Unit 2 Period 1 Reading and Thinking阅读课（分层作业）英语人教版选择性必修第二册
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Unit 2 Bridging Cultures
Period 1 Reading and Thinking
A组 巩固过关
C组 思维拔高
B组 能力进阶
一、单词拼写 根据所给汉语、首字母或中英文提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1. His office is on the other side of the __________ (校园).
【答案】campus
【解析】考查名词。句意：他的办公室在校园的另一边。根据汉语提示“校园”可知，本空用名词campus，作介词of的宾语。故填campus。
2. You'll need to tell your parents about this because it costs money to hire a ________ (家庭教师).
【答案】tutor
【解析】考查名词。句意：你需要告诉你的父母这件事，因为雇一个家庭教师要花钱。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“家庭教师”应用tutor，为可数名词，空前有不定冠词a，所以应用单数形式作宾语。故填tutor。
3. They decided to send a ________ (信使) to ask for help from the nearby village.
【答案】messenger
【解析】考查名词。句意：他们决定派一名信使到附近的村庄寻求帮助。根据汉语提示“信使”可知应填名词messenger，作宾语，且空前有不定冠词a修饰，应使用名词单数形式。故填messenger。
4. Thanks to his help, I ________ (回想起) what happened two years ago.
【答案】recalled
【解析】考查时态。句意：多亏了他的帮助，我回想起了两年前发生的事情。描述过去的一次性动作，要用一般过去时，根据汉语提示，空处应填动词recall的过去式，在句中作谓语动词。故填recalled。
5. The job applicants must have good communication skills, a business ________ (资格) and first of all, previous working experience.
【答案】qualification
【解析】考查名词。句意：求职者必须具备良好的沟通能力、商业资格，并且首先要有以往的工作经验。空白处在句子中作宾语使用名词，根据上文 a business 以及汉语提示“资格”可知此处应填名词单数形式 qualification，故填 qualification。
6. He _________(参与，从事) in volunteer’s work in spare time.
【答案】engages / participates
【解析】考查动词。句意：他在业余时间从事志愿者工作。根据汉语提示可知应填动词engage或participate，作谓语，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为he，谓语用三单形式。故填engages/participates。
7. I call on all the people to p________ and make joint efforts to overcome the epidemic.
【答案】participate
【解析】句意：我呼吁全体民众参与进来，并共同努力战胜这场疫情。call on sb. to do sth.“号召某人做某事”是固定搭配，不定式作宾补，因此空处填动词原形，结合句意和首字母可知，动词participate“参与”符合题意。
8. The p________ of awards to the winners took place after the dragon boat race.
【答案】presentation
【解析】考查名词。句意：龙舟比赛结束后，举行了获奖者的颁奖仪式。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，此处为名词presentation“颁发；授予”作主语，满足句意要求。故填presentation。
9. To keep in touch, we e_______ telephone numbers with each other yesterday.
【答案】exchanged
【解析】句意：为了保持联系，我们昨天互相交换了电话号码。根据首字母和句意可知，此处表示“交换”，动词为exchange；结合句中的时间状语yesterday可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。
10. Traditional festival foods provide a sense of c________(安慰) and belonging.
【答案】comfort
【解析】考查名词。句意：传统节日食物能带来安慰感与归属感。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词comfort“安慰”作宾语，满足句意要求。故填comfort。
二、单项选择 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. His uncle, ______ works as an engineer in a big company, will come to visit him.
A. that B. who C. which D. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他那位在大公司当工程师的叔叔会来看他。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词his uncle指人，从句缺少主语，用关系代词who引导，故选B。
2. No sooner ________ to help him ________ to regret doing it.
A. she had agreed; when she started B. did she agree; than she started
C. had she agreed; than she started D. had she agreed; when she started
【答案】C
【解析】句意：她刚一同意帮他，就开始后悔了。此处为固定句型no sooner...than...，意为“一……就……”，当no sooner位于句首时，主句需要使用部分倒装，且主句通常使用过去完成时，than引导的从句使用一般过去时，即“No sooner had + 主语 + 过去分词 + than + 主语 + 一般过去时”，因此第一空为had she agreed，第二空为than she started。
3. Wang Wencai’s granddaughter didn’t know ________ her grandfather was a world-famous scientist for a long time.
A. what B. that C. if D. whether
【答案】B
【解析】句意：很长一段时间以来，王文彩的孙女都不知道她的爷爷是一位世界著名的科学家。此处引导宾语从句，从句句意完整，不缺少任何成分，也不表示“是否”的含义，应使用连词that来引导该宾语从句。
4. The professor, ________ I have great respect, will give us a lecture on ________ he calls “the future of AI”.
A. for whom; that B. for whom; what
C. to whom; what D. to whom; which
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这位我十分敬重的教授，将会给我们做一场关于他称之为“人工智能的未来”的讲座。第一空考查固定搭配have respect for sb，表示“敬重某人”，所以介词用 for；第二空介词on后的宾语从句缺少call的宾语，what可在宾语从句中充当宾语，表示“……的事物”。
5. ________ I’m under instructions to keep my speech short, I can’t help raising many examples to support my opinion that making plans ahead of time is important.
A. While B. Unless C. As D. Until
【答案】A
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我接到指示要简短发言，但我还是忍不住举出许多例子来支持我的观点，即提前制定计划很重要。A. While虽然，尽管；B. Unless除非；C. As因为，当……时候；D. Until直到。“要缩短演讲时长”和“忍不住举很多例子”之间是让步关系，需用while 引导让步状语从句。故选A。
6. I began to feel _____ in the new school when I saw some families faces.
A. at home B. at heart C. at will D. at sight
【答案】A
【解析】此题考查固定短语。feel at home意为感觉自在，符合题意“当我看见一些熟悉面孔时，我在新学校开始感觉自在”。at heart意为：在内心里，at will意为:随意，任意，at sight:一见。
三、完成句子 根据汉语提示，补全下列句子。
1. 他们需要一个大的胜利来增强他们的信心。
They need a big win to _________________________.
【答案】boost their confidence
【解析】考查非谓语动词及固定短语。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“增强他们的信心”，应用动词短语boost one’s confidence，意为“增强某人的信心”，结合主语they可知此处指“增强他们的信心”，应用形容词性物主代词their；且空前有不定式符号to，所以动词boost应用原形。故填boost their confidence。
2. 悲伤和孤独的气氛笼罩着她。
________________________________________________ her.
【答案】An air of sorrow and loneliness settled on
【解析】考查动词、名词和时态。“an air of...”表示“……的气氛”，“悲伤和孤独”译为“sorrow and loneliness”，“笼罩着……”表达为“settle on ...”，根据句子语境，描述的是过去的状态，用一般过去时，settle的过去式为settled。故填An air of sorrow and loneliness settled on。
3. 毋庸置疑，中国传统文化包括书法、绘画、剪纸等等。
No one can deny the fact that traditional Chinese cultures ________________________________________________________.
【答案】involve calligraphy, painting, paper-cutting and so on
【解析】考查动词短语。根据汉语提示，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“包括”用involve，表示“书法、绘画、剪纸”用calligraphy，painting，paper-cutting；表示“等等”用and so on。故答案为involve calligraphy, painting, paper-cutting and so on。
4. 大卫闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，皱着眉头，考虑着他是否应该参加越野赛。
David squeezed his eyes, bit his lips and frowned, thinking about _______________________________________________________ the cross-country run or not.
【答案】whether to take part in/participate in/engage in
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据汉语提示，表示“是否去做某事”用whether to do sth；表示“参与，参加”用take part in/participate in/engage in，此处使用动词原形与前文的to构成不定式结构。故答案为whether to take part in/participate in/engage in。
5. 通过这一考试你就有资格驾驶重型车辆。
Passing the test _________________________ heavy vehicles.
【答案】qualifies you to drive
【解析】考查动词短语与主谓一致。中文提示“有资格驾驶”对应短语qualify sb. to do sth.，意为“使某人有资格做某事”。动名词短语Passing the test作主语，视为单数，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故谓语动词用qualifies，“驾驶”对应动词drive。故填qualifies you to drive。
6. 刚开始的时候，谢蕾不知道该说些什么。但令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。
At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but what surprised her was that she _______________________________________ after just a few weeks.
【答案】found herself speaking up in class
【解析】考查时态和动词短语。根据句意，本题考查固定短语find oneself doing sth.，意为“发现某人自己正在做某事”，主语为she，所以反身代词应用herself，doing为现在分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语主动地正在做某事。表示“大胆发言”应用动词短语speak up；表示“在课堂上”应用介词短语in class。根据“what surprised her was that”可知，时态应用一般过去时。故填found herself speaking up in class。
7. 她见过一些不够成熟的交换生因无法应对新挑战而感到沮丧。（原因状语从句）
She had seen some immature exchange students feel frustrated ___________________________________________________.
【答案】because they cannot cope with new challenges
【解析】考查原因状语从句，动词短语，名词，形容词。本句使用连词“because”引导原因状语从句，“他们”使用they，“应对”使用动词短语“cope with”，“新”使用形容词“new”，名词“挑战”使用名词“challenge”是可数名词，此处表达复数意义，“不能”使用情态动词否定形式“cannot”，cope位于情态动词后面，使用动词原形。故填because they cannot cope with new challenges。
8. 多亏了他的及时帮助，我才得以适应新的学校生活。(一句多译)
（1）Thanks to his timely help, I ______________________________ the new school life. (adaptation)
（2）Thanks to his timely help, I ______________________________ the new school life. (adapt)
【答案】① could make an adaptation to ② could adapt (myself) to
【解析】考查名词，动词短语。“适应”可使用动词“adapt”，其名词形式为“adaptation”，“适应……”可使用短语“make an adaptation to”或“adapt (oneself) to”，“能够”使用情态动词“can”，本句描述过去的事实，因此需要使用一般过去时。故答案为：①could make an adaptation to②could adapt (myself) to。
9. 人们希望更多的人能参与到对抗污染的斗争中来。
It is desired _______________________________________________ the fight against pollution.(get involved in)
【答案】that more people (should) get involved in
【解析】考查固定搭配和主语从句。get involved in意为“参与到……中”，为固定搭配。It is desired that...意为“人们希望……”，It作形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，且从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语应用“should+动词原形”形式，should可以省略。故填that more people (should) get involved in。
10. 她第一次写论文时，导师跟她解释说，如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明，不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的。
The first time that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must ________________ what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted to know ________________!
【答案】① acknowledge ② what she thought
【解析】考查动词、宾语从句。本空表示“承认、注明（出处）”，用动词acknowledge，情态动词must后用动词原形，第一空填acknowledge。第二空作know的宾语，从句描述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，表示“她想”用she thought，从句缺少thought的宾语，引导词用what，第二空填what she thought。故填①acknowledge；②what she thought。
11. We________________________________________________________（轮流照顾） him until he recovered.
【答案】took turns to take care of/taking care of/at/in taking care of
【解析】考查短语和时态。句意：我们将轮流照顾他，直到他康复。take turns to do/doing/at/in doing sth.轮流做某事；take care of照顾。根据从句时态可知，用一般过去时。根据汉语提示及句意，故填took turns to take care of/taking care of/at/in taking care of。
12. There is no doubt that poverty and poor health often go ________________. (用hand的相关短语填空)
【答案】hand in hand
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：毫无疑问，贫困与健康状况不佳往往相伴而生。根据汉语提示，hand in hand表示“手拉手”，动词短语go hand in hand表示“结伴而行、密切相关”，符合句意。故填hand in hand。
13. She _____________________________________ (对计算机编程很感兴趣 keen) in high school, which led her to study software engineering in college.
【答案】was keen on computer programming
【解析】考查固定短语和时态。句意：她在高中时就对计算机编程很感兴趣，这促使她在大学里选择了软件工程专业。根据汉语提示表示“对……感兴趣”短语为be keen on；表示“计算机编程”短语为computer programming。根据后文led可知为一般过去时，主语为She，谓语用单数。故填was keen on computer programming。
14. It was the first time ______________________________________________(海伦理解如此复杂的词) — a word for something she couldn’t touch.
【答案】Helen had understood such a complex word
【解析】句意：这是海伦第一次理解一个如此复杂的词——一个她无法触摸到的东西。此处为句型it was the first time+过去完成时；主语为Helen；表示“理解”用动词understand；表示“如此复杂的词”为such a complex word。
15. Jack is a great talker. It’s high time for him to do something instead of just talking. (句型转换)
→Jack is a great talker. It’s high time ______________________________________ instead of just talking.
【答案】that he did / should do something
【解析】考查固定句型。句意：杰克是个空谈家。现在是他该做点什么而不是只说不做的时候了。根据要求进行句型转换，此处考查固定句型“It’s high time that...”，表示“到了……该做某事的时候了”。该句型中，that 不可省略，从句谓语动词有两种形式，一是用一般过去时（did），二是用“should + 动词原形”，should 不可省略。结合原句“for him to do something”，转换后从句主语为 he，谓语对应为did /should do，宾语为 something。故填 that he did /should do something。
四、翻译 把下列句子进行英汉互译。
1. 和平开启进步之门，而战争将其关闭。
_________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Peace opens the door to progress, while war closes it.
【解析】表示“和平”名词为peace，作主语；表示“开启……之门”短语为open the door to...，主语是不可数名词，句子描述客观道理，谓语用opens；表示“进步”名词为progress；表示“而”用连词while，连接两个分句表对比；表示“战争”名词为war，作第二个分句的主语；表示“关闭”用closes，作谓语；表示“其”用代词it，指代前句的door。
2. 作为年轻人，我们的抱负应是尽我们的力量使我们的祖国强大。
________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】As youths, our ambitions should be to try our best to strengthen our country.
【解析】考查短语和情态动词。“作为年轻人”翻译为As youths；“我们的抱负”翻译为our ambitions ，在句中作主语。“应是”用should be to do，在句中作谓语；“尽某人的力量做某事”用短语try one’s best to do sth.；“使我们的祖国强大”翻译为strengthen our country。故翻译为As youths, our ambitions should be to try our best to strengthen our country.
3. 熟悉当地习俗能提升你的文化意识，并让你有安全感。(familiar)
______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Being familiar with local customs can raise your cultural awareness and give you a sense of security/ and you will have a sense of security.
【解析】考查动名词作主语及情态动词。“熟悉”表达为be familiar with，在此句中用动名词Being familiar with作主语，表示一种行为或状态，能使句子表达更自然流畅 。“当地习俗”是local customs。“能提升”用can raise，“文化意识”即cultural awareness 。“让你有”可表达为give you ，“安全感”是a sense of security。句子描述一般性事实，用一般现在时。故译为Being familiar with local customs can raise your cultural awareness and give you a sense of security. 另外一种表述and you will have a sense of security同样表达合理，使用will表将来，强调一种结果，与前面部分can raise...并列。故翻译为Being familiar with local customs can raise your cultural awareness and give you a sense of security/ and you will have a sense of security.
4. What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to her.
________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】以前看似奇怪的事情现在对她来说显得十分平常。
【解析】考查主语从句，时态和主谓一致。“What seemed strange before”是主语从句，翻译为“以前看似奇怪的事情”，“now”意为“现在”，“appears quite normal to her”意为“对她来说显得十分平常”，因此整个句子翻译为“以前看似奇怪的事情现在对她来说显得十分平常”。故答案为“以前看似奇怪的事情现在对她来说显得十分平常”。
5. I chose the exchange programme because I wanted to learn about global business and improve my English.
________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】之所以选择这个交流项目，是因为我想了解全球商务，并提高我的英语水平。
【解析】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句为because引导的原因状语从句。主句是简单的主谓宾结构，主语是I “我”，chose“选择”是谓语动词，the exchange programme“这个交流项目”是宾语。从句也是简单的主谓宾结构，主语是I “我”，wanted“想要”是谓语动词，to learn about global business and improve my English.“了解全球商务，并提高我的英语水平”是不定式作宾语。故本句可译为：之所以选择这个交流项目，是因为我想了解全球商务，并提高我的英语水平。
6. British people are fascinated by our culture and eager to learn more about it, so I’m keen to share my culture with them.
________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】英国人对我们的文化十分着迷并渴望了解更多中国文化，因此我也乐于同他们分享。
【解析】考查句子结构、介词、形容词及非谓语动词。British people“英国人”作主语；be fascinated by意为“对……着迷”，are fascinated by our culture可译为“对我们的文化十分着迷”；be eager to do sth意为“渴望做某事”，eager to learn more about it可译为“渴望了解更多中国文化”，it代指前文“our culture”；I’m keen to share my culture with them“我也乐于同他们分享”是前文的结果，be keen to do sth 意为“热衷于做某事”。故可翻译为：英国人对我们的文化十分着迷并渴望了解更多中国文化，因此我也乐于同他们分享。
五、选词填空 用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，每个单词或短语限用一次。
（一）
if whether that what where when
1. He says ________ he wants to speak to the headmaster.
2. I don’t know ________ it is going to rain.
3. Tell me ________ you did yesterday.
4. Could you tell me ________ he left for Japan?
5. I wonder ________ he has gone.
【答案】1. that 2. whether / if 3. what 4. when 5. where
【解析】1. 考查宾语从句。句意：他说他想和校长谈谈。引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分和句意，所以用连接词that引导。故填that。
2. 考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道是否会下雨。引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，表示“是否”用whether/if。故填whether/if。
3. 考查宾语从句。句意：告诉我你昨天做了什么。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事物用连接代词what。故填what。
4. 考查宾语从句。句意：你能告诉我他什么时候去日本的吗？引导宾语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意，此处缺少时间状语。故填when。
5. 考查宾语从句。句意：我想知道他去了哪里。引导宾语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意，此处缺少地点状语。故填where。
（二）
get involved in, in summary, participate in, cost an arm and a leg, be keen to help
speak up, side with, generally speaking, as far as I know, feel at home
1. There is some truth in the theory concerning the present situation, so I_____________it.
2. _____________, students deal with problems in a simple way.
3. It means that crew members should listen and_____________ for a good result.
4. It is your hospitality and warm welcome that make us_____________.
5. An informer supplied the police with the names of those who had_____________ the crime.
6. ____________________, Peking University ranks first in China.
7. Going abroad for further study will_____________.
8. _____________, make the decision to go after every dream, big or small, right now.
9. Mr. Smith is a kind professor and____________ with your essay.
10. To complete the programme, students are required to_____________ pair meetings.
【答案】1. side with 2. Generally speaking 3. speak up 4. feel at home 5. got involved in 6. As far as I know 7. cost an arm and a leg 8. In summary 9. is keen to help 10. participate in
【解析】1. 考查动词短语。句意：关于当前形势的这个理论有一定道理，所以我支持它。空处作句子谓语，结合前半句“There is some truth in the theory”可知，此处指“支持”该理论，动词短语side with“支持；站在……一边”符合题意。句子陈述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语I是第一人称，谓语用原形。
2. 考查固定短语。句意：总的来说，学生们用简单的方式处理问题。空处位于句首，作状语，结合句意可知，此处是对学生处理问题的方式进行概括，固定短语generally speaking“总的来说；通常”符合题意，句首首字母大写。
3. 考查动词短语。句意：这意味着机组人员应该倾听并为取得好结果而大胆发声。空处与listen并列作谓语，结合“listen”和“a good result”可知，此处指“大胆表达；发声”，动词短语speak up“大声说；大胆发声”符合题意，情态动词should后接动词原形。
4. 考查动词短语。句意：正是你的热情好客和热烈欢迎让我们感到宾至如归。空处作宾语补足语，结合“hospitality and warm welcome”可知，此处指“感到自在、宾至如归”，动词短语feel at home“感到自在；宾至如归”符合题意，make sb. do sth.为固定搭配，因此feel用原形。
5. 考查动词短语。句意：一名线人向警方提供了参与该犯罪活动人员的姓名。空处作定语从句的谓语，结合“the crime”可知，此处指“参与”犯罪，动词短语get involved in“参与；卷入”符合题意。定语从句中had后接过去分词，构成过去完成时，get的过去分词为got。
6. 考查固定短语。句意：据我所知，北京大学在中国排名第一。空处位于句首，作状语，结合句意可知，此处是表达个人所知的情况，固定短语as far as I know“据我所知”符合题意，句首首字母大写。
7. 考查动词短语。句意：出国深造会花费一大笔钱。空处作句子谓语，结合“Going abroad for further study”的语境可知，此处指花费很多钱，动词短语cost an arm and a leg“花费一大笔钱”符合题意。will后接动词原形。
8. 考查固定短语。句意：总之，决定现在就去追求每一个梦想，无论大小。空处位于句首，作状语，结合句意可知，此处是对前文内容的总结，固定短语in summary“总之；概括来说”符合题意，句首首字母大写。
9. 考查动词短语。句意：史密斯先生是一位和蔼的教授，并且很乐意帮助你修改论文。空处与is并列作谓语，结合“a kind professor”和“your essay”可知，此处指“乐意帮忙”，动词短语be keen to help“热衷于帮助；乐意帮忙”符合题意。主语Mr. Smith是第三人称单数，be动词用is。
10. 考查动词短语。句意：为了完成这个项目，学生们被要求参加两人会议。空处作主语补足语，结合“pair meetings.”可知，此处指“参加”会议，动词短语participate in“参加；参与”符合题意，be required to do sth.为固定搭配，因此participate用原形。
（三）
complex, recall, qualify, ambition, adaptation
participate, presentation, engage, speak up, feel at home
1. If you disagree with the speaker, you should ________ politely in the meeting and express your view.
2. After living with the host family for several weeks, she began to ________ in London.
3. The young man's ________ is to start his own business in the field of international trade.
4. I still ________ the moment when I gave my first English speech to a large audience.
5. Active students are more willing to ________ in various classroom activities and group discussions.
6. The cultural ________ was not easy for her at first, but she gradually got used to the new lifestyle.
7. The rules of the host country are more ________ than they appear, so new students often need guidance.
8. Years of hard work and rich experience ________ him for the important position in the company.
9. The speaker used some interesting stories to ________ the audience’s attention during the lecture.
10. The students are required to give a short ________ on their research findings next week.
【答案】1. speak up 2. feel at home 3. ambition 4. recall 5. participate 6. adaptation 7. complex 8. qualified 9. engage 10. presentation
【解析】1. 考查动词短语。句意：如果你不同意发言人的观点，你应该在会上礼貌地大胆说出想法并表达你的观点。结合后文“and express your view”可知，此处表示大胆说出，选用动词短语speak up。情态动词should后接动词原形。
2. 考查动词短语。句意：在和寄宿家庭一起生活几周后，她开始在伦敦感到自在。结合前文“After living with the host family”可知，此处表示感到自在，选用动词短语feel at home。固定结构begin to do sth.，to后接动词原形。
3. 考查名词。句意：这个年轻人的志向是在国际贸易领域创办自己的公司。结合后文“is to start his own business”可知，此处表示志向，选用名词ambition，作主语，be动词为 is，使用单数形式。
4. 考查动词。句意：我仍然记得我第一次面向众多观众发表英语演讲的那个时刻。结合后文“the moment”可知，此处表示回忆、记得，选用动词recall。描述现状，句子为一般现在时，主语为I，谓语用动词原形。
5. 考查动词。句意：积极的学生更愿意参与各类课堂活动和小组讨论。结合后文“in various classroom activities”可知，此处选用动词participate。固定搭配participate in表示参加，be willing to后接动词原形。
6. 考查名词。句意：这种文化适应起初对她来说并不容易，但她慢慢习惯了新的生活方式。结合后文“was not easy for her at first, but she gradually got used to the new lifestyle”可知，此处表示适应，选用名词adaptation，作主语。
7. 考查形容词。句意：东道国的规则比看上去更复杂，所以新生常常需要指导。结合后文“than they appear”可知，此处表示复杂的，选用形容词complex，作表语。
8. 考查动词。句意：多年的努力和丰富的经验使他具备担任公司这一重要职位的资格。结合后文“him for the important position”可知，此处表示具备资格，选用动词qualify。固定搭配qualify sb.for sth. 表示“使某人有资格做某事”，句子为一般过去时，故用qualified。
9. 考查动词。句意：演讲者在讲座中用一些有趣的故事吸引听众的注意力。结合后文“the audience’s attention”可知，此处指吸引听众的注意力，选用动词engage。固定搭配engage one’s attention表示“吸引注意力”，不定式to后接动词原形。
10. 考查名词。句意：学生被要求下周针对他们的研究成果做简短的展示报告。结合前文“give a short”可知，此处表示报告、展示，选用名词presentation。不定冠词a后接名词单数。
六、阅读理解（阅读单选） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
With the world becoming smaller, many young adults make the decision to study in foreign universities. It is an exciting, challenging experience to live in a foreign country. Anyone who can study abroad is fortunate; but of course, it is not easy to make the transition from one culture to another. One faces many difficulties.
The student who studies in a foreign country leaves behind a familiar, loving and comfortable environment. Back home, she has her family, friends and acquaintances. She knows the language, politics, money, food, social customs, and so forth. She knows all the aspects of her native culture, such as body language, bargaining practises, and efforts to minimize waste through recycling, etc. In short, she knows “the system” in her native country. The day she leaves all this behind and suddenly finds herself in a place where everyone and everything is strange, perhaps confusing. All this strangeness is a major surprise to a person’s confidence. This sudden change often leads to a reaction called culture shock.
Foreigners experience varying degrees of culture shock. The symptoms vary from being ill-at-ease to being seriously depressed. Feeling homesick, unhappy and very sensitive are other signs of culture shock. It is easy to understand that the endless frustrations of the early days in a new country would produce dissatisfaction, discomfort, and perhaps even hostility. However, being negative will never get rid of the feeling of frustrations. The mature person understands that a positive attitude, determination and flexibility are important in making the transition successful.
1. “The system” in the second paragraph includes the following except ________.
A. social customs B. bargaining C. politics D. foreign culture
2. From the passage we can know that ________.
A. it is fortunate as well as challenging to study abroad
B. culture shock affects all foreigners in the same way
C. all foreigners can feel a sense of hostility due to culture shock
D. the mature person with determination will not suffer from culture shock
3. The main idea of the passage is that ________.
A. people know “the system” very well in their native country
B. the mature person with a positive attitude will overcome culture shock
C. culture shock is a pleasant experience if one goes abroad
D. many international students are affected by culture shock in different degrees
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D
【解析】主要介绍留学生出国之后会遭遇文化冲击、相关症状以及应对该问题的正确态度。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Back home, she has her family, friends and acquaintances. She knows the language, politics, money, food, social customs, and so forth. She knows all the aspects of her native culture, such as body language, bargaining practises, and efforts to minimize waste through recycling, etc.(在家乡，她有家人、朋友和熟人。她了解语言、政治、货币、食物、社会习俗等等。她熟知自己本土文化的方方面面，比如肢体语言、讨价还价的习惯做法，以及通过回收利用来尽量减少浪费的努力等。)”可知，“In short, she knows “the system” in her native country.(简而言之，她了解自己祖国的“the system”)”中的the system“这套体系”指代上文提到的与本国本土文化相关的内容，foreign culture（外国文化）不在其内。
2. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It is an exciting, challenging experience to live in a foreign country. Anyone who can study abroad is fortunate;(在异国生活是一段刺激且充满挑战的经历。能够出国留学的人是幸运的)”由此可知，出国留学既幸运又充满挑战。
3. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第三段开头“Foreigners experience varying degrees of culture shock.(外国人会经受不同程度的文化冲击。)”可知，文章围绕留学生出国之后面临陌生环境、产生文化冲击以及冲击有着不一样的表现展开叙述。所以文章的主旨是许多留学生都会受到不同程度的文化冲击。
七、阅读理解（七选五） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Culture shock refers to the anxiety and mixed emotions (of surprise, confusion, uncertainty, etc.) that people experience when they have to function in a completely different and unfamiliar cultural or social setting, such as a foreign country.
Generally speaking, most people going through culture shock go through four distinct stages. The first stage is called “the honeymoon”. In this stage, you are filled with excitement about experiencing a new way of life. ______1______
The second stage is known as “the frustration stage”. In this phase, you start to realize that not everything about the new culture is as perfect as you initially imagined. ______2______ Additionally, people may no longer treat you like a curious outsider, which can lead to feelings of isolation.
Then you move to the third stage, called “the adjustment stage”.______3______ At this point, you have gained enough knowledge to understand the basic logic of the new culture. The overall situation starts to feel more manageable, and you begin to develop strategies to adapt to your new surroundings.
The final stage is called “full adaptation”. In this stage, you have truly settled into the new culture. ______4______ The habits and customs that once made you feel uneasy or strange are now familiar and even comfortable to you. You no longer feel like an outsider.
It’s important to note that not everyone experiences all four stages to the same degree. ______5______ Culture shock can also occur within a single culture, such as when a person moves from a rural area to a big city or transitions from high school to university.
In conclusion, culture shock is a natural part of cultural transition, and recognizing its stages can help individuals cope with challenges more effectively.
A. You become disappointed and tired of many aspects of the new culture.
B. And everything seems wonderful and people appear to be very kind to you.
C. You begin to make efforts to understand and accept the new rules.
D. In addition, culture shock is not limited to people moving abroad.
E. The things that once confused you now become clear and familiar.
F. Understanding culture shock is the first step to adapting to a new cultural environment.
G. You start to lose hope and want to go back home immediately.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. E 5. D
【解析】文章主要介绍文化冲击的含义以及人们经历文化冲击时通常会经历的四个不同阶段及相关特点。
1. 根据上文“The first stage is called “the honeymoon”. In this stage, you are filled with excitement about experiencing a new way of life.(第一阶段被称为“蜜月期”。在这个阶段，你会对体验全新的生活方式充满兴奋)”可知，此处承接蜜月期的积极美好感受，B选项“And everything seems wonderful and people appear to be very kind to you.(一切看起来都很美好，身边的人对你也十分友善)”贴合蜜月期愉悦的心理状态，承接上文语境。
2. 根据上文“In this phase, you start to realize that not everything about the new culture is as perfect as you initially imagined.(在这个阶段，你开始意识到新文化并非像最初想象的那般完美)”以及后文“Additionally, people may no longer treat you like a curious outsider, which can lead to feelings of isolation.(此外，人们不再把你当作新奇的外来者看待，会让人产生孤独感)”可知，此处衔接心态落差带来的负面情绪，A选项“You become disappointed and tired of many aspects of the new culture.(你会对新文化的诸多方面感到失望、心生厌烦)”贴合挫折阶段的情绪变化，衔接上下文。
3. 根据上文“the adjustment stage(适应阶段)”以及后文“At this point, you have gained enough knowledge to understand the basic logic of the new culture.(此时，你已经掌握足够知识，能够理解新文化的基本逻辑)”可知，此处讲述主动适应新文化的做法，C选项“You begin to make efforts to understand and accept the new rules.(你开始主动努力去理解、接纳全新的生活规则)”契合适应阶段的核心行为，贴合段落语境。
4. 根据上文“In this stage, you have truly settled into the new culture.(在这个阶段，你已经真正融入了新文化)”以及后文“The habits and customs that once made you feel uneasy or strange are now familiar and even comfortable to you.(曾经让你局促陌生的风俗习性，如今都变得熟悉又舒心)”可知，此处衔接完全适应后的状态变化，E选项“The things that once confused you now become clear and familiar.(曾经让你困惑不解的事物，如今都变得清晰又熟悉)”呼应全文，贴合完全适应阶段的特点。
5. 根据后文“Culture shock can also occur within a single culture, such as when a person moves from a rural area to a big city or transitions from high school to university.(文化冲击也会发生在同一文化内部，比如乡村迁居城市、升入大学等场景)”可知，此处说明文化冲击不局限于出国场景，D选项“In addition, culture shock is not limited to people moving abroad.(此外，文化冲击并不只出现在出国人群身上)”引出下文同文化内的文化冲击，衔接自然。
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Unit 2 Bridging Cultures
Period 1 Reading and Thinking
A组 巩固过关
C组 思维拔高
B组 能力进阶
一、单词拼写 根据所给汉语、首字母或中英文提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1. His office is on the other side of the __________ (校园).
2. You'll need to tell your parents about this because it costs money to hire a ________ (家庭教师).
3. They decided to send a ________ (信使) to ask for help from the nearby village.
4. Thanks to his help, I ________ (回想起) what happened two years ago.
5. The job applicants must have good communication skills, a business ________ (资格) and first of all, previous working experience.
6. He _________(参与，从事) in volunteer’s work in spare time.
7. I call on all the people to p________ and make joint efforts to overcome the epidemic.
8. The p________ of awards to the winners took place after the dragon boat race.
9. To keep in touch, we e_______ telephone numbers with each other yesterday.
10. Traditional festival foods provide a sense of c________(安慰) and belonging.
二、单项选择 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. His uncle, ______ works as an engineer in a big company, will come to visit him.
A. that B. who C. which D. where
2. No sooner ________ to help him ________ to regret doing it.
A. she had agreed; when she started B. did she agree; than she started
C. had she agreed; than she started D. had she agreed; when she started
3. Wang Wencai’s granddaughter didn’t know ________ her grandfather was a world-famous scientist for a long time.
A. what B. that C. if D. whether
4. The professor, ________ I have great respect, will give us a lecture on ________ he calls “the future of AI”.
A. for whom; that B. for whom; what
C. to whom; what D. to whom; which
5. ________ I’m under instructions to keep my speech short, I can’t help raising many examples to support my opinion that making plans ahead of time is important.
A. While B. Unless C. As D. Until
6. I began to feel _____ in the new school when I saw some families faces.
A. at home B. at heart C. at will D. at sight
三、完成句子 根据汉语提示，补全下列句子。
1. 他们需要一个大的胜利来增强他们的信心。
They need a big win to _________________________.
2. 悲伤和孤独的气氛笼罩着她。
________________________________________________ her.
3. 毋庸置疑，中国传统文化包括书法、绘画、剪纸等等。
No one can deny the fact that traditional Chinese cultures ________________________________________________________.
4. 大卫闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，皱着眉头，考虑着他是否应该参加越野赛。
David squeezed his eyes, bit his lips and frowned, thinking about _______________________________________________________ the cross-country run or not.
5. 通过这一考试你就有资格驾驶重型车辆。
Passing the test _________________________ heavy vehicles.
6. 刚开始的时候，谢蕾不知道该说些什么。但令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。
At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but what surprised her was that she _______________________________________ after just a few weeks.
7. 她见过一些不够成熟的交换生因无法应对新挑战而感到沮丧。（原因状语从句）
She had seen some immature exchange students feel frustrated ___________________________________________________.
8. 多亏了他的及时帮助，我才得以适应新的学校生活。(一句多译)
（1）Thanks to his timely help, I ______________________________ the new school life. (adaptation)
（2）Thanks to his timely help, I ______________________________ the new school life. (adapt)
9. 人们希望更多的人能参与到对抗污染的斗争中来。
It is desired _______________________________________________ the fight against pollution.(get involved in)
10. 她第一次写论文时，导师跟她解释说，如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明，不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的。
The first time that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must ________________ what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted to know ________________!
11. We________________________________________________________（轮流照顾） him until he recovered.
12. There is no doubt that poverty and poor health often go ________________. (用hand的相关短语填空)
13. She _____________________________________ (对计算机编程很感兴趣 keen) in high school, which led her to study software engineering in college.
14. It was the first time ______________________________________________(海伦理解如此复杂的词) — a word for something she couldn’t touch.
15. Jack is a great talker. It’s high time for him to do something instead of just talking. (句型转换)
→Jack is a great talker. It’s high time ______________________________________ instead of just talking.
四、翻译 把下列句子进行英汉互译。
1. 和平开启进步之门，而战争将其关闭。
_________________________________________________________________________
2. 作为年轻人，我们的抱负应是尽我们的力量使我们的祖国强大。
________________________________________________________________________________________
3. 熟悉当地习俗能提升你的文化意识，并让你有安全感。(familiar)
______________________________________________________________________________
4. What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to her.
________________________________________________________________________________________
5. I chose the exchange programme because I wanted to learn about global business and improve my English.
________________________________________________________________________________________
6. British people are fascinated by our culture and eager to learn more about it, so I’m keen to share my culture with them.
________________________________________________________________________________________
五、选词填空 用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，每个单词或短语限用一次。
（一）
if whether that what where when
1. He says ________ he wants to speak to the headmaster.
2. I don’t know ________ it is going to rain.
3. Tell me ________ you did yesterday.
4. Could you tell me ________ he left for Japan?
5. I wonder ________ he has gone.
（二）
get involved in, in summary, participate in, cost an arm and a leg, be keen to help
speak up, side with, generally speaking, as far as I know, feel at home
1. There is some truth in the theory concerning the present situation, so I_____________it.
2. _____________, students deal with problems in a simple way.
3. It means that crew members should listen and_____________ for a good result.
4. It is your hospitality and warm welcome that make us_____________.
5. An informer supplied the police with the names of those who had_____________ the crime.
6. ____________________, Peking University ranks first in China.
7. Going abroad for further study will_____________.
8. _____________, make the decision to go after every dream, big or small, right now.
9. Mr. Smith is a kind professor and____________ with your essay.
10. To complete the programme, students are required to_____________ pair meetings.
（三）
complex, recall, qualify, ambition, adaptation
participate, presentation, engage, speak up, feel at home
1. If you disagree with the speaker, you should ________ politely in the meeting and express your view.
2. After living with the host family for several weeks, she began to ________ in London.
3. The young man's ________ is to start his own business in the field of international trade.
4. I still ________ the moment when I gave my first English speech to a large audience.
5. Active students are more willing to ________ in various classroom activities and group discussions.
6. The cultural ________ was not easy for her at first, but she gradually got used to the new lifestyle.
7. The rules of the host country are more ________ than they appear, so new students often need guidance.
8. Years of hard work and rich experience ________ him for the important position in the company.
9. The speaker used some interesting stories to ________ the audience’s attention during the lecture.
10. The students are required to give a short ________ on their research findings next week.
六、阅读理解（阅读单选） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
With the world becoming smaller, many young adults make the decision to study in foreign universities. It is an exciting, challenging experience to live in a foreign country. Anyone who can study abroad is fortunate; but of course, it is not easy to make the transition from one culture to another. One faces many difficulties.
The student who studies in a foreign country leaves behind a familiar, loving and comfortable environment. Back home, she has her family, friends and acquaintances. She knows the language, politics, money, food, social customs, and so forth. She knows all the aspects of her native culture, such as body language, bargaining practises, and efforts to minimize waste through recycling, etc. In short, she knows “the system” in her native country. The day she leaves all this behind and suddenly finds herself in a place where everyone and everything is strange, perhaps confusing. All this strangeness is a major surprise to a person’s confidence. This sudden change often leads to a reaction called culture shock.
Foreigners experience varying degrees of culture shock. The symptoms vary from being ill-at-ease to being seriously depressed. Feeling homesick, unhappy and very sensitive are other signs of culture shock. It is easy to understand that the endless frustrations of the early days in a new country would produce dissatisfaction, discomfort, and perhaps even hostility. However, being negative will never get rid of the feeling of frustrations. The mature person understands that a positive attitude, determination and flexibility are important in making the transition successful.
1. “The system” in the second paragraph includes the following except ________.
A. social customs B. bargaining C. politics D. foreign culture
2. From the passage we can know that ________.
A. it is fortunate as well as challenging to study abroad
B. culture shock affects all foreigners in the same way
C. all foreigners can feel a sense of hostility due to culture shock
D. the mature person with determination will not suffer from culture shock
3. The main idea of the passage is that ________.
A. people know “the system” very well in their native country
B. the mature person with a positive attitude will overcome culture shock
C. culture shock is a pleasant experience if one goes abroad
D. many international students are affected by culture shock in different degrees
七、阅读理解（七选五） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Culture shock refers to the anxiety and mixed emotions (of surprise, confusion, uncertainty, etc.) that people experience when they have to function in a completely different and unfamiliar cultural or social setting, such as a foreign country.
Generally speaking, most people going through culture shock go through four distinct stages. The first stage is called “the honeymoon”. In this stage, you are filled with excitement about experiencing a new way of life. ______1______
The second stage is known as “the frustration stage”. In this phase, you start to realize that not everything about the new culture is as perfect as you initially imagined. ______2______ Additionally, people may no longer treat you like a curious outsider, which can lead to feelings of isolation.
Then you move to the third stage, called “the adjustment stage”.______3______ At this point, you have gained enough knowledge to understand the basic logic of the new culture. The overall situation starts to feel more manageable, and you begin to develop strategies to adapt to your new surroundings.
The final stage is called “full adaptation”. In this stage, you have truly settled into the new culture. ______4______ The habits and customs that once made you feel uneasy or strange are now familiar and even comfortable to you. You no longer feel like an outsider.
It’s important to note that not everyone experiences all four stages to the same degree. ______5______ Culture shock can also occur within a single culture, such as when a person moves from a rural area to a big city or transitions from high school to university.
In conclusion, culture shock is a natural part of cultural transition, and recognizing its stages can help individuals cope with challenges more effectively.
A. You become disappointed and tired of many aspects of the new culture.
B. And everything seems wonderful and people appear to be very kind to you.
C. You begin to make efforts to understand and accept the new rules.
D. In addition, culture shock is not limited to people moving abroad.
E. The things that once confused you now become clear and familiar.
F. Understanding culture shock is the first step to adapting to a new cultural environment.
G. You start to lose hope and want to go back home immediately.
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