精品解析：辽宁大连市沙河口区部分校2026-2027学年度第一学期期中阶段练习八年级英语

2026-2027学年度第一学期期中阶段练习 八年级 英语 注意事项： 1.请在答题卡上作答，在试卷上作答无效。 2.本试卷共五大题，45小题，满分90分，考试时间为90分钟。 第一部分 选择题 (共50分) 一、阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2分;满分40分) 第一节阅读下面语言材料,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Time Activity Place For whom 9:00 – 10:00 Opening: how young inventors think School hall All students 10:00 – 11:30 Try-it zone: test 20 student inventions Science building, Room 101 Everyone (sign up first) 14:00 – 15:00 Talk: from idea to product Library, 2nd floor Grade 8 students 15:00 – 16:30 Team challenge: build a water-saving tool Science building, Room 205 Teams of four 19:00 – 20:00 Award ceremony & sharing School hall All students and parents All activities are free. Students who want to join the try-it zone must sign up at the science office before 8 October. 1. Which activity is designed for teams of four? A. The opening speech. B. The try-it zone. C. The talk in the library. D. The team challenge. 2. Where will the talk at 14:00 be held? A. In the school hall. B. In the library. C. In Room 101. D. In Room 205. 3. When should students sign up for the try-it zone? A. After 8 October. B. Before 8 October. C. At 14:00 on that day. D. At 19:00 on that day. 4. What can we learn about the activities? A. They are all free but some need signing up. B. They all take place in the school hall. C. They are only open to Grade 8 students. D. They all last for two hours. B Many teenagers think friends are very important in their life. They say they can share secrets, talk about problems and have fun together with friends. When they feel down, friends can always cheer them up. For most teens, good friends make their school life more colourful and wonderful. However, many parents worry about their children’s friends. They are afraid that their children may learn bad habits from the wrong friends. Some parents even stop their kids from playing with certain classmates. They think they know better about who is “good” or “bad” for their children. In fact, teenagers can learn a lot from different kinds of friends. Friends with different hobbies can help them find new interests. Friends with different ideas can help them see things in different ways. Parents should believe their children and let them choose their own friends. Of course, it is also good for parents to talk with their kids about friendship and give them proper advice. 5. What do many teenagers think of friends? A. Friends can bring them a lot of trouble. B. Friends are important in their life. C. Friends make them study much harder. D. Friends can solve all their problems. 6. Why do some parents stop their kids from playing with certain classmates? A. They want their kids to play at home. B. They think those classmates are not good enough. C. Their kids don’t want to go out. D. Their kids have too many friends. 7. What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. Teenagers should only make friends with top students. B. Different kinds of friends can help teenagers grow. C. Parents must never interfere with kids’ friendship. D. Teenagers can’t choose friends by themselves. 8. What is the writer’s opinion? A. Parents should give children advice on friendship properly. B. Parents must choose friends for their children. C. Teenagers don’t know how to choose good friends. D. Teenagers should learn from their parents. C Do you have to be a genius to become an inventor? The answer is no. Many of the most useful inventions in history came from ordinary people who simply noticed a problem and refused to accept it. Take the band-aid. In 1920, an American clerk named Earle Dickson married a woman who often cut herself while cooking. Every day he had to prepare long strips of cloth for her wounds. One evening he had an idea: why not put small pieces of cloth on ready-made tape so she could use them by herself? His simple idea became one of the world’s best-selling products. Or think of the sticky note. In 1968, a scientist tried to make a very strong glue but failed — the glue was so weak that paper could be peeled off easily. For years the result was useless. Then another scientist realised that this “failure” was actually perfect for marking pages in a book without damaging it. Today, sticky notes are used in offices and classrooms everywhere. What do these stories tell us? First, an inventor must be a careful observer. Second, an inventor must be willing to fail many times. And third, an inventor must be brave enough to ask a simple question: “What if we tried it another way?” “Every invention begins with a small inconvenience that someone decides to fix,” one science writer explains. “You don’t need a laboratory. You need curiosity and patience.” 9. What was Earle Dickson’s job? A. A famous scientist. B. A factory manager. C. An ordinary office clerk. D. A university professor. 10. What was the scientist trying to make in 1968? A. A new kind of paper. B. A simple office machine. C. A special kind of ink. D. A very strong glue. 11. What does the story of the sticky note tell us? A. Failure is always a waste of time. B. A failed result may become useful in another way. C. Weak glue has no use at all. D. Only scientists can invent new things. 12. What does an inventor need according to the science writer? A. A large laboratory. B. A lot of money. C. Curiosity and patience. D. A university degree. D Nick was a proud (自负的) boy. He thought that he was the best at everything he did. Whenever he lost, he would always find excuses (借口). One Friday, Randy and Jack came to the playground to play badminton. Jack was much better at badminton than Randy. After about half an hour, Randy said to Jack, “Oh, I need to take a rest. I have to say that you are really good at this game.” Their classmate Nick heard this. He laughed out loud and said, “Randy, that’s because you are really bad at the sport. I am the best of the three of us. Then, he asked Jack if he would like to play with him. Jack said, “OK.” Then, the two began to play. As a tall boy, Nick showed great skill (技巧) at playing badminton. It was not easy for Jack to win, but still, he won the game. To Jack’s surprise, Nick said, “I can win if I have a racket (球拍) as good as yours.” However, Jack didn’t think so. He said, “Let’s swap rackets to play again.” Unluckily for Nick, he still lost the game. This time round, Nick had no excuses. He lowered his head and planned to leave. However, Jack went over to him, saying, “Do not be sad! You are a skilled player, too.” Hearing this, Nick learned that he should not be too proud because there would always be somebody better than him. 13. Which sentence in Paragraph 2 shows that Nick was proud? A. Oh, I need to take a rest. B. Randy, that’s because you are really bad at the sport. C. I am the best of the three of us. D. Then, he asked Jack if he would like to play with him. 14. What does the underlined word “swap” mean in Chinese? A. 修理 B. 交换 C. 选择 D. 隐藏 15. Which is the right order of the following things? ①Nick lost the game. ②Randy wanted to take a rest. ③Randy and Jack played badminton. ④Nick and Jack played badminton. A. ③①②④ B. ④③①② C. ④②③① D. ③②④① 16. Nick’s story mainly tells us that ________. A. better late than never B. there is no such thing as a free lunch C. a good friend is like a mirror D. there is always someone better than you 第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Almost everyone has experienced the uncomfortable feeling of being misunderstood. A girl sends a brief message and her friend thinks she is angry. A mother’s care sounds like distrust to her son. A teacher asks for homework, but the student thinks the teacher dislikes him. ____17____ They may hurt friendships and family relationships. People may feel sad or angry and refuse to show their real ideas. Worse still, misunderstandings grow slowly and are hard to fix. One reason for misunderstandings is that people see the same situation differently. Our experiences and feelings shape how we understand words. ____18____ We quickly decide what others mean before we get the full facts. Then we stop listening, and small troubles turn into big ones. Recognizing misunderstandings is the first step to make changes. Slow down and listen carefully. ____19____ Empathy also works well. It helps us notice others’ true feelings and gives them a chance to explain themselves. ____20____ Nobody communicates perfectly. If we create a safe space for honest talk, we can clear up misunderstandings. Accepting misunderstandings as a common part of life helps us repair our connections with people. A. We can ask simple questions like “Did you mean…?” B. Misunderstandings like these can bring many problems. C. Another common cause is that we often jump to conclusions. D. The key to dealing with misunderstandings is kindness. E. It takes a long time for us to forget bad experiences. 二、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分;满分10分) 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A boy named Leo has invented a simple waste box. It can separate rubbish automatically (自动地). He has worked ____21____ it for one year. He got the idea on a rainy weekend when he helped his mum take out rubbish. He saw neighbours throw paper, plastic and food waste into one bin. This bad habit made recycling much harder and ____22____ lots of useful materials. Leo designed two small sensors(传感器) inside the box. When rubbish falls in, the sensors check its weight and shape. Then a small board will move and send waste into the right box below. When he tested the box, he ____23____ many difficulties. Sometimes the board moved in the wrong direction and mixed rubbish up. He spent whole afternoons checking wires and sensors, but got terrible results. He felt upset and wanted to stop and ____24____ up. But he didn’t give in easily. He turned to his science teacher for ____25____ and kept testing his design again and again. He changed parts of the box many times and tried different materials for the moving board. At last, he ____26____ it happen. Leo took his invention to the school science show. Many students and teachers were surprised ____27____ his small but clever waste box. Leo shared his story with visitors. He said, “Anyone can invent. You don’t need ____28____ tools or big labs. You just need to keep trying and care about our daily life. Small ideas can make a big difference. When you meet problems, don’t lose heart. You should ____29____ to your idea. If you keep trying, you can achieve your own dream. Never miss the ____30____ to create something new for the world around us.” 21. A. in B. on C. for D. with 22. A. wasted B. saved C. collected D. produced 23. A. faced B. solved C. avoided D. missed 24. A. give B. take C. wake D. pick 25. A. advice B. secret C. praise D. promise 26. A. got B. let C. made D. found 27. A. to B. for C. by D. of 28. A. expensive B. cheap C. strange D. simple 29. A. stick B. turn C. reply D. lead 30. A. rule B. secret C. chance D. task 第二部分 非选择题 (共40分) 三、语篇填空(共10小题，每小题1分;满分10分) 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Li Shizhen was ____31____ (bear) in 1518. His father was a poor doctor. Li Shizhen often saw people fall ill. As a child, he had strong curiosity about plants and medicine. He decided ____32____ (study) medicine so he could help sick people. Li Shizhen ____33____ (read)many old medical books. His curiosity made him check every record ____34____ (careful). He found many old medical books were full of ____35____ (mistake). So he made up ____36____ (he) mind to write a new and correct one. He tried his best to learn medical science. He studied not only the herbs (草药) in his own garden, ____37____ also the wild ones. He set out many times on long journeys and talked with old peasants. He learned a lot ____38____ the working people. After many years of hard work and study, Li Shizhen finished his great work Bencao Gangmu. At that time, he was sixty. His book is now one of the ____39____ (great) contributions of the Chinese people to the medical science around the world. His works and spirit ____40____ (drive) plenty of people for generations to explore the secrets of the world. 四、阅读与表达(共4小题，41~43小题, 每小题2分，44小题4分;满分10分) 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Joking can be a cheerful thing. However, sometimes people may see it differently. Some people may get hurt if there are too many jokes. When you show you can’t accept the jokes, the jokes might get worse. We should think about the relationships when joking. Close friends usually enjoy teasing (开玩笑). Healthy teasing can usually make people relaxed. When both sides know it’s just joking, they can understand each other better. The environment is also important for close relationships. It doesn’t matter when your sister calls your nickname (绰号) at home. However, it’s quite bad when a classmate shouts it out at school. When making a joke, we often see the funny side of it. But others may see it in a different way. Sometimes we forget that the other person may not find it funny. People have different life experiences, so they understand jokes differently. For example, imagine someone not swimming at a pool party. Others might tease him or her about being unable to swim. But maybe that person is just afraid of water. Keep in mind that people may have their own reasons for not seeing the funny side. It’s a good way to build good friendships by respecting others. In daily life, we should pay attention to our words when playing jokes. 41. What may happen if there are too many jokes? _____________________________________________ 42. How do people usually feel about healthy teasing? _____________________________________________ 43. Why do people understand jokes differently? _____________________________________________ 44. According to the passage, how can we build good relationships? (More than 20 words) _____________________________________________ 五、书面表达 (满分20分) 45. 学校正在制作学生成长英语档案袋，面向全体同学征集 “成长感悟卡”。请你以Getting along well with others is ________为题，先补全题目，写一段感悟短文放入档案袋。 提示信息： 1. 补全标题，写出你的观点； 2.简述学会与人友好相处的意义； 3.分享你在日常中与他人和睦相处的做法。 要求： 1.补全题目后再写作； 2.词数80词左右； 3.要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥； 4.文中不得出现真实人名、校名。 Getting along well with others is ________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年度第一学期期中阶段练习 八年级 英语 注意事项： 1.请在答题卡上作答，在试卷上作答无效。 2.本试卷共五大题，45小题，满分90分，考试时间为90分钟。 第一部分 选择题 (共50分) 一、阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2分;满分40分) 第一节阅读下面语言材料,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Time Activity Place For whom 9:00 – 10:00 Opening: how young inventors think School hall All students 10:00 – 11:30 Try-it zone: test 20 student inventions Science building, Room 101 Everyone (sign up first) 14:00 – 15:00 Talk: from idea to product Library, 2nd floor Grade 8 students 15:00 – 16:30 Team challenge: build a water-saving tool Science building, Room 205 Teams of four 19:00 – 20:00 Award ceremony & sharing School hall All students and parents All activities are free. Students who want to join the try-it zone must sign up at the science office before 8 October. 1. Which activity is designed for teams of four? A. The opening speech. B. The try-it zone. C. The talk in the library. D. The team challenge. 2. Where will the talk at 14:00 be held? A. In the school hall. B. In the library. C. In Room 101. D. In Room 205. 3. When should students sign up for the try-it zone? A. After 8 October. B. Before 8 October. C. At 14:00 on that day. D. At 19:00 on that day. 4. What can we learn about the activities? A. They are all free but some need signing up. B. They all take place in the school hall. C. They are only open to Grade 8 students. D. They all last for two hours. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章通过表格形式介绍了学校发明创造活动的时间、活动内容、地点及参与对象，并说明了报名要求。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格第四行“Team challenge: build a water-saving tool”对应的“For whom”列信息“Teams of four”可知，团队挑战活动是专为四人小组设计的。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格第三行“14:00–15:00”对应的“Place”列信息“Library, 2nd floor”可知，14点的讲座将在图书馆举行。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格下方文字“Students who want to join the try-it zone must sign up at the science office before 8 October.”可知，想要参加体验区的学生必须在10月8日之前报名。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格下方文字“All activities are free.”以及表格第二行“For whom”列提到的“Everyone (sign up first)”可知，所有活动都是免费的，但部分活动需要报名。 B Many teenagers think friends are very important in their life. They say they can share secrets, talk about problems and have fun together with friends. When they feel down, friends can always cheer them up. For most teens, good friends make their school life more colourful and wonderful. However, many parents worry about their children’s friends. They are afraid that their children may learn bad habits from the wrong friends. Some parents even stop their kids from playing with certain classmates. They think they know better about who is “good” or “bad” for their children. In fact, teenagers can learn a lot from different kinds of friends. Friends with different hobbies can help them find new interests. Friends with different ideas can help them see things in different ways. Parents should believe their children and let them choose their own friends. Of course, it is also good for parents to talk with their kids about friendship and give them proper advice. 5. What do many teenagers think of friends? A. Friends can bring them a lot of trouble. B. Friends are important in their life. C. Friends make them study much harder. D. Friends can solve all their problems. 6. Why do some parents stop their kids from playing with certain classmates? A. They want their kids to play at home. B. They think those classmates are not good enough. C. Their kids don’t want to go out. D. Their kids have too many friends. 7. What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. Teenagers should only make friends with top students. B. Different kinds of friends can help teenagers grow. C. Parents must never interfere with kids’ friendship. D. Teenagers can’t choose friends by themselves. 8. What is the writer’s opinion? A. Parents should give children advice on friendship properly. B. Parents must choose friends for their children. C. Teenagers don’t know how to choose good friends. D. Teenagers should learn from their parents. 【答案】5. B 6. B 7. B 8. A 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕青少年友谊展开，论述了朋友对青少年成长的重要性，分析了父母干预孩子择友的现象，并指出不同的朋友能帮助青少年成长，父母应适当给予建议而非过度干涉。 【5题详解】 根据第一段“Many teenagers think friends are very important in their life.”可知，青少年认为朋友在生活中很重要。 【6题详解】 根据第二段“They are afraid that their children may learn bad habits from the wrong friends.”可知，家长认为那些同学不够好，会带坏孩子。 【7题详解】 根据第三段“In fact, teenagers can learn a lot from different kinds of friends.”以及后文的解释可知，不同类型的朋友能帮助青少年成长。 【8题详解】 根据第三段“Of course, it is also good for parents to talk with their kids about friendship and give them proper advice.”可知，作者认为父母应该就友谊问题给孩子恰当的建议。 C Do you have to be a genius to become an inventor? The answer is no. Many of the most useful inventions in history came from ordinary people who simply noticed a problem and refused to accept it. Take the band-aid. In 1920, an American clerk named Earle Dickson married a woman who often cut herself while cooking. Every day he had to prepare long strips of cloth for her wounds. One evening he had an idea: why not put small pieces of cloth on ready-made tape so she could use them by herself? His simple idea became one of the world’s best-selling products. Or think of the sticky note. In 1968, a scientist tried to make a very strong glue but failed — the glue was so weak that paper could be peeled off easily. For years the result was useless. Then another scientist realised that this “failure” was actually perfect for marking pages in a book without damaging it. Today, sticky notes are used in offices and classrooms everywhere. What do these stories tell us? First, an inventor must be a careful observer. Second, an inventor must be willing to fail many times. And third, an inventor must be brave enough to ask a simple question: “What if we tried it another way?” “Every invention begins with a small inconvenience that someone decides to fix,” one science writer explains. “You don’t need a laboratory. You need curiosity and patience.” 9. What was Earle Dickson’s job? A. A famous scientist. B. A factory manager. C. An ordinary office clerk. D. A university professor. 10. What was the scientist trying to make in 1968? A. A new kind of paper. B. A simple office machine. C. A special kind of ink. D. A very strong glue. 11. What does the story of the sticky note tell us? A. Failure is always a waste of time. B. A failed result may become useful in another way. C. Weak glue has no use at all. D. Only scientists can invent new things. 12. What does an inventor need according to the science writer? A. A large laboratory. B. A lot of money. C. Curiosity and patience. D. A university degree. 【答案】9. C 10. D 11. B 12. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过创可贴和便利贴的发明故事，阐述了普通人也能成为发明家，以及发明需要具备观察力、接受失败和好奇心等核心观点。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第2段“In 1920, an American clerk named Earle Dickson married a woman who often cut herself while cooking.”可推知Earle Dickson的职业是clerk，即普通办公室职员，对应选项C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第3段“In 1968, a scientist tried to make a very strong glue but failed”可推知科学家当时试图制造的是强力胶水，对应选项D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第3段“Then another scientist realised that this“failure”was actually perfect for marking pages in a book without damaging it.”可推知失败的结果可能在另一种用途上变得完美有用，对应选项B。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第5段“You don’t need a laboratory. You need curiosity and patience.”可推知科学作家认为发明者需要的是好奇心和耐心，对应选项C。 D Nick was a proud (自负的) boy. He thought that he was the best at everything he did. Whenever he lost, he would always find excuses (借口). One Friday, Randy and Jack came to the playground to play badminton. Jack was much better at badminton than Randy. After about half an hour, Randy said to Jack, “Oh, I need to take a rest. I have to say that you are really good at this game.” Their classmate Nick heard this. He laughed out loud and said, “Randy, that’s because you are really bad at the sport. I am the best of the three of us. Then, he asked Jack if he would like to play with him. Jack said, “OK.” Then, the two began to play. As a tall boy, Nick showed great skill (技巧) at playing badminton. It was not easy for Jack to win, but still, he won the game. To Jack’s surprise, Nick said, “I can win if I have a racket (球拍) as good as yours.” However, Jack didn’t think so. He said, “Let’s swap rackets to play again.” Unluckily for Nick, he still lost the game. This time round, Nick had no excuses. He lowered his head and planned to leave. However, Jack went over to him, saying, “Do not be sad! You are a skilled player, too.” Hearing this, Nick learned that he should not be too proud because there would always be somebody better than him. 13. Which sentence in Paragraph 2 shows that Nick was proud? A. Oh, I need to take a rest. B. Randy, that’s because you are really bad at the sport. C. I am the best of the three of us. D. Then, he asked Jack if he would like to play with him. 14. What does the underlined word “swap” mean in Chinese? A. 修理 B. 交换 C. 选择 D. 隐藏 15. Which is the right order of the following things? ①Nick lost the game. ②Randy wanted to take a rest. ③Randy and Jack played badminton. ④Nick and Jack played badminton. A. ③①②④ B. ④③①② C. ④②③① D. ③②④① 16. Nick’s story mainly tells us that ________. A. better late than never B. there is no such thing as a free lunch C. a good friend is like a mirror D. there is always someone better than you 【答案】13. C 14. B 15. D 16. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了Nick自认为在所有事情上都是最棒的，每当失败时总会找借口。然而，在与Jack的羽毛球比赛中，尽管他表现出色，但还是两次输给了Jack，最终意识到自己不应过于骄傲，因为总有人比自己更优秀。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据“He laughed out loud and said, ‘Randy, that’s because you are really bad at the sport. I am the best of the three of us.’”可知Nick大声笑着说Randy羽毛球打得差，而自己是三人中最好的，这体现了他的骄傲。故选C。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“He said, ‘Let’s swap rackets to play again.’ Unluckily for Nick, he still lost the game.”可知Jack提议和Nick交换球拍再打一次，结果Nick还是输了，由此可推测“swap”意为“交换”。故选B。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据“One Friday, Randy and Jack came to the playground to play badminton.”可知，③Randy和Jack打羽毛球，这件事最先发生；根据“After about half an hour, Randy said to Jack, ‘Oh, I need to take a rest.’”可知，②Randy想休息一下；根据“Then, he asked Jack if he would like to play with him.”可知，④Nick和Jack打羽毛球；根据“It was not easy for Jack to win, but still, he won the game.”可知，①Nick输了比赛。因此，正确的顺序是③②④①。故选D。 【16题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“Hearing this, Nick learned that he should not be too proud because there would always be somebody better than him.”可知，Nick意识到自己不应过于骄傲，因为总有人比自己更优秀。故选D。 第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Almost everyone has experienced the uncomfortable feeling of being misunderstood. A girl sends a brief message and her friend thinks she is angry. A mother’s care sounds like distrust to her son. A teacher asks for homework, but the student thinks the teacher dislikes him. ____17____ They may hurt friendships and family relationships. People may feel sad or angry and refuse to show their real ideas. Worse still, misunderstandings grow slowly and are hard to fix. One reason for misunderstandings is that people see the same situation differently. Our experiences and feelings shape how we understand words. ____18____ We quickly decide what others mean before we get the full facts. Then we stop listening, and small troubles turn into big ones. Recognizing misunderstandings is the first step to make changes. Slow down and listen carefully. ____19____ Empathy also works well. It helps us notice others’ true feelings and gives them a chance to explain themselves. ____20____ Nobody communicates perfectly. If we create a safe space for honest talk, we can clear up misunderstandings. Accepting misunderstandings as a common part of life helps us repair our connections with people. A. We can ask simple questions like “Did you mean…?” B. Misunderstandings like these can bring many problems. C. Another common cause is that we often jump to conclusions. D. The key to dealing with misunderstandings is kindness. E. It takes a long time for us to forget bad experiences. 【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕生活中普遍存在的误解现象展开，介绍了误解会伤害人际情感的负面影响，分析了人们视角差异、贸然下结论两类产生误解的常见原因，同时给出了倾听共情、真诚沟通等化解误解的可行方法。 【17题详解】 空前列举了3个日常里被误解的具体场景，空后直接说明“它们会伤害友谊和家庭关系，人们可能感到难过愤怒、不愿表达真实想法，更严重的是误解会逐步发酵很难修复”，核心关键词是后句的代词They，以及后文描述的误解带来的各类负面影响。选项B“Misunderstandings like these can bring many problems.”中的“Misunderstandings like these”刚好指代空前刚列举的3种具体误解场景，“bring many problems”总领后文展开描述的各类危害，完美承接上文举例、引出下文的危害阐述。 【18题详解】 空前句点明“产生误解的一个原因是人们对同一处境的认知不同，我们的经历和感受会塑造我们理解话语的方式”，空后描述“我们还没掌握全部事实就快速判定别人的意图，之后我们就停止倾听，小麻烦演变成大问题”，核心关键词是前文的“One reason for misunderstandings”，指向此处要继续说明误解的另一类成因。选项C“Another common cause is that we often jump to conclusions.”中的“Another common cause”和前文的“One reason”形成清晰的并列逻辑，“jump to conclusions”也刚好精准对应后句“没拿到全部事实就快速判定他人意思”的行为，承上启下补充误解的第二类成因。 【19题详解】 空前指出“做出改变的第一步是察觉误解，放慢节奏、仔细倾听”，空后紧接着说明“共情也很有效，它能帮我们留意到他人的真实感受，给对方解释的机会”，核心语境是介绍化解误解的具体可操作方法。选项A“We can ask simple questions like ‘Did you mean…?’”是承接前文“仔细倾听”给出的具体落地做法，属于主动确认对方真实意图的沟通手段，和后文介绍的“共情”方法并列，共同说明化解误解的可行操作。 【20题详解】 空后内容提到“没有人能做到完美沟通，如果我们营造坦诚交流的安全空间，就能消除误解；把误解当作生活中常见的部分，能帮我们修复和他人的联结”，空处是对整段乃至全文化解误解的核心原则的总结升华。选项D“The key to dealing with misunderstandings is kindness.”总领后文的论述，后文“营造安全的坦诚交流空间、接纳误解是生活常态”本质都是用善意的态度处理误解的具体体现，引出全文收尾的核心观点。 二、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分;满分10分) 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A boy named Leo has invented a simple waste box. It can separate rubbish automatically (自动地). He has worked ____21____ it for one year. He got the idea on a rainy weekend when he helped his mum take out rubbish. He saw neighbours throw paper, plastic and food waste into one bin. This bad habit made recycling much harder and ____22____ lots of useful materials. Leo designed two small sensors(传感器) inside the box. When rubbish falls in, the sensors check its weight and shape. Then a small board will move and send waste into the right box below. When he tested the box, he ____23____ many difficulties. Sometimes the board moved in the wrong direction and mixed rubbish up. He spent whole afternoons checking wires and sensors, but got terrible results. He felt upset and wanted to stop and ____24____ up. But he didn’t give in easily. He turned to his science teacher for ____25____ and kept testing his design again and again. He changed parts of the box many times and tried different materials for the moving board. At last, he ____26____ it happen. Leo took his invention to the school science show. Many students and teachers were surprised ____27____ his small but clever waste box. Leo shared his story with visitors. He said, “Anyone can invent. You don’t need ____28____ tools or big labs. You just need to keep trying and care about our daily life. Small ideas can make a big difference. When you meet problems, don’t lose heart. You should ____29____ to your idea. If you keep trying, you can achieve your own dream. Never miss the ____30____ to create something new for the world around us.” 21. A. in B. on C. for D. with 22. A. wasted B. saved C. collected D. produced 23. A. faced B. solved C. avoided D. missed 24. A. give B. take C. wake D. pick 25. A. advice B. secret C. praise D. promise 26. A. got B. let C. made D. found 27. A. to B. for C. by D. of 28. A. expensive B. cheap C. strange D. simple 29. A. stick B. turn C. reply D. lead 30. A. rule B. secret C. chance D. task 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. A 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了男孩Leo发明了一种能自动分类垃圾的简易垃圾箱，在经历多次失败后坚持改进并最终成功的故事。 【21题详解】 句意：他已经致力于这项发明一年了。 前文提到Leo发明了自动分类垃圾箱，本句要表达他为此项目忙活了一年，空后是代词it指代这个发明项目。应用on，构成固定搭配work on，表示“从事、致力于（某项工作/项目）”，完全符合他研发垃圾箱一年的语境。若用work in则表示“在……地方工作/从事某行业”，不符题意；work for后接对象表示“为……工作”，语义不匹配；work with表示“和……共事/用……操作”，语境逻辑不符。 【22题详解】 句意：这个坏习惯让回收难度大幅提升，还浪费了大量有用的材料。 前句提到邻居把纸张、塑料、厨余垃圾都混扔在同一个垃圾桶里，这种行为会对可利用材料造成负面结果。应用wasted，表示“浪费”，符合混投垃圾导致有用材料无法回收、被白白损耗的逻辑。saved“节省”，是正面语义，和语境完全相反；collected“收集”、produced“生产”均不符合混扔垃圾带来的负面后果。 【23题详解】 句意：当他测试这个箱子的时候，他遇到了很多困难。 后句“有时候板子会往错误方向移动，把垃圾混在一起”，说明他测试装置的过程中遇到了很多难题，空后搭配many difficulties。应用faced，表示“面临、遇到很多困难”，符合测试过程的实际场景。solved“解决”侧重后续处理动作，此处描述刚测试时的状况，逻辑颠倒；avoided“避免”、missed“错过”均和后文出现故障的语境矛盾。 【24题详解】 句意：他感到很沮丧，想要停下来并放弃。 空前提到“他感到很沮丧，想要停下来”，空后是up，考查动词短语搭配，和情绪低落想放弃的语境对应。应用give，构成固定搭配give up，表示“放弃”。take up“占据、开始从事”，语义相反；wake up“醒来”、pick up“捡起、接人”均和沮丧想放弃的语境无关。 【25题详解】 句意：他向自己的科学老师寻求建议，然后一遍又一遍地测试自己的设计。 根据前句“他没有轻易屈服，转身去找科学老师”，结合他遇到技术难题的背景，找老师的目的是寻求指导。应用advice，表示“建议”。secret“秘密”、praise“表扬”、promise“承诺”均不符合他遭遇技术瓶颈向老师求助的逻辑。 【26题详解】 句意：最终，他成功l。 空后是it happen，要表达他反复调整设计，最终让自动分类的功能成功实现。应用made，构成固定结构make sth happen，表示“使某事发生、成功促成某事”，符合他最终研发成功的语境。got/let/found无此固定搭配。 【27题详解】 句意：很多师生都对他这个小巧却巧妙的垃圾箱感到惊讶。 be surprised by为固定搭配，意为“对……感到惊讶”。be surprised to后接动词原形，不接名词；for/of均不能与be surprised构成符合此意的固定搭配。 【28题详解】 句意：你不需要昂贵的工具或者大型实验室。 根据前句“任何人都可以搞发明”，后句说“你只需要不断尝试、关注日常生活”，说明发明不需要高端的外部条件。应用expensive，表示“你不需要昂贵的工具或者大型实验室”，契合普通人也能发明的观点。cheap“便宜的”和语义完全相反；strange“奇怪的”、simple“简单的”均不符合此处强调无需高成本科研条件的逻辑。 【29题详解】 句意：你应该坚持你的想法。 前句提到“遇到问题不要灰心”，空后是to your idea，表达要坚持自己的想法。应用stick，构成固定搭配stick to，表示“坚持、不放弃”，完全符合上下文不要气馁、坚守想法的逻辑。turn to“转向、求助”、reply to“回复”、lead to“导致”均和“坚持自己的想法”的语义不匹配。 【30题详解】 句意：永远不要错过为我们周围的世界创造新事物的机会。 根据前句“只要坚持尝试就能实现梦想”，本句要表达不要错过为身边世界创造新事物的机会。应用chance，表示“机会”。rule“规则”、secret“秘密”、task“任务”均不符合此处鼓励大家不要错失创新契机的语境。 第二部分 非选择题 (共40分) 三、语篇填空(共10小题，每小题1分;满分10分) 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Li Shizhen was ____31____ (bear) in 1518. His father was a poor doctor. Li Shizhen often saw people fall ill. As a child, he had strong curiosity about plants and medicine. He decided ____32____ (study) medicine so he could help sick people. Li Shizhen ____33____ (read)many old medical books. His curiosity made him check every record ____34____ (careful). He found many old medical books were full of ____35____ (mistake). So he made up ____36____ (he) mind to write a new and correct one. He tried his best to learn medical science. He studied not only the herbs (草药) in his own garden, ____37____ also the wild ones. He set out many times on long journeys and talked with old peasants. He learned a lot ____38____ the working people. After many years of hard work and study, Li Shizhen finished his great work Bencao Gangmu. At that time, he was sixty. His book is now one of the ____39____ (great) contributions of the Chinese people to the medical science around the world. His works and spirit ____40____ (drive) plenty of people for generations to explore the secrets of the world. 【答案】31. born 32. to study 33. read 34. carefully 35. mistakes 36. his 37. but 38. from 39. greatest 40. have driven 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍李时珍从小立志学医，研读古籍、实地考察，发现旧医书存在诸多错误，历经多年编写《本草纲目》，他的著作与精神一直激励后人探索。 【31题详解】 句意：李时珍出生于1518年。be born in是固定搭配，意为“出生于”，bear的过去分词为born，作表语。应填born。 【32题详解】 句意：他决定学医以便帮助病人。decide to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”。应填to study。 【33题详解】 句意：李时珍读了许多古老的医学书籍。根据上下文时态（was, saw等）可知句子需用一般过去时，read的过去式拼写不变，但读音不同。应填read。 【34题详解】 句意：他的好奇心使他仔细检查每一份记录。空处修饰动词check，需用副词形式，careful的副词为carefully。应填carefully。 【35题详解】 句意：他发现许多旧的医学书籍充满了错误。full of后接名词，mistake是可数名词，此处指代书中多处错误，需用复数形式mistakes。 【36题详解】 句意：于是他下定决心写一本新的、正确的医书。make up one’s mind表示“下定决心”，one’s需用形容词性物主代词，he的形容词性物主代词为his。应填his。 【37题详解】 句意：他不仅研究自家花园里的草药，还研究野生草药。not only...but (also)...是固定关联词组，意为“不仅……而且……”。应填but。 【38题详解】 句意：他从劳动人民那里学到了很多。learn from是固定搭配，意为“向……学习；从……学到”。应填from。 【39题详解】 句意：他的书现在是中国对全世界医学最杰出的贡献之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定结构，great的最高级为greatest。应填greatest。 【40题详解】 句意：他的作品和精神激励了一代又一代人探索世界的秘密。for generations表示动作持续到现在并对现在产生影响，需用现在完成时。drive在此处引申为“驱使；激励”，主语His works and spirit为复数，应填have driven。 四、阅读与表达(共4小题，41~43小题, 每小题2分，44小题4分;满分10分) 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Joking can be a cheerful thing. However, sometimes people may see it differently. Some people may get hurt if there are too many jokes. When you show you can’t accept the jokes, the jokes might get worse. We should think about the relationships when joking. Close friends usually enjoy teasing (开玩笑). Healthy teasing can usually make people relaxed. When both sides know it’s just joking, they can understand each other better. The environment is also important for close relationships. It doesn’t matter when your sister calls your nickname (绰号) at home. However, it’s quite bad when a classmate shouts it out at school. When making a joke, we often see the funny side of it. But others may see it in a different way. Sometimes we forget that the other person may not find it funny. People have different life experiences, so they understand jokes differently. For example, imagine someone not swimming at a pool party. Others might tease him or her about being unable to swim. But maybe that person is just afraid of water. Keep in mind that people may have their own reasons for not seeing the funny side. It’s a good way to build good friendships by respecting others. In daily life, we should pay attention to our words when playing jokes. 41. What may happen if there are too many jokes? _____________________________________________ 42. How do people usually feel about healthy teasing? _____________________________________________ 43. Why do people understand jokes differently? _____________________________________________ 44. According to the passage, how can we build good relationships? (More than 20 words) _____________________________________________ 【答案】41. Some people may get hurt. 42. They usually feel relaxed. 43. Because people have different life experiences. 44. We can build good relationships by respecting others. Besides, we should pay attention to our words when we play jokes in daily life.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可） 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了开玩笑虽然能带来欢乐，但如果不注意分寸、关系和场合，可能会伤害他人，因此我们需要尊重他人，注意言辞。 【41题详解】 第一段“Some people may get hurt if there are too many jokes.”表明，如果玩笑太多，有些人可能会受到伤害。 【42题详解】 第二段“Healthy teasing can usually make people relaxed.”表明，健康的玩笑通常能让人们感到放松。 【43题详解】 第三段“People have different life experiences, so they understand jokes differently.”表明，人们有不同的人生经历，因此他们对笑话的理解也不同。 【44题详解】 最后一段“It’s a good way to build good friendships by respecting others. In daily life, we should pay attention to our words when playing jokes.”表明，我们可以通过尊重他人来建立良好的友谊，在日常生活中开玩笑时要注意言辞。开放性试题，据此方向回答均可。 五、书面表达 (满分20分) 45. 学校正在制作学生成长英语档案袋，面向全体同学征集 “成长感悟卡”。请你以Getting along well with others is ________为题，先补全题目，写一段感悟短文放入档案袋。 提示信息： 1. 补全标题，写出你的观点； 2.简述学会与人友好相处的意义； 3.分享你在日常中与他人和睦相处的做法。 要求： 1.补全题目后再写作； 2.词数80词左右； 3.要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥； 4.文中不得出现真实人名、校名。 Getting along well with others is ________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Getting along well with others is a necessary ability I think getting along well with others is a necessary ability for teenagers. Good relationships bring us warmth and support, and they make our school life more enjoyable. To get on well with people around me, I learn to listen patiently when others share their ideas. I also respect different opinions and try my best to help classmates in need. When disagreements appear, I choose to communicate instead of arguing. Learning to get along well with others shapes me into a more thoughtful person and will guide me well on my journey of growth. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：议论文，一般现在时为主 明确要点：观点：和他人友好相处是青少年必备的能力；良好的人际关系能带来温暖与支持，让校园生活更美好；介绍自己的做法：耐心倾听、尊重不同看法、帮助有需要的同学、有分歧时沟通而不争吵；总结：学会与人相处让自己更懂得体谅他人，助力成长 确定人称：第一人称 注意事项：词数80左右；不得出现真实姓名及学校；观点明确，逻辑通顺 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构 开头段：提出中心论点，和睦相处是青少年必备能力，良好的人际关系带来温暖支持，让校园生活更愉快 主体段：介绍与人友好相处的做法：别人表达想法时耐心倾听；尊重不同观点，尽力帮助有困难的同学；产生分歧时选择沟通，而不是争吵 结尾段：学会与人相处，使自己成为更体贴的人，在成长路上指引自己。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：提出观点 getting along well with others is a necessary ability for teenagers/good relationships bring warmth and support/make school life more enjoyable/it’s important for teenagers to get on well with others/good relationships bring us love and help/make our school life happier等 要点二：相处的做法 listen patiently when others share ideas/respect different opinions/help classmates in need/communicate instead of arguing when disagreements appear/be a good listener when others talk/respect different ideas/give a hand to classmates who need help/talk calmly rather than quarrel when we don’t agree等 要点三：结尾感悟 shape me into a more thoughtful person/guide me on my journey of growth/help me become more considerate/help me grow better等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $