精品解析：北京师范大学附属中学2026-2027学年上学期高三期中考试英语试卷

北京师大附中2026-2027学年（上）高三期中考试 英 语 试 卷 班级/层：__________ 姓名：__________ 考生须知 1．本试卷有五道大题，共10页。考试时长90分钟，满分100分。 2．考生务必将答案填写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 3．考试结束后，考生应将答题卡交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Every New Year’s Eve, my family gathers around a table filled with twelve bowls of different fruits. Each family member selects a fruit that symbolizes their ___1___. It is a tradition passed down from my grandmother, who believed that twelve fruits would ___2___ prosperity, health, and unity in the coming year. As a child, I thought it was just a strange ritual (仪式). My mom always chose apples for stability. My dad went for grapes, which represented wealth. I always struggled over my choice like it was a life-altering ___3___. I began to understand its deeper meaning when I was 13. That year had been especially ___4___. My grandfather had passed away just months before, and it was the first holiday we celebrated without him. The house felt quieter and colder. No one had the ___5___ for the usual noise and celebration. ___6___, my grandmother insisted we should keep the tradition going. She said, in a quiet but firm voice, “Traditions carry us when we cannot carry ourselves.” We all sat down around the table, and for the first time, I noticed how much the ritual wasn’t about the fruits. It was about us, about coming together, and ___7___ something steady when life felt uncertain. That year, I chose a pear — my grandfather’s favorite. As I bit into it, I felt closer to him. In that moment, I realized this tradition wasn’t just ___8___ our holiday, but also me. Since then, wherever I am, I’ve kept the tradition ___9___. Sometimes, I videocall my family just before midnight, fruit in hand. Other times, I sit with a bowl of fruit and reflect quietly. It ___10___ me. It reminds me where I come from and what matters most to me. 1. A. hopes B. memories C. achievements D. personalities 2. A. bring B. create C. harvest D. imply 3. A. lesson B. decision C. condition D. adventure 4. A. crucial B. fruitful C. peaceful D. tough 5. A. time B. chance C. energy D. ability 6. A. Still B. Instead C. Meanwhile D. Therefore 7. A. making up B. giving away C. figuring out D. holding onto 8. A. changing B. shaping C. involving D. honouring 9. A. real B. alive C. simple D. unique 10. A. frees B. judges C. grounds D. consumes 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了家庭新年传统及其重要意义。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个家庭成员选择一种象征他们希望的水果。A. hopes希望；B. memories记忆；C. achievements成就；D. personalities个性。根据下文“who believed that twelve fruits would ____ prosperity, health, and unity in the coming year”可知，十二种水果象征着来年的繁荣、健康和团结，所以此处表示每个家庭成员选择一种象征他们希望的水果。故选A。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个从我祖母那里传下来的传统，她相信十二种水果会带来来年的繁荣、健康和团结。A. bring带来；B. create创造；C. harvest收获；D. imply暗示。根据下文“prosperity, health, and unity in the coming year”可知，传统的意义是“带来”美好事物，bring直接体现“赋予，带来”的含义，贴合语境。此处表示十二种水果会带来来年的繁荣、健康和团结。故选A。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我总是对我的选择犹豫不决，好像这是一个改变人生的决定。A. lesson课程；B. decision决定；C. condition条件；D. adventure冒险。根据上文“Each family member selects a fruit that symbolizes their ____ .”和“I always struggled over my choice like it was a life-altering”可知，此处指挑选水果的决定，好像是一个改变人生的决定。故选B。 【4题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那一年特别艰难。A. crucial关键的；B. fruitful富有成效的；C. peaceful和平的；D. tough艰难的。根据下文“My grandfather had passed away just months before, and it was the first holiday we celebrated without him”可知，祖父几个月前去世了，所以那一年特别艰难。故选D。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有人有精力进行往常的喧闹和庆祝。A. time时间；B. chance机会；C. energy精力；D. ability能力。根据上文“The house felt quieter and colder.”和下文“for the usual noise and celebration”可知，房子里感觉更安静、更冷清，所以此处表示没有人有精力进行往常的喧闹和庆祝。故选C。 【6题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我祖母坚持我们应该继续这个传统。A. Still仍然，然而；B. Instead相反；C. Meanwhile同时；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“No one had the ____ for the usual noise and celebration.”和下文“my grandmother insisted we should keep the tradition going.”可知，因为祖父去世没有人有精力进行往常的喧闹和庆祝，祖母坚持应该继续这个传统，前后为转折关系，所以用Still表示“然而”。故选A。 【7题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它关乎我们彼此相伴，在生活充满不确定性时坚守某种稳定的东西。A. making up编造；B. giving away赠送；C. figuring out弄清楚；D. holding onto抓住，坚守。根据上文“coming together”和下文“something steady when life felt uncertain”可知，传统是“坚守”稳定的载体，holding onto符合语义。故选D。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我意识到这个传统不仅塑造了我们的节日，也塑造了我。A. changing改变；B. shaping塑造；C. involving涉及；D. honouring纪念。根据下文“our holiday, but also me”可知，传统长期影响节日形式和个人成长，shaping体现“逐步塑造、影响”的过程，贴合语境。故选B。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，无论我在哪里，我都让这个传统保持活力。A. real真实的；B. alive活着的；C. simple简单的；D. unique独特的。根据下文“Sometimes, I videocall my family just before midnight, fruit in hand.”可知，有时，作者手里拿着水果，在午夜前给家人打电话，说明作者让这个传统保持活力。keep sth. alive为固定搭配，意为“使某物延续、保持活力”，符合“坚持传统”的语义。故选B。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它让我脚踏实地。A. frees释放；B. judges判断；C. grounds使脚踏实地；D. consumes消耗。根据下文“It reminds me where I come from and what matters most to me.”可知，这个传统提醒作者自己来自哪里，对自己来说最重要的是什么，所以此处表示它让作者脚踏实地。故选C。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Of all my Sports Day ___11___ (memory), the most touching unfolded that evening. After completing the 10km run, I received two roses, but accidentally left them behind until sunset. When I found them lifeless, my heart ___12___ (sink). I placed them in water immediately. Later I discovered one rose was brought back to life incredibly. Examining its companion, I found an injured stem (茎) blocking water intake and cut it carefully. Before bedtime, I witnessed another wonder. Now both roses stood energetic, ___13___ taught me renewal awaits even in deepest despair. 【答案】11. memories 12. sank 13. which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在运动日经历的一段富有启示性的故事。 【11题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：在我所有的运动会回忆中，最令人心动的那一幕发生在那天晚上。空前有all，空格处用复数。故填memories。 【12题详解】 考查时态。句意：当我发现它们毫无生气时，心顿时沉了下去。由found可知，时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式。故填sank。 【13题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：此刻两支玫瑰都生机勃勃地挺立着，这让我领悟到：即便身处最深的绝望之中，新生也依然在前方守候。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是前面整个主句的内容，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 For years, public health campaigns have relied on the “exercise is medicine” statement ____14____ (encourage) physical activity. We have heard it time and again: get active if you want to prevent illness. However, some researchers argue health reasons aren’t necessarily ____15____ motivate people to get off the couch. They conclude that people choose to work out, ____16____ (drive) by the immediate rewards of feeling good and having fun with friends, not by the distant health threats. So, it is time to start promoting physical activity as an opportunity ____17____ connection, exploration and fun. 【答案】14. to encourage 15. what 16. driven 17. for 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了公共健康宣传以健康为由推广运动，研究表明人们运动实为即时乐趣，应以此为切入点推广。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：多年来，公共卫生运动一直依靠“运动是药”的说法来鼓励体育活动。此处用不定式作目的状语。故填to encourage。 【15题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：然而，一些研究人员认为，健康原因并不一定是促使人们离开沙发的原因。这是一个表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，所用连接代词引导。故填what。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们得出的结论是，人们选择锻炼，是受到感觉良好和与朋友玩乐的即时回报的驱使，而不是受到遥远的健康威胁的驱使。逻辑主语people和drive之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填driven。 【17题详解】 考查介词。句意：所以，现在是时候开始把体育活动作为联系、探索和乐趣的机会了。固定搭配an opportunity for sth.，表示“…… 的机会”。故填for。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 China has made comprehensive efforts to promote green agriculture, integrating eco-friendly practices with modern farming to ensure food security while ___18___ (protect) the environment. Green agriculture efforts are bearing significant fruit. Now rural solar projects power farms and homes, and high-standard green farmland ___19___ (cover) millions of km². So far, rural living standards and ecological health ___20___ (boost) greatly. By combining innovation, policy and education, China’s green agriculture can become a global model for balancing productivity and planetary health. 【答案】18. protecting 19. covers 20. have been boosted 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国大力发展绿色农业，融合生态与现代农业，成效显著并有望成全球典范。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国多措并举推进绿色农业发展，将生态友好型做法与现代农业相融合，在保护环境的同时保障粮食安全。此处为while引导的时间状语从句的省略，主句主语China与protect为主动关系，且while后省略了“主语和be动词”，所以此处用现在分词protecting。故填protecting。 【19题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：如今农村太阳能项目为农场和家庭供电，高标准绿色农田的面积已达数百万平方公里。此处描述客观现状，应用一般现在时，主语high-standard green farmland为第三人称单数，谓语动词用covers。故填covers。 【20题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：到目前为止，农村生活水平和生态健康状况得到了极大提升。根据时间状语So far可知，应用现在完成时，rural living standards and ecological health与boost为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，助动词用have。故填have been boosted。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Plantaform Indoor Garden is a 26-inch-tall egg-shaped smart garden that makes growing fresh, organic vegetables simple, all year round. With no need for sunlight or soil, just add water and nutrients, and the system’s autonomous features take care of the rest — monitoring water levels, temperature, and lighting, ensuring fresh food for home with little effort. How does the Plantaform work?  Nutrient Absorption: By creating a nutrient-rich fog from water and nutrients, the system delivers essential nutrition directly to the plants’ roots, resulting in healthier and faster-growing plants.  Built-in Technology: The Plantaform is equipped with sensors that monitor key environmental factors such as temperature, fan speed, and light levels. The smart LED lights in it can imitate (模仿) natural sunlight, ensuring your plants receive consistent lighting even during the darkest winter months, regardless of outdoor conditions.  App-controlled: You can manage as many Plantaform Indoor Gardens as you wish from the same Plantaform Account. Whether at home or in a workplace, you can control all your gardens conveniently within the app, and receive tailored notifications:  when it’s time to remove the protective cover to allow your young plants to grow in the open air.  when it’s time to refill the water tanks, ensuring your plants always have enough water.  when your plants are ready to be harvested, so you can enjoy fresh produce at its peak.  when it’s time to run a Quick Cleaning Cycle after each growth cycle ends. If you have further questions, please feel free to reach out to us at support@plantaform.com. We’re here to help you grow with confidence and success! 21. With the Plantaform, users can . A. operate a soil-based garden B. plant vegetables once a year C. harvest food with hard work D. grow plants without sunlight 22. How does the Plantaform work? A. It sends nutrition to the plants’ roots. B. It adjusts lighting to outdoor conditions. C. It examines the plants’ health with sensors. D. It requires separate accounts for each garden. 23. The Plantaform app will send a notification when . A. the water tank is too full B. the produce is perfectly ripe C. a Quick Cleaning Cycle ends D. the garden needs moving outside 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一款蛋形智能室内花园的功能、工作原理及配套应用的便捷服务。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“With no need for sunlight or soil, just add water and nutrients, and the system’s autonomous features take care of the rest — monitoring water levels, temperature, and lighting, ensuring fresh food for home with little effort.(无需阳光和土壤，只需添加水和养分，该系统的自动功能便会接手其余工作——监测水位、温度和光照，从而轻松为家庭提供新鲜食物)”可知，用户使用该设备种植植物时不需要阳光。故选D项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据How does the Plantaform work?部分的“Nutrient Absorption: By creating a nutrient-rich fog from water and nutrients, the system delivers essential nutrition directly to the plants’ roots, resulting in healthier and faster-growing plants.(营养吸收：通过将水和营养物质混合形成富含营养的“雾气”，该系统能将必需的营养直接输送至植物的根部，从而使植物更加健康、生长速度更快)”可知，这款设备的工作原理之一是为植物根部输送营养。故选A项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据App-controlled部分的通知清单中的“Whether at home or in a workplace, you can control all your gardens conveniently within the app, and receive tailored notifications (无论在家中还是在工作场所，你都能在这款应用里便捷地操控所有的智能花园，还能接收个性化的通知提醒)”以及根据“when your plants are ready to be harvested, so you can enjoy fresh produce at its peak.(当你的植物可以收获时，让你能享用处于最佳状态的新鲜农产品)”可知，当种植的作物完全成熟时，应用会发送通知。故选B项。 B I was born missing my left arm. In 1986, at 18 months, I was fitted with a prosthetic (义肢) device, a decision made by my parents and doctors so that I would develop “normally”. I spent my entire childhood and adolescence trying to fit in. I did just about anything to ease the pains of the stares and pointing fingers from my classmates. By the time I was 8, I had no self-confidence, and the hand I was wearing was making it harder for me to fit in. So I decided I was better off without one. I didn’t need anyone to fix me. To prove that I wasn’t limited by my disability, I developed a love for all sports, in particular swimming. I was selected to my first Australian women’s swimming team at age 13 and successfully represented my country for eight years. I realized I’d made a name for myself because of my disability. I taught myself how to be comfortable in a society filled with insecurities. So when I was first contacted in 2021 by Covvi, a company trying to create the world’s most advanced bionic (仿生的) hand, I was a bit surprised. They asked me to trial the hand and, if possible, to become a patient advocate. Initially, I said no. Then, curiosity got the better of me. While I was busy advocating for disability rights, a new generation of leaders, like Amy Purdy and Nick Vujicic, used the power of technology and social media to display wheelchairs or artificial limbs without explanation. People feared disability less. Society was beginning to see a person first, and their disability second. Viewing disability through a social lens also meant acknowledging that a person is more disabled by their environment and the discrimination of others than by their actual disability. As those conversations shifted, I realized that there was an opportunity to use technology to steer the narrative for future generations. In July 2022, I decided to trial the hand. The role of patient advocate is an enormous privilege. Through sharing my journey, I’m able to reach thousands of other people who would benefit from its extraordinary capabilities. That’s why I wear a bionic hand—not because I’m broken, but because I have an opportunity to enhance the human capabilities that already exist. 24. The author developed a love for all sports because ________. A. she was longing for fame B. sports gave her self-confidence C. she wanted to defeat her disability D. her prosthetic device empowered her 25. From Purdy and Vujicic, the author learned ________. A. more people acknowledged their limits B. the disabled needed a friendlier environment C. social media allowed the disabled opportunities D. technology shifted people’s attitudes to disability 26. Which of the following words can best describe the author? A. Intelligent and brave. B. Warm-hearted and patient. C. Responsible and strong-willed. D. Independent and innovative. 27. From the passage, we learn that one should ________. A. maximize one’s abilities by embracing reality B. build one’s social circle with optimism C. stick to one’s goal to achieve success D. take it easy in difficult situations 【答案】24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从小身患残疾，失去左臂，但是并不气馁，参加运动证明自己并不受到残疾的限制并帮助他人的故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“To prove that I wasn’t limited by my disability, I developed a love for all sports, in particular swimming. (为了证明我没有受到残疾的限制，我开始热爱所有的运动，尤其是游泳。)”可知，作者爱上了所有的运动，因为她想战胜自己的残疾。故选C。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“like Amy Purdy and Nick Vujicic, used the power of technology and social media to display wheelchairs or artificial limbs without explanation. People feared disability less. Society was beginning to see a person first, and their disability second.(比如艾米·珀迪（Amy Purdy）和尼克·胡哲（Nick Vujicic），他们利用科技和社交媒体的力量，不加解释地展示了轮椅或假肢。人们不再那么害怕残疾。社会开始把一个人放在第一位，把他的残疾放在第二位。)”可知，人们不再那么害怕残疾。社会开始把一个人放在第一位，把他的残疾放在第二位，即科技改变了人们对残疾的态度。故选D。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“To prove that I wasn’t limited by my disability, I developed a love for all sports, in particular swimming. (为了证明我没有受到残疾的限制，我开始热爱所有的运动，尤其是游泳。)”可知，作者意志坚定，想通过运动战胜自己的残疾；根据文章最后一段“Through sharing my journey, I’m able to reach thousands of other people who would benefit from its extraordinary capabilities. That’s why I wear a bionic hand—not because I’m broken, but because I have an opportunity to enhance the human capabilities that already exist.(通过分享我的历程，我能够接触到成千上万的其他人，他们将从它的非凡能力中受益)”可知，作者分享自己的历程是想帮助他人，让他人从中受益，作者是一名有责任心的人。故选C。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Through sharing my journey, I’m able to reach thousands of other people who would benefit from its extraordinary capabilities. That’s why I wear a bionic hand—not because I’m broken, but because I have an opportunity to enhance the human capabilities that already exist.(通过分享我的历程，我能够接触到成千上万的其他人，他们将从它的非凡能力中受益。这就是我戴仿生手的原因不是因为我坏了，而是因为我有机会增强人类已有的能力。)”可知，作者戴仿生手的原因是为了增强人类已有的能力，即我们应该拥抱现实，最大限度地发挥自己的能力。故选A。 C When Jean-Paul Sartre wrote “man is forced to be free” in Existentialism is a Humanism in 1946, he argued that at every instance we invent ourselves by means of the choices we make. Every action we take contributes to our shaping. We are not defined by what we think, dream, or hope. We are only defined by what we do. Existentialism is a doctrine (学说) of action. “There is no reality except in action,” he writes. In Sartre’s time, however, people were not forced onto the internet, that black hole of boundless choices. Back in 1946, the average person didn’t get attracted by the life of the travel blogger on social media, the startup founder, family influencer, castle owner, personal trainer, and so forth. Instead, back in Sartre’s time, choice was largely restricted to what happened to (literally) “cross your path”. In 2000, psychologists Sheena Iyengar from Columbia and Mark Lepper from Stanford published a study called “When Choice is Demotivating: Can One Desire Too Much of a Good Thing?” The psychologists set up tasting stands in an upscale grocery store that displayed either a limited 6 or an extensive 24 selection of different flavours of jam. Customers were allowed to taste as many jams as they desired, and afterwards, if they wished, they could purchase the jam at the checkout. The psychologists discovered that more choices did not lead to more tasting (consumers from both stands tasted between 1 and 2 jams on average); but more telling was the discovery that 30 percent of consumers in the limited-choice condition subsequently purchased a jam compared to only 3 percent of consumers in the extensive-choice condition. “Having ‘too much’ choice seems nonetheless to have reduced their later motivation to buy,” the researchers concluded. “As the attractiveness of alternatives rises, individuals experience conflict and as a result tend to defer decisions, search for new alternatives, choose the standard option, or simply opt not to choose.” It seems that having a rich diversity of options doesn’t help people form better decisions. In fact, it confuses them. One examines the options but can’t commit to taking action. If we define our essence through our choices and actions, as the existentialists propose, what happens when our choices and actions are influenced by choice overload, or the large amounts of information on the internet? If we find ourselves failing to choose or act our essence — the person we are creating through our choices — remains unformed, or fragmented as we scroll from one interest to the next. Without deliberate action, Sartre warns, we risk falling into inauthenticity: living according to others’ expectations rather than our own choices, or passively adopting external influences. 28. What can be learned from the study published in 2000? A. Extended sampling improves engagement. B. An increase in options decreases motivation. C. A greater variety of flavors boosts satisfaction. D. Having limited choices improves decision quality. 29. What does the underlined word “defer” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Justify. B. Defend. C. Applaud. D. Postpone. 30. What is the author’s attitude towards Sartre’s view? A. Sympathetic. B. Disapproving. C. Unconcerned. D. Skeptical. 31. What is the best title for the passage? A. We Are Our Choices B. Embrace Freedom with Choices C. Existentialism in a Digital World D. Actions Speak Louder Than Words 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文结合萨特存在主义观点，借助果酱选择实验，探讨数字时代选择过载对人的选择与行动带来的影响。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Having ‘too much’ choice seems nonetheless to have reduced their later motivation to buy.(拥有‘过多的’选择似乎反而降低了他们后续购买的动机)”可知，选项数量增加会降低动机。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“As the attractiveness of alternatives rises, individuals experience conflict and as a result tend to defer decisions, search for new alternatives, choose the standard option, or simply opt not to choose.(当备选方案的吸引力上升时，人们会陷入纠结，于是往往会defer决定、寻找新的备选、选择常规选项，或者干脆选择不做选择)”可知，当备选方案的吸引力上升时，人们会陷入纠结，推迟决定甚至干脆不做选择。故猜测defer表示“推迟”，与postpone同义。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“If we define our essence through our choices and actions, as the existentialists propose, what happens when our choices and actions are influenced by choice overload, or the large amounts of information on the internet?(如果像存在主义者提出的那样，我们通过自己的选择和行动定义自身本质，那么当我们的选择和行动受到选择过载或是互联网海量信息影响时，会发生什么？)”和“If we find ourselves failing to choose or act. our essence — the person we are creating through our choices — remains unformed, or fragmented as we scroll from one interest to the next. Without deliberate action, Sartre warns, we risk falling into inauthenticity: living according to others’ expectations rather than our own choices, or passively adopting external influences.(如果我们发现自己无法做出选择或者采取行动，我们的本质——我们通过选择塑造出来的自我——就仍然没有成型，或者在我们从一个兴趣划到下一个兴趣时变得碎片化。萨特警示说，没有刻意的行动，我们就有陷入非本真状态的风险：按照他人的期待生活，而非遵从我们自己的选择，或是被动接受外界的影响)”可知，作者没有否定萨特核心观点本身，只是提出在互联网选择过载的新环境下，萨特理论原本成立的前提遇到了现实困境，整体态度是认同、共情的。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“When Jean-Paul Sartre wrote “man is forced to be free” in Existentialism is a Humanism in 1946, he argued that at every instance we invent ourselves by means of the choices we make.(1946 年，让-保罗・萨特在《存在主义是一种人道主义》中写下“人被判定为自由”时，他主张在每一个瞬间，我们都通过自己做出的选择塑造自我)”以及第五段中的“If we define our essence through our choices and actions, as the existentialists propose, what happens when our choices and actions are influenced by choice overload, or the large amounts of information on the internet?(如果像存在主义者提出的那样，我们通过自己的选择和行动定义自身本质，那么当我们的选择和行动受到选择过载或是互联网海量信息影响时，会发生什么？)”可知，全文围绕萨特的存在主义，讨论数字互联网环境下选择过载带来的问题。C项“Existentialism in a Digital World(数字世界中的存在主义)”能概括文章主旨，是最佳标题。 D George Orwell once wrote that every generation “imagines itself to be more intelligent than the one that went before it, and wiser than the one that comes after it”. Today, the second part of that observation feels more perceptive than ever, as we face concerns about the ways modern technology is supposedly destroying the minds and cognitive abilities of children and young people. For decades, scientists have noted the occurrence of the Flynn effect, which describes how each generation is more intelligent than the previous one. In recent years, this effect has seemingly weakened, leading some to interpret this as evidence of the damage that today’s tech, via smartphones and screen time, is doing to young people. But there are other explanations for what we are seeing. The Flynn effect is weakening because there is no longer a substantial difference in intelligence scores between young people and those from older generations. Many would interpret this as meaning young people are becoming less intelligent. However, it could just as easily mean older people are maintaining more of their cognitive abilities as they age. Outside of conditions like Alzheimer’s, we have typically seen cognitive abilities reduce as people get older. But recent evidence reveals this is no longer the case for many. This is probably a downstream result of the greater access to early-life education, healthcare and information that those born in the 20th century increasingly enjoyed, allowing recent generations to not only become smarter, but stay that way. Basically, the narrowed intelligence gap between older and younger people is more likely to be a sign of things getting better, rather than worse. There are still concerns about the impact of technology on young people’s intelligence and cognition. True, there is evidence that too much screen time can be harmful to attention spans, but this can be seen as more the result of unhelpful habits that can be undone by adjusting behaviour, rather than lasting disruptions to key neurological systems. It also helps to consider how we are assessing intelligence or cognitive abilities. Standardised tests that have been used for decades are all well and good, but how to precisely measure or even define intelligence has long been a debated issue. Applying long-established frameworks of intellectual performance to young people who developed intellectually in a completely different environment to that of their parents may do them a serious disservice. Constantly looking through multiple videos may strike older people as a sign of a lack of focus and attention, but being able to manage multiple information streams at once requires some considerable brain power. Video games have also been shown to improve multitasking abilities. Used properly, smartphones can actually enhance learning and education. The idea that young people are intellectually inferior is common, but the evidence doesn’t back it up. The world is constantly becoming more complex, and both younger and older people are adapting to deal with this in different ways. 32. Why does the author mention George Orwell? A. To prove the intelligence of previous generations. B. To highlight the common view on generational intelligence. C. To contrast his views with modern concerns about technology. D. To argue against the relevance of his observations in modern society. 33. What can be learned from the passage? A. Screen time leads to more lasting brain damage in young people. B. The Flynn effect’s decline confirms the harm of modern technology. C. Generational intelligence differences are less alarming than assumed. D. Educational systems contribute to older generations’ cognitive decline. 34. What does the author mainly do in this passage? A. Draw a comparison. B. Issue a warning. C. Make an assessment. D. Offer a clarification. 【答案】32. B 33. C 34. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了人们普遍认为下一代智力不如前人，针对弗林效应减弱被解读为科技损害年轻人认知能力的观点，作者提出其他解释、澄清误解，指出年轻人智力低下的说法缺少证据支撑。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“George Orwell once wrote that every generation “imagines itself to be more intelligent than the one that went before it, and wiser than the one that comes after it”.(乔治·奥威尔曾经写道，每一代人都“认为自己比上一代人更聪明，又比后一代人更有智慧”。)”可知，作者引用奥威尔的话是为了引出人们对于代际智力的普遍看法。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Basically, the narrowed intelligence gap between older and younger people is more likely to be a sign of things getting better, rather than worse.(大体上，老年人与年轻人之间缩小的智力差距更可能是情况在变好的标志，而不是变坏的标志。)”可知，代际智力差距并不像人们设想的那样令人担忧。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“But there are other explanations for what we are seeing.(但对于我们所见的现象，还存在其他解释。)”以及第四段“Basically, the narrowed intelligence gap between older and younger people is more likely to be a sign of things getting better, rather than worse.(大体上，老年人与年轻人之间缩小的智力差距更可能是情况在变好的标志，而不是变坏的标志。)”可知，作者主要是在澄清“科技毁掉年轻人智力”这一误解。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What is adulthood? Societies all over the world view the concept of an adult as self-supporting and self-directed, because it identifies a point in the life cycle. As Alice Black points out, today’s parents’ fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book, The Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. ____35____ But Turner’s other cycles are just as important. ____36____ If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or denied, you feel incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world. Turner wisely said that “doing well” psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of emotions, manage them, communicate clearly and well with others, and master various skills. This requires an internal locus (核心) of control, which implies self-control of your thoughts, feelings, and actions. ____37____ You’re self-directed and not reliant on the world to tell you who you are. And you know who you are within all this. So, being an adult isn’t just holding a job. Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while being capable of identifying and managing your emotions and actions. ____38____ We are a social species, so this is important. While raising an adult is a parent’s job, it’s also our responsibility as a society to ensure that we support schools that nurture (培养) emotional and identity development. ____39____ A. It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles. B. They talk about someone’s inability to support themselves through work. C. It’s being able to show understanding when communicating with others. D. In other words, you’re playing the game of life — life isn’t playing you. E. They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity. F. You feel like an 18-year old, especially when playing 80s music. G. When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity. 【答案】35. G 36. E 37. D 38. C 39. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要探讨了成年人的定义及其所需具备的特质，并强调了社会在培养成年人方面的责任。 【35题详解】 由上文“As Alice Black points out, today’s parents’ fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book, The Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. (正如Alice Black所指出的，如今父母害怕让孩子做更多家务，这加剧了孩子们无法感受到自身的能力，进而也导致他们对自己缺乏自信。心理学家Robert Turner在他的著作《生命周期》中提到了这一点，他提到了孩子们学习自我指导和掌握技能的阶段。)”可知，本空应强调这个阶段的重要性或缺失这个阶段会带来什么影响。G选项“When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity. (当这个阶段被剥夺时，就会产生一种不安全感。)”符合题意，承接上文，说明了这个阶段被剥夺的后果。故选G。 【36题详解】 由上文“But Turner’s other cycles are just as important. (但Turner的其他周期也同样重要。)”以及下文“If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or denied, you feel incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world. (如果这些生命周期被延迟、中断或拒绝，你会觉得自己无法进入自我状态，无法控制不愉快的情绪，也无法操控构成你内心世界结构的能量。)”可知，本空应解释它们的重要性体现在哪里。E选项“They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity. (它们教授情感意识和管理以及身份认同。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。 【37题详解】 由上文“Turner wisely said that “doing well” psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of emotions, manage them, communicate clearly and well with others, and master various skills. This requires an internal locus (核心) of control, which implies self-control of your thoughts, feelings, and actions. (Turner明智地指出，从心理上讲，“做得好”就是能够顺应情绪的流动，管理它们，与他人清晰而良好地沟通，并掌握各种技能。这需要一个内部的控制点，这意味着对自己的思想、情感和行动进行自我控制。)”可知，本空应进一步解释这种内部控制点或自我控制的意义。D选项“In other words, you’re playing the game of life — life isn’t playing you. (换句话说，你是在玩人生的游戏——而不是人生在玩你。)”能承接上文，符合题意，用比喻的方式解释了内部控制点的意义，即你能够掌控自己的人生，而不是被人生所掌控。故选D。 【38题详解】 由上文“So, being an adult isn’t just holding a job. Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while being capable of identifying and managing your emotions and actions. (所以，成为一个成年人不仅仅是拥有一份工作。成为一个成年人意味着拥有一种根深蒂固的自我意识，同时能够识别和管理自己的情绪和行动。)”可知，本空应进一步描述成年人的其他特质或能力。C选项“It’s being able to show understanding when communicating with others. (它是在与他人交流时能够表现出理解。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了成年人在与他人交流时应具备的能力，即表现出理解。故选C。 【39题详解】 由上文“While raising an adult is a parent’s job, it’s also our responsibility as a society to ensure that we support schools that nurture (培养) emotional and identity development. (虽然培养一个成年人是父母的工作，但作为社会，我们也有责任确保我们支持那些培养情感和身份发展的学校。)”可知，本空应进一步描述社会在培养成年人方面的其他责任。A选项“It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles. (支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人也是我们的工作。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了社会在培养成年人方面的另一项责任，即支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人。故选A。 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 There’s something magical about the way imagination works. Around the world, kids are using imagination in ways that were once only found in science fiction. Take the story of Mark Lee. He loved biking around his neighbourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. Instead of simply complaining, he decided to do something about it. Using an old 3D printer, Mark started experimenting. He melted (熔化) plastic bottles down and tried shaping them into small bricks. At first, everything went wrong — the plastic broke, the printer jammed, and the pieces didn’t fit together. Friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up. But Mark had a different idea. He redesigned the bricks to lock together like puzzle (拼图) pieces and adjusted the heating temperature carefully. After months of trial and error, he succeeded. With a little help from his school and the local community centre, Mark used his bricks to build a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood. And he’s not alone. Thirteen-year-old Sally Carter loved reading fantasy books. Inspired by magical maps in her stories, she wondered: what if we could build a real-world app that helps people explore hidden places in their own cities? She gathered friends, learned some basic programming, and together they created an app that maps small local parks and gardens few people knew about. Their app quickly grew popular in town and even won a local youth innovation award. Next time you see a young person lost in thought, don’t rush to pull them back. They might just be imagining the next great idea. 40. What upset Mark when he was biking around his neighbourhood? _____________________________________________________________ 41. How does the app created by Sally and her friends help? _____________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > With encouragement from his friends and parents, Mark built a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood after months of trial and error. _____________________________________________________________ 43. How can you put your imagination into practice as Mark and Sally did? (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. 41. It helps people explore hidden places like small local parks and gardens in their own cities. 42. According to the passage, friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up; so this part With encouragement from his friends and parents is false. 43. First, spot a problem you care about. Then, experiment boldly or create. Learn relevant skills if needed, persist through setbacks, and ask friends or communities for help to keep trying despite difficulties to turn your ideas into real solutions. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Mark Lee和Sally Carter两位青少年发挥想象力并付诸实践的故事，鼓励年轻人积极发挥想象力，勇敢尝试。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“He loved biking around his neighbourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. (他喜欢在社区里骑自行车，但看到公园和人行道上到处都是塑料瓶，他很沮丧。)” 可知，让Mark沮丧的是看到公园和人行道上有很多塑料瓶。故填 Seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第五段“what if we could build a real - world app that helps people explore hidden places in their own cities? She gathered friends, learned some basic programming, and together they created an app that maps small local parks and gardens few people knew about. (如果我们能开发一个现实世界的应用程序，帮助人们探索他们自己城市里隐藏的地方会怎么样呢？她召集了朋友们，学习了一些基本的编程知识，然后他们一起开发了一个应用程序，该程序可以绘制出很少有人知道的当地小公园和花园的地图。)” 可知，Sally和她朋友创建的应用程序帮助人们探索自己城市里像小公园和花园这样隐藏的地方。故填It helps people explore hidden places like small local parks and gardens in their own cities. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“Friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up. (朋友们有点嘲笑，甚至Mark的父母都认为他应该放弃。)” 可知，Mark并没有得到朋友和父母的鼓励，所以“With encouragement from his friends and parents” 这部分是错误的。故填According to the passage, friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up; so this part With encouragement from his friends and parents is false. 【43题详解】 考查开放性试题。结合Mark和Sally的故事，可知他们都是先发现问题或有想法，然后勇敢尝试，必要时学习相关技能，面对困难坚持不懈。故填First, spot a problem you care about. Then, experiment boldly or create. Learn relevant skills if needed, persist through setbacks, and ask friends or communities for help to keep trying despite difficulties to turn your ideas into real solutions. 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你在学校校庆文创大赛中获奖，你的外国朋友Jim在校官网上看到后来信询问。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1．介绍你的作品； 2．说明设计理由。 注意：（1）词数100左右； （2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m delighted to receive your letter. I’m so glad that you noticed my winning work on our school’s official website. My entry is a set of bookmarks printed with our school’s old gate and cherry blossoms. The gate stands for our long history and fine tradition, while cherry blossoms represent energetic students here. I combine the two elements to show the perfect mix of heritage and youth. Besides, bookmarks are practical for every student and can accompany us in our daily study. I hope this design can pass on our school spirit. It really surprises me to win the prize. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生写一封邮件，回复外国朋友Jim，介绍自己在校庆文创大赛中的获奖作品以及创作设计理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：delighted→thrilled 代表：represent→symbolize 结合：combine→integrate 精力充沛的：energetic→vigorous 2. 句式拓展 同义句 原句：I’m so glad that you noticed my winning work on our school’s official website. 拓展句：What makes me pleased is that you caught sight of my prize-winning design on our school website. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】I’m so glad that you noticed my winning work on our school’s official website.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型 2】I combine the two elements to show the perfect mix of heritage and youth.（运用不定式to show作目的状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京师大附中2026-2027学年（上）高三期中考试 英 语 试 卷 班级/层：__________ 姓名：__________ 考生须知 1．本试卷有五道大题，共10页。考试时长90分钟，满分100分。 2．考生务必将答案填写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 3．考试结束后，考生应将答题卡交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Every New Year’s Eve, my family gathers around a table filled with twelve bowls of different fruits. Each family member selects a fruit that symbolizes their ___1___. It is a tradition passed down from my grandmother, who believed that twelve fruits would ___2___ prosperity, health, and unity in the coming year. As a child, I thought it was just a strange ritual (仪式). My mom always chose apples for stability. My dad went for grapes, which represented wealth. I always struggled over my choice like it was a life-altering ___3___. I began to understand its deeper meaning when I was 13. That year had been especially ___4___. My grandfather had passed away just months before, and it was the first holiday we celebrated without him. The house felt quieter and colder. No one had the ___5___ for the usual noise and celebration. ___6___, my grandmother insisted we should keep the tradition going. She said, in a quiet but firm voice, “Traditions carry us when we cannot carry ourselves.” We all sat down around the table, and for the first time, I noticed how much the ritual wasn’t about the fruits. It was about us, about coming together, and ___7___ something steady when life felt uncertain. That year, I chose a pear — my grandfather’s favorite. As I bit into it, I felt closer to him. In that moment, I realized this tradition wasn’t just ___8___ our holiday, but also me. Since then, wherever I am, I’ve kept the tradition ___9___. Sometimes, I videocall my family just before midnight, fruit in hand. Other times, I sit with a bowl of fruit and reflect quietly. It ___10___ me. It reminds me where I come from and what matters most to me. 1. A. hopes B. memories C. achievements D. personalities 2. A. bring B. create C. harvest D. imply 3. A. lesson B. decision C. condition D. adventure 4. A. crucial B. fruitful C. peaceful D. tough 5. A. time B. chance C. energy D. ability 6. A. Still B. Instead C. Meanwhile D. Therefore 7. A. making up B. giving away C. figuring out D. holding onto 8. A. changing B. shaping C. involving D. honouring 9. A. real B. alive C. simple D. unique 10. A. frees B. judges C. grounds D. consumes 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Of all my Sports Day ___11___ (memory), the most touching unfolded that evening. After completing the 10km run, I received two roses, but accidentally left them behind until sunset. When I found them lifeless, my heart ___12___ (sink). I placed them in water immediately. Later I discovered one rose was brought back to life incredibly. Examining its companion, I found an injured stem (茎) blocking water intake and cut it carefully. Before bedtime, I witnessed another wonder. Now both roses stood energetic, ___13___ taught me renewal awaits even in deepest despair. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 For years, public health campaigns have relied on the “exercise is medicine” statement ____14____ (encourage) physical activity. We have heard it time and again: get active if you want to prevent illness. However, some researchers argue health reasons aren’t necessarily ____15____ motivate people to get off the couch. They conclude that people choose to work out, ____16____ (drive) by the immediate rewards of feeling good and having fun with friends, not by the distant health threats. So, it is time to start promoting physical activity as an opportunity ____17____ connection, exploration and fun. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 China has made comprehensive efforts to promote green agriculture, integrating eco-friendly practices with modern farming to ensure food security while ___18___ (protect) the environment. Green agriculture efforts are bearing significant fruit. Now rural solar projects power farms and homes, and high-standard green farmland ___19___ (cover) millions of km². So far, rural living standards and ecological health ___20___ (boost) greatly. By combining innovation, policy and education, China’s green agriculture can become a global model for balancing productivity and planetary health. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Plantaform Indoor Garden is a 26-inch-tall egg-shaped smart garden that makes growing fresh, organic vegetables simple, all year round. With no need for sunlight or soil, just add water and nutrients, and the system’s autonomous features take care of the rest — monitoring water levels, temperature, and lighting, ensuring fresh food for home with little effort. How does the Plantaform work?  Nutrient Absorption: By creating a nutrient-rich fog from water and nutrients, the system delivers essential nutrition directly to the plants’ roots, resulting in healthier and faster-growing plants.  Built-in Technology: The Plantaform is equipped with sensors that monitor key environmental factors such as temperature, fan speed, and light levels. The smart LED lights in it can imitate (模仿) natural sunlight, ensuring your plants receive consistent lighting even during the darkest winter months, regardless of outdoor conditions.  App-controlled: You can manage as many Plantaform Indoor Gardens as you wish from the same Plantaform Account. Whether at home or in a workplace, you can control all your gardens conveniently within the app, and receive tailored notifications:  when it’s time to remove the protective cover to allow your young plants to grow in the open air.  when it’s time to refill the water tanks, ensuring your plants always have enough water.  when your plants are ready to be harvested, so you can enjoy fresh produce at its peak.  when it’s time to run a Quick Cleaning Cycle after each growth cycle ends. If you have further questions, please feel free to reach out to us at support@plantaform.com. We’re here to help you grow with confidence and success! 21. With the Plantaform, users can . A. operate a soil-based garden B. plant vegetables once a year C. harvest food with hard work D. grow plants without sunlight 22. How does the Plantaform work? A. It sends nutrition to the plants’ roots. B. It adjusts lighting to outdoor conditions. C. It examines the plants’ health with sensors. D. It requires separate accounts for each garden. 23. The Plantaform app will send a notification when . A. the water tank is too full B. the produce is perfectly ripe C. a Quick Cleaning Cycle ends D. the garden needs moving outside B I was born missing my left arm. In 1986, at 18 months, I was fitted with a prosthetic (义肢) device, a decision made by my parents and doctors so that I would develop “normally”. I spent my entire childhood and adolescence trying to fit in. I did just about anything to ease the pains of the stares and pointing fingers from my classmates. By the time I was 8, I had no self-confidence, and the hand I was wearing was making it harder for me to fit in. So I decided I was better off without one. I didn’t need anyone to fix me. To prove that I wasn’t limited by my disability, I developed a love for all sports, in particular swimming. I was selected to my first Australian women’s swimming team at age 13 and successfully represented my country for eight years. I realized I’d made a name for myself because of my disability. I taught myself how to be comfortable in a society filled with insecurities. So when I was first contacted in 2021 by Covvi, a company trying to create the world’s most advanced bionic (仿生的) hand, I was a bit surprised. They asked me to trial the hand and, if possible, to become a patient advocate. Initially, I said no. Then, curiosity got the better of me. While I was busy advocating for disability rights, a new generation of leaders, like Amy Purdy and Nick Vujicic, used the power of technology and social media to display wheelchairs or artificial limbs without explanation. People feared disability less. Society was beginning to see a person first, and their disability second. Viewing disability through a social lens also meant acknowledging that a person is more disabled by their environment and the discrimination of others than by their actual disability. As those conversations shifted, I realized that there was an opportunity to use technology to steer the narrative for future generations. In July 2022, I decided to trial the hand. The role of patient advocate is an enormous privilege. Through sharing my journey, I’m able to reach thousands of other people who would benefit from its extraordinary capabilities. That’s why I wear a bionic hand—not because I’m broken, but because I have an opportunity to enhance the human capabilities that already exist. 24. The author developed a love for all sports because ________. A. she was longing for fame B. sports gave her self-confidence C. she wanted to defeat her disability D. her prosthetic device empowered her 25. From Purdy and Vujicic, the author learned ________. A. more people acknowledged their limits B. the disabled needed a friendlier environment C. social media allowed the disabled opportunities D. technology shifted people’s attitudes to disability 26. Which of the following words can best describe the author? A. Intelligent and brave. B. Warm-hearted and patient. C. Responsible and strong-willed. D. Independent and innovative. 27. From the passage, we learn that one should ________. A. maximize one’s abilities by embracing reality B. build one’s social circle with optimism C. stick to one’s goal to achieve success D. take it easy in difficult situations C When Jean-Paul Sartre wrote “man is forced to be free” in Existentialism is a Humanism in 1946, he argued that at every instance we invent ourselves by means of the choices we make. Every action we take contributes to our shaping. We are not defined by what we think, dream, or hope. We are only defined by what we do. Existentialism is a doctrine (学说) of action. “There is no reality except in action,” he writes. In Sartre’s time, however, people were not forced onto the internet, that black hole of boundless choices. Back in 1946, the average person didn’t get attracted by the life of the travel blogger on social media, the startup founder, family influencer, castle owner, personal trainer, and so forth. Instead, back in Sartre’s time, choice was largely restricted to what happened to (literally) “cross your path”. In 2000, psychologists Sheena Iyengar from Columbia and Mark Lepper from Stanford published a study called “When Choice is Demotivating: Can One Desire Too Much of a Good Thing?” The psychologists set up tasting stands in an upscale grocery store that displayed either a limited 6 or an extensive 24 selection of different flavours of jam. Customers were allowed to taste as many jams as they desired, and afterwards, if they wished, they could purchase the jam at the checkout. The psychologists discovered that more choices did not lead to more tasting (consumers from both stands tasted between 1 and 2 jams on average); but more telling was the discovery that 30 percent of consumers in the limited-choice condition subsequently purchased a jam compared to only 3 percent of consumers in the extensive-choice condition. “Having ‘too much’ choice seems nonetheless to have reduced their later motivation to buy,” the researchers concluded. “As the attractiveness of alternatives rises, individuals experience conflict and as a result tend to defer decisions, search for new alternatives, choose the standard option, or simply opt not to choose.” It seems that having a rich diversity of options doesn’t help people form better decisions. In fact, it confuses them. One examines the options but can’t commit to taking action. If we define our essence through our choices and actions, as the existentialists propose, what happens when our choices and actions are influenced by choice overload, or the large amounts of information on the internet? If we find ourselves failing to choose or act our essence — the person we are creating through our choices — remains unformed, or fragmented as we scroll from one interest to the next. Without deliberate action, Sartre warns, we risk falling into inauthenticity: living according to others’ expectations rather than our own choices, or passively adopting external influences. 28. What can be learned from the study published in 2000? A. Extended sampling improves engagement. B. An increase in options decreases motivation. C. A greater variety of flavors boosts satisfaction. D. Having limited choices improves decision quality. 29. What does the underlined word “defer” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Justify. B. Defend. C. Applaud. D. Postpone. 30. What is the author’s attitude towards Sartre’s view? A. Sympathetic. B. Disapproving. C. Unconcerned. D. Skeptical. 31. What is the best title for the passage? A. We Are Our Choices B. Embrace Freedom with Choices C. Existentialism in a Digital World D. Actions Speak Louder Than Words D George Orwell once wrote that every generation “imagines itself to be more intelligent than the one that went before it, and wiser than the one that comes after it”. Today, the second part of that observation feels more perceptive than ever, as we face concerns about the ways modern technology is supposedly destroying the minds and cognitive abilities of children and young people. For decades, scientists have noted the occurrence of the Flynn effect, which describes how each generation is more intelligent than the previous one. In recent years, this effect has seemingly weakened, leading some to interpret this as evidence of the damage that today’s tech, via smartphones and screen time, is doing to young people. But there are other explanations for what we are seeing. The Flynn effect is weakening because there is no longer a substantial difference in intelligence scores between young people and those from older generations. Many would interpret this as meaning young people are becoming less intelligent. However, it could just as easily mean older people are maintaining more of their cognitive abilities as they age. Outside of conditions like Alzheimer’s, we have typically seen cognitive abilities reduce as people get older. But recent evidence reveals this is no longer the case for many. This is probably a downstream result of the greater access to early-life education, healthcare and information that those born in the 20th century increasingly enjoyed, allowing recent generations to not only become smarter, but stay that way. Basically, the narrowed intelligence gap between older and younger people is more likely to be a sign of things getting better, rather than worse. There are still concerns about the impact of technology on young people’s intelligence and cognition. True, there is evidence that too much screen time can be harmful to attention spans, but this can be seen as more the result of unhelpful habits that can be undone by adjusting behaviour, rather than lasting disruptions to key neurological systems. It also helps to consider how we are assessing intelligence or cognitive abilities. Standardised tests that have been used for decades are all well and good, but how to precisely measure or even define intelligence has long been a debated issue. Applying long-established frameworks of intellectual performance to young people who developed intellectually in a completely different environment to that of their parents may do them a serious disservice. Constantly looking through multiple videos may strike older people as a sign of a lack of focus and attention, but being able to manage multiple information streams at once requires some considerable brain power. Video games have also been shown to improve multitasking abilities. Used properly, smartphones can actually enhance learning and education. The idea that young people are intellectually inferior is common, but the evidence doesn’t back it up. The world is constantly becoming more complex, and both younger and older people are adapting to deal with this in different ways. 32. Why does the author mention George Orwell? A. To prove the intelligence of previous generations. B. To highlight the common view on generational intelligence. C. To contrast his views with modern concerns about technology. D. To argue against the relevance of his observations in modern society. 33. What can be learned from the passage? A. Screen time leads to more lasting brain damage in young people. B. The Flynn effect’s decline confirms the harm of modern technology. C. Generational intelligence differences are less alarming than assumed. D. Educational systems contribute to older generations’ cognitive decline. 34. What does the author mainly do in this passage? A. Draw a comparison. B. Issue a warning. C. Make an assessment. D. Offer a clarification. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What is adulthood? Societies all over the world view the concept of an adult as self-supporting and self-directed, because it identifies a point in the life cycle. As Alice Black points out, today’s parents’ fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book, The Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. ____35____ But Turner’s other cycles are just as important. ____36____ If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or denied, you feel incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world. Turner wisely said that “doing well” psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of emotions, manage them, communicate clearly and well with others, and master various skills. This requires an internal locus (核心) of control, which implies self-control of your thoughts, feelings, and actions. ____37____ You’re self-directed and not reliant on the world to tell you who you are. And you know who you are within all this. So, being an adult isn’t just holding a job. Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while being capable of identifying and managing your emotions and actions. ____38____ We are a social species, so this is important. While raising an adult is a parent’s job, it’s also our responsibility as a society to ensure that we support schools that nurture (培养) emotional and identity development. ____39____ A. It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles. B. They talk about someone’s inability to support themselves through work. C. It’s being able to show understanding when communicating with others. D. In other words, you’re playing the game of life — life isn’t playing you. E. They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity. F. You feel like an 18-year old, especially when playing 80s music. G. When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 There’s something magical about the way imagination works. Around the world, kids are using imagination in ways that were once only found in science fiction. Take the story of Mark Lee. He loved biking around his neighbourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. Instead of simply complaining, he decided to do something about it. Using an old 3D printer, Mark started experimenting. He melted (熔化) plastic bottles down and tried shaping them into small bricks. At first, everything went wrong — the plastic broke, the printer jammed, and the pieces didn’t fit together. Friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up. But Mark had a different idea. He redesigned the bricks to lock together like puzzle (拼图) pieces and adjusted the heating temperature carefully. After months of trial and error, he succeeded. With a little help from his school and the local community centre, Mark used his bricks to build a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood. And he’s not alone. Thirteen-year-old Sally Carter loved reading fantasy books. Inspired by magical maps in her stories, she wondered: what if we could build a real-world app that helps people explore hidden places in their own cities? She gathered friends, learned some basic programming, and together they created an app that maps small local parks and gardens few people knew about. Their app quickly grew popular in town and even won a local youth innovation award. Next time you see a young person lost in thought, don’t rush to pull them back. They might just be imagining the next great idea. 40. What upset Mark when he was biking around his neighbourhood? _____________________________________________________________ 41. How does the app created by Sally and her friends help? _____________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > With encouragement from his friends and parents, Mark built a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood after months of trial and error. _____________________________________________________________ 43. How can you put your imagination into practice as Mark and Sally did? (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你在学校校庆文创大赛中获奖，你的外国朋友Jim在校官网上看到后来信询问。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1．介绍你的作品； 2．说明设计理由。 注意：（1）词数100左右； （2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $