的图书馆正在为设计馆徽(library emblem)征集建议，现有两幅候选作品，请你给图书馆负责人写一封邮件，推荐其中一幅。内容包括： 1. 你的选择： 2. 描述图案及寓意； 3. 推荐理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数不少于80； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Librarian, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Librarian, I’m writing to recommend Emblem 1 for our school library. The emblem features an open book, on which a flying bird stands, with the sun shining behind it. The open book stands for knowledge, while the bird symbolizes our desire to fly freely with the power of reading. The sun represents wisdom and hope that reading brings us. I recommend it because its design is simple and impressive. It clearly shows that reading can lift us up and light our way forward. Besides, it is full of warmth and easily understood by all students. I hope my recommendation will be taken into consideration. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生推荐图书馆馆徽，说明选择、图案寓意及推荐理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 代表：stand for → be symbolic of 渴望：desire → longing 令人印象深刻的：impressive → striking 考虑：take…into consideration → take…into account 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：The open book stands for knowledge, while the bird symbolizes our desire to fly freely with the power of reading. 拓展句：The open book, which stands for knowledge, is accompanied by a bird that symbolizes our desire to fly freely with the power of reading. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】I recommend it because its design is simple and impressive. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句) 【高分句型 2】The emblem features an open book, on which a flying bird stands, with the sun shining behind it.(运用了on which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $